毕业设计外文翻译格式规范.docx
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毕业设计外文翻译格式规范.docx
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毕业设计外文翻译格式规范
外文翻译
院系
北方软件学院
专业
计算机科学与技术
班级
2401101
学号
20023011010
姓名
李 杰
指导教师
负责教师
沈阳航空航天大学
2014年6月
MicrosoftVisualStudio
1MicrosoftVisualStudio
VisualStudioincludesa codeeditor supporting IntelliSense aswellas coderefactoring.Theintegrated debugger worksbothasasource-leveldebuggerandamachine-leveldebugger.Otherbuilt-intoolsincludeaformsdesignerforbuilding GUI applications,webdesigner, classdesigner,and databaseschema designer.Itacceptsplug-insthatenhancethefunctionalityatalmosteverylevel—includingaddingsupportforsource-control systems(like Subversion and VisualSourceSafe)andaddingnewtoolsetslikeeditorsandvisualdesignersfor domain-specificlanguages ortoolsetsforotheraspectsofthe softwaredevelopmentlifecycle (likethe TeamFoundationServer client:
TeamExplorer).
VisualStudiosupportsdifferent programminglanguages bymeansoflanguageservices,whichallowthecodeeditoranddebuggertosupport(tovaryingdegrees)nearlyany programminglanguage,providedalanguage-specificserviceexists.Built-inlanguagesinclude C/C++ (via VisualC++), VB.NET (via VisualBasic.NET), C# (via VisualC#),and F# (asofVisualStudio2010).Supportforotherlanguagessuchas M,Python,and Ruby amongothersisavailablevialanguageservicesinstalledseparately.Italsosupports XML/XSLT, HTML/XHTML, JavaScriptand CSS.Individuallanguage-specificversionsofVisualStudioalsoexistwhichprovidemorelimitedlanguageservicestotheuser:
MicrosoftVisualBasic,VisualJ#,VisualC#,andVisualC++.
Microsoftprovides"Express"editionsofitsVisualStudio2010componentsVisualBasic,VisualC#,VisualC++,andVisualWebDeveloperatnocost.VisualStudio2010,2008and2005ProfessionalEditions,alongwithlanguage-specificversions(VisualBasic,C++,C#,J#)ofVisualStudio2005areavailableforfreetostudentsasdownloadsviaMicrosoft's DreamSpark program.
2Architecture
VisualStudiodoesnotsupportanyprogramminglanguage,solutionortoolintrinsically.Instead,itallowsplugginginvarioustypesoffunctionality.SpecificfunctionalityiscodedasaVSPackage.Wheninstalled,thefunctionalityisavailableasa Service.TheIDEprovidesthreeservices:
SVsSolution,whichprovidestheabilitytoenumerateprojectsandsolutions;SVsUIShell,whichprovideswindowingandUIfunctionality(includingtabs,toolbarsandtoolwindows);andSVsShell,whichdealswithregistrationofVSPackages.Inaddition,theIDEisalsoresponsibleforcoordinatingandenablingcommunicationbetweenservices. Alleditors,designers,projecttypesandothertoolsareimplementedasVSPackages.VisualStudiouses COM toaccesstheVSPackages.TheVisualStudio SDK alsoincludesthe ManagedPackageFramework (MPF),whichisasetof managed wrappersaroundtheCOM-interfacesthatallowthePackagestobewritteninany CLIcompliantlanguage. However,MPFdoesnotprovideallthefunctionalityexposedbytheVisualStudioCOMinterfaces. Theservicescanthenbeconsumedforcreationofotherpackages,whichaddfunctionalitytotheVisualStudioIDE.
SupportforprogramminglanguagesisaddedbyusingaspecificVSPackagecalleda LanguageService.AlanguageservicedefinesvariousinterfaceswhichtheVSPackageimplementationcanimplementtoaddsupportforvariousfunctionalities. Functionalitiesthatcanbeaddedthiswayincludesyntaxcoloring,statementcompletion,bracematching,parameterinformationtooltips,memberlistsanderrormarkersforbackgroundcompilation. Iftheinterfaceisimplemented,thefunctionalitywillbeavailableforthelanguage.Languageservicesaretobeimplementedonaper-languagebasis.Theimplementationscanreusecodefromtheparserorthecompilerforthelanguage.Languageservicescanbeimplementedeitherin
nativecode or managedcode.Fornativecode,eitherthenativeCOMinterfacesortheBabelFramework(partofVisualStudioSDK)canbeused. Formanagedcode,theMPFincludeswrappersforwritingmanagedlanguageservices.
VisualStudiodoesnotincludeany sourcecontrol supportbuiltinbutitdefinestwoalternativewaysforsourcecontrolsystemscanintegratewiththeIDE. ASourceControlVSPackagecanprovideitsowncustomiseduserinterface.Incontrast,asourcecontrolpluginusingthe MSSCCI (MicrosoftSourceCodeControlInterface)providesasetoffunctionsthatareusedtoimplementvarioussourcecontrolfunctionality,withastandardVisualStudiouserinterface. MSSCCIwasfirstusedtointegrate VisualSourceSafe withVisualStudio6.0butwaslateropenedupviatheVisualStudioSDK.VisualStudio.NET2002usedMSSCCI1.1,andVisualStudio.NET2003usedMSSCCI1.2.VisualStudio2005,2008and2010useMSSCCIVersion1.3,whichaddssupportforrenameanddeletepropagationaswellasasynchronousopening.
VisualStudiosupportsrunningmultipleinstancesoftheenvironment.Theinstancesusedifferentregistry hives (see MSDN's definition oftheterm"registryhive"inthesenseusedhere)tostoretheirconfigurationstateandaredifferentiatedbytheirAppId(ApplicationID).TheinstancesarelaunchedbyanAppId-specific.exethatselectstheAppId,setstheroothiveandlaunchestheIDE.VSPackagesregisteredforoneAppIdareintegratedwithotherVSPackagesforthatAppId.ThevariousproducteditionsofVisualStudioarecreatedusingthedifferentAppIds.The
VisualStudioExpress editionproductsareinstalledwiththeirownAppIds,buttheStandard,Professionaland TeamSuite productssharethesameAppId.Consequently,onecaninstalltheExpresseditionsside-by-sidewithothereditions,unliketheothereditionswhichupdatethesameinstallation.TheprofessionaleditionincludesasupersetoftheVSPackagesinthestandardeditionandtheteamsuiteincludesasupersetoftheVSPackagesinbothothereditions.TheAppIdsystemisleveragedbythe VisualStudioShell inVisualStudio2008.
3Features
3.1Codeeditor
VisualStudio,likeanyother IDE,includesa codeeditor thatsupports syntaxhighlighting and codecompletion using IntelliSense fornotonly variables,functions and methods butalsolanguageconstructslike loops and queries. IntelliSenseissupportedfortheincludedlanguages,aswellasfor XML andfor CascadingStyleSheets and JavaScript whendevelopingwebsitesand webapplications. Autocompletesuggestionsarepoppedupinamodelesslistbox,overlaidontopofthecodeeditor.InVisualStudio2008onwards,itcanbemadetemporarilysemi-transparenttoseethecodeobstructedbyit.Thecodeeditorisusedforallsupportedlanguages.
TheVisualStudiocodeeditoralsosupportssettingbookmarksincodeforquicknavigation.Othernavigationalaidsincludecollapsingcodeblocksandincrementalsearch,inadditiontonormaltextsearchand regex search. Thecodeeditoralsoincludesamulti-item clipboard andatasklist.Thecodeeditorsupportscodesnippets,whicharesavedtemplatesforrepetitivecodeandcanbeinsertedintocodeandcustomizedfortheprojectbeingworkedon.Amanagementtoolforcodesnippetsisbuiltinaswell.Thesetoolsaresurfacedasfloatingwindowswhichcanbesettoautomaticallyhidewhenunusedordockedtothesideofthescreen.TheVisualStudiocodeeditoralsosupports
coderefactoring includingparameterreordering,variableandmethodrenaming,interface extractionandencapsulationofclassmembersinsideproperties,amongothers.
VisualStudiofeaturesbackgroundcompilation(alsocalledincrementalcompilation). Ascodeisbeingwritten,VisualStudiocompilesitinthebackgroundinordertoprovidefeedbackaboutsyntaxandcompilationerrors,whichareflaggedwitharedwavyunderline.Warningsaremarkedwithagreenunderline.Backgroundcompilationdoesnotgenerateexecutablecode,sinceitrequiresadifferentcompilerthantheoneusedtogenerateexecutablecode. Backgroundcompilationwasinitiallyintroducedwith MicrosoftVisualBasic buthasnowbeenexpandedforallincludedlanguages.
3.2Debugger
VisualStudioincludesa debugger thatworksbothasasource-leveldebuggerandasamachine-leveldebugger.Itworkswithboth managedcode aswellas nativecode andcanbeusedfordebuggingapplicationswritteninanylanguagesupportedbyVisualStudio.Inaddition,itcanalsoattachtorunningprocessesandmonitoranddebugthoseprocesses. Ifsourcecodefortherunningprocessisavailable,itdisplaysthecodeasitisbeingrun.Ifsourcecodeisnotavailable,itcanshowthe disassembly.TheVisualStudiodebuggercanalsocreate memorydumps aswellasloadthemlaterfordebugging. Multi-threadedprogramsarealsosupported.ThedebuggercanbeconfiguredtobelaunchedwhenanapplicationrunningoutsidetheVisualStudioenvironmentcrashes.
Thedebuggerallowssettingbreakpoints(whichallowexecutiontobestoppedtemporarilyatacertainposition)andwatches(whichmonitorthevaluesofvariablesastheexecutionprogresses).Breakpointscanbeconditional,meaningtheygettriggeredwhentheconditionismet.Codecanbesteppedover,i.e.,runoneline(ofsourcecode)atatime.Itcaneither stepinto functionstodebuginsideit,or stepover it,i.e.,theexecutionofthefunctionbodyisn'tavailableformanualinspection.Thedebuggersupports EditandContinue,i.e.,itallowscodetobeeditedasitisbeingdebugged.Whendebugging,ifthemousepointerhoversoveranyvariable,itscurrentvalueisdisplayedinatooltip("datatooltips"),whereitcanalsobemodifiedifdesired.Duringcoding,theVisualStudiodebuggerletscertainfunctionsbeinvokedmanuallyfromthe Immediate toolwindow.TheparameterstothemethodaresuppliedattheImmediate
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