跨文化交际中的中西文化冲突 论文.docx

跨文化交际中的中西文化冲突 论文.docx

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跨文化交际中的中西文化冲突论文

浅析跨文化交际中的中西文化冲突

AnanalysisofChinese-Westernculturalconflictsininterculturalcommunication

Contents

Acknowledgment…………………………………………………………………………（5）

Abstract（inChinese）…………………………………………………………………….....（6）

Abstract（inEnglish）………………………………………………………………………..（7）

1.Introduction……………………………………………………………………………..（8）

2.CultureConflicts………………………………………………………………………….（8）

2.1Connotation………………………………………………………………………..（8）

2.2Theconflictsonprivacy…………………………………………………………………（9）

2.3Theconflictsonthesenseoftime………………………………………………………（9）

2.4Theconflictsontraditionalcultures…………………………………………………….（10）

2.5Theconflictsontablecustom………………………………………………………….（10）

3.CausesforCulturalConflicts……………………………………………………………..（11）

3.1Thedifferenceinthemodeofthinking…………………………………………………...（11）

3.2Thedifferenceinbehavior……………………………………………………………….（12）

3.3Thedifferenceintheconceptofvalue……………………………………………………（12）

3.4Thedifferenceinlanguagetransference…………………………………………………..（13）

4.StrategiesforDealingWithCulturalConflicts…………………………………………….（13）

4.1ClearnessWithConflicts…………………………………………………………………（14）

4.2FamiliarityWithOtherCultures………………………………………………………….（14）

5.Thesignificanceofstudyinginterculturalcommunication…………………………………（15）

5.1Studyinginterculturalcommunicationcanreducethecommunicativeobstacles……….（15）

5.2Studyinginterculturalcommunicationcanreducethecommunicativeconflicts…………（16）..

5.3Studyinginterculturalcommunicationcanwidenpeople’svisualandpromoteculturecommunication…………………………………………………………………………….…（17）

6.Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………...（17）

References…………………………………………………………………………………….（18）

Acknowledgment

Iwouldliketotakethisopportunitytothankmytutor—YanCong,whosehelpandpatiencemadethisessaygetoffthegroundandcometoaclosesmoothly.

Iwouldliketoappreciatethehelpofotherteachers,whogivemeusefuladvicesonfinishingthispaper.Theirusefuladviceandhelpmademypapermuchmorematurethanbefore.Iamverygratefulofmylovelyfriendswhoofferedmequietsituationtocomposemypaperanddiscusswithmeaboutmypaper.

Lastbutnotleast,thanksaregiventomyparents,whohavesharedwithmemyworries,frustrations,andhopefullymyultimatehappinessineventuallyfinishingthisessay.

摘要

跨文化交际是指任何在语言和文化背景方面有差异的人们之间的交际。

近年来，在全球化背景下，中西方文化发生交织碰撞。

随着中西跨文化交际活动的日益频繁，由于各国的价值观念、伦理道德观念、民族习惯等差异，发生文化冲突的事件屡见不鲜，并且时常会闹出很多笑话，出现很多让人难堪的尴尬境地。

这严重影响了双方交往的顺利进行和国家与国家之间的友谊。

因此我们很有必要找出其深层次的原因，并采取一定的措施来培养跨文化交际的能力，避免文化冲突，让国与国之间的交流变得轻松自如，成为一种人人渴望的享受而不再是怯场或恐惧。

关键词：

跨文化交际、文化差异、文化冲突

Abstract

Interculturalcommunicationisanacademicfieldofstudyandmeansthecommunicationbetweenpeoplefromdifferentlinguisticandculturalbackgrounds.Inrecentyears,atthebackgroundofglobalization,ChineseandWesternculturaloccurredinterweavesthecollision.AsthefrequencybetweentheChineseandWesterninterculturalcommunicationactivitiesdaybyday,ManymattersofculturalconflictsininterculturalcommunicationofChinesecultureandwesternculturehadbeenhappenedrepeatedlybecauseofdifferencesonconceptofvalue,ethicsmoralityandnatiinalcustomsamongvariouscountries.Anditoftenmakemanyjokes,appearscircumstanceswhichmadepeopleembarrassed.Thisseriouslyaffectedthecourseofcommunicationandthefriendshipbetweennations.Therefore,itisnecessaryforustofindthein-depthreasonandtakesomecertainmeasurestoimprovetheabilityofinterculturalcommunication.Thisistherightwaytoavoidtheculturalconflictsandletthesocialcommuncationbecomemorefreeandrelaxedbetweennationandnation,andthenbecominganenjoumenteveryonewantsinsteadoffrightenorfeer.

Keywords:

InterculturalCommunication,Chinese-Western,culturaldifference,culturalconflict.

1.Introduction

Interculturalcommunicationisaformofglobalcommunication.Toputitsimply,interculturalcommuncationmeansthecommuncationbetweenpeoplefromdifferentculturalbackgrounds.Itisusedtodescribethewiderangeofcommunicativeproblemsthatnaturallyappearwithinanorganizationmadeupofindividualsfromdifferentreligious,social,ethnic,andeducationalbackgrounds.Itseekstounderstandhowpeoplefromdifferentcountriesandculturesact,communicateandperceivetheworldaroundthem.Interculturalcommunicationisnotsomethingnew,butsomethingthathasalwaystakenplace,sometimeswithoutourknowingit.

AftertheSecondWorldWar,peoplefindthattheearthbecomessmallerandsmaller:

politiciansfromeachcountryarebusyincommunicationontheinterculturalstage;internationalcompaniesarefoundeverywhere;scientistsandscholarsexistininternationalacademicforum;moreandmorepeoplevisitforeigncountries,ect.Allinall,Internationalcommunicationbecomessofrequent.Atthesametime,variousculturalconflictsincommunicationappearnearlyeverywhereinthecommunicationbetweenpeoplefromdifferentculturalbackground.Itisurgentforresearcherstobeawareofthoseconflictsandtrydifferentcommunicativemethodstosolvetheminordertohaveabettercommunicationindifferentsocialaffairs.

ThewriterdoesseveralresearchaboutdifferentbibliographyandmakeaconclusionfromthosedocumentsininterculturalcommunicationwiththeaimoffindingeffectivemethodstosolveChinese-Westernculturalconflictsininterculturalcommunication.

Thepaperdescribessomefrequentconflictsininterculturalcommunication.Thenwehavetheanalysisofcausesofthoseculturalconflicts.Next,theessayofferstwostrategiesfordealingwithculturalconflicts.Theyareclearnesswithconflicts,familiaritywithothercultures.Atlast,theessaywilltellusthesignificanceofstudyinginterculturalcommunication.

2.CultureConflicts

2.1Connotation

Onethingwecanbesureofisthatconflictisunavoidable.Conflictsarehappeningallaroundtheworld,astheyalwayshave.Thusculturalconflictsaretheconflictsoccurringininterculturalcommunicationwhichiscausedbyculturaldifferencesthatcanalsonotbeavoided.TherearemanycultureconflictsininterculturalcommunicationbetweenChineseculturalandwesternculture,itisimpossibleforustolistthemoutonebyone.Here,somefrequentconflictsarelistedout.+

2.2Theconflictsonprivacy

ThesenseofprivacyofChinesepeopleisrelativelyweak.Chinesepeoplethinkindividualshouldbelongtothecollective;theythinkpeopleshouldbeunitedandfriendly;theythinkpeopleshouldcareforeachother.So,Chinesepeoplearewillingtoknowtheotherpeople’sthingsandtheothersalsowanttotellthem.Butwesternpeopleattachgreatimportancetothepersonalprivacy.Theywanttohavepersonalspaceandtheyarenotwillingtotellotherstheirownthings,theydonotevenwantotherstointerferetheirlife.So,therearemanyconflictsonprivacybetweenChinesepeopleandwesternpeople.Forexample,whenChinesepeoplemeeteachotherthefirsttime,theywouldliketoaskabouttheothers’age,marriage,family,professionandeventheirincome.Theythinkthisisapolitewaytocommunicatewitheachother,butintheeyesofwesternpeoplethesequestionsviolatetheirprivacy.

2.3Theconflictsonthesenseoftime

Thesenseoftimeofwesternpeopleiscloselylinkedtomoney.Theideathattimeismoneyhasformedintheirthought.So,theysetahighvalueontheirtimeinlife.Inthedailytime,westernpeoplehaveapreciseplanabouttheirtimeandtheyhaveagoodhabitofcomingtodateontime.Inwesterncountries,ifyouwanttocallonsomeone,youmustinformthemordatewiththembeforeyoucomeandyoushouldtellthemyourcomingpurpose,thetimeandtheplace.Afterbothofyoudiscussaboutit,youcanmakeitout.But,Chinesepeopleusetheirtimeattheirpleasure.Usually,Chinesepeoplewillnotdothingsasthewesternpeople,andwesternpeopleusuallyfeelunsuitableonthiscourse.Mostwesternpeoplespendtheirtimeinworkingandstudying,theyseldomspendalottimeineatingordoingsomethingelse.ButChinesepeoplespendmuchtimeonotherthings.

2.4Theconflictsontraditionalcultures

Chinesepeoplepayspecialattentiontomodesty.Whentheycommunicatewithothers,theyoftenrespectothersbutlookdownuponthemselves.TheythinkthisisavirtueandthisisapolitephenomenonwithChinesecharacteristics.WhenotherspraiseChinesepeople,theyoftenshowverymodest.Westerncountriesdonothavethisphenomenon,whentheyarepraised,theyareoftenveryhappyandsay“thankyou”tootherstoshowtheyacceptthepraise.Becauseoftheculturaldifference,ChinesepeopleoftenholdthatwesternpeoplearetooconfidentandignorantofthefactthatmodestyisonekindofpolitenessinChinesecultures.But,whenwesternpeopleknowChinesepeopledonotagreewithotherswhenotherspraisethemorwhenwesternpeopleknowChinesepeopledenytheirownachievement,westernpeoplewillfeelverysurprised,theythinkChinesepeoplearenothonest.Chinesearelikelytosay“Haveyoueatenyet?

”whenwemeetafriend.Itisonewayofexpressing“Hello”or“Hi”.ButafterhearingthisthewesternersaretendtothinkthattheirChinesefriendsareafraidtheyhavenotmoneyforeating.Thiskindofcognitiveconflictoffenoccursininterculturalcommunication.

2.5Theconflictsontablecustom

Chinesenationalityhasaexcellenttraditionofenthusiasmandhospitality.Inthesettingsofsocialcommunicationoronthebanquet,theenthusiasticChinesepeopleoftengivecigarettestoothersanddrinkwitheachother.WhenChinesepeopleholdaparty,eventherearealotfoodsonthetable,thehostoftensaysomeconventionalsentencessuchas“Ther