实验九内部网关OSPF.docx
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实验九内部网关OSPF.docx
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实验九内部网关OSPF
实训九、内部网关协议OSPF(2学时)
【实训目的】:
1.掌握路由器基本命令操作。
2.掌握单区域OSPF路由协议的基本配置过程。
3.理解链路状态路由协议的工作过程。
【实训内容】:
1.掌握路由器基本命令操作。
2.掌握OSPF路由协议的基本配置过程。
【实训设备】:
微型计算机、Windows操作系统、模拟软件。
【实训拓扑】:
【实训过程】:
1、参照实验二、按照用一下表所示配置所有接口的IP地址,保证所有接口都处于UP状态,并测试其连通性。
Router1
Router2
S1/0
192.168.1.1/24
S1/0
192.168.1.2/24
2、查看路由器R1的路由信息
3、配置命令如下:
【实训步骤】:
第一步:
路由器环回接口的配置(其他接口配置请参见实验三)
路由器A:
Router-A(config)#interfaceloopback0
Router-A(config-if)#ipaddress10.10.10.1255.255.255.0
路由器B:
Router-B#config
Router-B(config)#interfaceloopback0
Router-B(config-if)#ipaddress10.10.11.1255.255.255.0
第二步:
验证接口配置
Router-A#showinterfaceloopback0
Loopback0isup,lineprotocolisup
HardwareisLoopback
Internetaddressis10.10.10.1/24
MTU1514bytes,BW8000000Kbit,DLY5000usec,
reliability255/255,txload1/255,rxload1/255
EncapsulationLOOPBACK
Router-B#shinterfaceloopback0
10.10.11.1255.255.255.0
Loopback0isup,lineprotocolisup
HardwareisLoopback
Interfaceaddressis10.10.11.1/24
MTU1514bytes,BW8000000kbit,DLY500usec
EncapsulationLOOPBACK
第三步:
路由器的OSPF配置
A的配置:
Router-A(config)#routerospf2!
启动OSPF进程,进程号为2
Router-A(config-router)#network10.10.10.0255.255.255.0area0!
注意要写掩码和区域
Router-A(config-router)#network192.168.1.0255.255.255.0area0
B的配置:
Router-B(config)#routerospf1
Router-B(config-router)#network10.10.11.0255.255.255.0area0
Router-B(config-router)#network192.168.1.0255.255.255.0area0
第四步:
查看路由表
路由器A:
Router-A#shiproute
Codes:
C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGP
D-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterarea
N1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2
E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2
i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2
ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticroute
o-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticroute
Gatewayoflastresortisnotset
10.0.0.0/8isvariablysubnetted,2subnets,2masks
O10.10.11.1/32[110/65]via192.168.1.2,00:
00:
09,Serial1/0
C10.10.10.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Loopback0
C192.168.1.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/0
!
注意到环回接口产生的是主机路由
路由器B:
Router-B#showiproute
Codes:
C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGP
D-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterarea
N1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2
E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2
i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2
ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticroute
o-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticroute
Gatewayoflastresortisnotset
10.0.0.0/8isvariablysubnetted,2subnets,2masks
C10.10.11.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Loopback0
O10.10.10.1/32[110/65]via192.168.1.1,00:
02:
09,Serial1/0注意管理距离为110
C192.168.1.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/0
第五步:
其他验证命令
Router-B#shipospf1
RoutingProcess"ospf1"withID10.10.11.1
!
显示该OSPF进程的信息
Distance:
intra-area110,inter-area110,external150
SPFscheduledelay5secs,HoldtimebetweentwoSPFs10secs
SPFTV:
11
(1),TOs:
24,SCHDs:
27
AllRtrssupportDemand-Circuit.
Numberofareasis1
AREA:
0
Numberofinterfaceinthisareais2(UP:
3)
Areaauthenticationtype:
None
AllRtrsinthisareasupportDemand-Circuit.
Router-A#showipospfinterace
Serial1/1isup,lineprotocolisup
InternetAddress:
192.168.1.1/24
Nettype:
Point-to-Point
!
显示OSPF接口状态和类型
Serial1/0isup,lineprotocolisup
InternetAddress192.168.1.1/24,Area0
ProcessID2,RouterID10.10.10.1,NetworkTypePOINT_TO_POINT,Cost:
64
TransmitDelayis1sec,StatePOINT_TO_POINT
Timerintervalsconfigured,Hello10,Dead40,Wait40,Retransmit5
oob-resynctimeout40
Helloduein00:
00:
07
SupportsLink-localSignaling(LLS)NeighborCountis1,NeighborCountis1,Adjacentneighborcountis1
Adjacentwithneighbor10.10.11.1
Suppresshellofor0neighbor(s)
Serial1/1isup,lineprotocolisdown
InternetAddress192.168.1.1/24,Area0
ProcessID2,RouterID10.10.10.1,NetworkTypePOINT_TO_POINT,Cost:
64
TransmitDelayis1sec,StateDOWN
Timerintervalsconfigured,Hello10,Dead40,Wait40,Retransmit5
oob-resynctimeout40
Router-A#shipospfneighbor
!
显示OSPF邻居
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
第六步:
修改环回接口的网络类型
Router-A#conf
Router-A(config)#interfaceloopback0
Router-A(config-if)#ipospfnetworkpoint-to-point
第七步:
查看接口状态和路由器B的路由表
Router-A#shipospfinterface
Loopback0isup,lineprotocolisup
InternetAddress10.10.10.1/24,Area0
ProcessID2,RouterID10.10.10.1,NetworkTypePOINT_TO_POINT,Cost:
1
TransmitDelayis1sec,StatePOINT_TO_POINT
Timerintervalsconfigured,Hello10,Dead40,Wait40,Retransmit5
oob-resynctimeout40
SupportsLink-localSignaling(LLS)
CiscoNSFhelpersupportenabled
IETFNSFhelpersupportenabled
Index1/1,floodqueuelength0
Next0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Lastfloodscanlengthis0,maximumis0
Lastfloodscantimeis0msec,maximumis0msec
NeighborCountis0,Adjacentneighborcountis0
Suppresshellofor0neighbor(s)
Serial1/0isup,lineprotocolisup
InternetAddress192.168.1.1/24,Area0
ProcessID2,RouterID10.10.10.1,NetworkTypePOINT_TO_POINT,Cost:
64
TransmitDelayis1sec,StatePOINT_TO_POINT
Timerintervalsconfigured,Hello10,Dead40,Wait40,Retransmit5
oob-resynctimeout40
Helloduein00:
00:
04
SupportsLink-localSignaling(LLS)
Router-B#shiproute
Codes:
C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGP
D-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterarea
N1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2
E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2
i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2
ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticroute
o-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticroute
Gatewayoflastresortisnotset
10.0.0.0/24issubnetted,2subnets
O10.10.10.0[110/65]via192.168.1.1,00:
06:
36,Serial1/0
C10.10.11.0isdirectlyconnected,Loopback0
C192.168.1.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Serial1/0
七、配置序列
Router-A#showrunning-conf
Buildingconfiguration...
Currentconfiguration:
!
!
version1.3.2E
servicetimestampslogdate
servicetimestampsdebugdate
noservicepassword-encryption
!
hostnameRouter-A
!
!
interfaceLoopback0
ipaddress10.10.10.1255.255.255.0
noipdirected-broadcast
ipospfnetworkpoint-to-point
!
interfaceFastEthernet0/0
ipaddress192.168.0.1255.255.255.0
noipdirected-broadcast
shutdown
!
interfaceSerial1/0
noipaddress
noipdirected-broadcast
physical-layerspeed64000
!
interfaceSerial1/1
ipaddress192.168.1.1255.255.255.0
noipdirected-broadcast
physical-layerspeed64000
!
interfaceAsync0/0
noipaddress
noipdirected-broadcast
!
!
routerospf2
network192.168.1.0255.255.255.0area0
network10.10.10.0255.255.255.0area0
!
!
八、共同思考
1.OSPF与RIP有哪些区别?
2.环回接口有什么好处?
九、课后练习
请将地址改为10.0.0.0/24重复以上实验
【实训要求及成绩评定】:
1.实训要求:
(1)请使用模拟软件完成本实训。
(2)写出在实训过程中涉及到的知识点及难点,遇到的问题和解决的办法,有哪些收获。
2.成绩评定:
(1)1-4题各25分。
(2)按照要求完成各题方可得满分。
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