安徽省芜湖市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解基础演练3.docx

安徽省芜湖市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解基础演练3.docx

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安徽省芜湖市高考英语二轮复习阅读理解基础演练3

安徽芜湖市2016高考英语阅读理解（二轮）基础演练（3）

Peoplewhoaveragedfewerthansevenhoursofsleeppernightintheweeksbeforebeingexposedtothecoldviruswerenearlythreetimesaslikelytogetsickasthosewhoaveragedeighthoursormore,anewstudyfound.

Researchersusedfrequenttelephoneinterviewstotrackthesleephabitsofmorethan150menandwomenaged21to55overthelastfewweeks.Thentheyexposedthesubjectstothevirus,quarantined（检疫隔离）themforfivedaysandkepttrackofwhogotsick.

Besidessleepingmore,sleepingbetteralsoseemedtohelpthebodyfightillness:

Patientswhofaredbetteronameasureknownas“sleepefficiency”—thepercentageoftimeinbedthatyou’reactuallysleeping—werealsolesslikelytogetsick.

Theresultsheldtrueevenafterresearchersadjustedforelementssuchasbody-massindex,age,sex,smokingandpre-existingantibodies（抗体）tothevirus.

Theresearchersaren’texactlysurewhysleepingbettermakesyoulesslikelytodevelopacold.Buttheydotrytogiveananswer:

“Sleepdisturbanceinfluencestheregulationofsymptommediators（调节因子）thatarereleasedinresponsetoinfection.”InplainEnglish,maybetossingandturningwhenyou’reinfectedwiththecoldviruscontributestothesymptomsthatdefineacold.

TheresearcherswerebasedatCarnegieMellon,theUniversityofPittsburghandtheUniversityofVirginia,andthestudywasfundedbytheNationalInstitutesofHealth.

60.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoestheunderlinedword“subjects”meaninparagraph2?

A.areasofknowledgeinaschoolB.peoplebeingstudiedinanexperiment

C.researchtopicsD.animalsbeingtested

61.Itisshowninthepassagethat_______.

A.theresearchersobtaininformationaboutthesleephabitsbyfrequentinterviews

B.theresearchersdotheirresearchintheNationalInstitutesofHealth

C.peoplehopetoavoidbeinginfectedwithacoldbysleepingasmuchaspossible

D.sleepingmoreandbetterhelpsregulatethesymptommediators

62.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.TheRelationshipBetweenVirusandCold

B.HowtoSleepWell

C.GoodSleepHelpsFightaCold

D.TheMoretheSleep,theBetterYourBody

【参考答案】60-62BDC

阅读理解

Farm-raisedpigsaredirty,smellyanimalsthatgetnorespect.They’realsoanenvironmentalhazard.Theirmanure（粪便）containsphosphorus（磷），which,whenitrains,runsoffintolakesandrivers,consumingoxygen,killingfish,stimulatingalgae（藻类）overgrowthandemittinggreenhousegases.

Doingawaywiththepigisnotanoption.Pigsprovidemoredietaryprotein,morecheaply,tomorepeoplethananyotheranimal.NorthernEuropestillmaintainsthehighestpig-to-humanratio（比率）intheworld（2-1inDenmark）,butEastAsiaiscatchingup.Duringthe1990s,porkproductiondoubledinVietnamandgrewby70percentinChina—alongdenselypopulatedcoastlines,pigdensityexceeds100animalspersquarekilometer.Theresultingpollutionis“threateningfragilecoastalmarinehabitatsincludingmangroves（红树林），coralreefsandseagrasses,”accordingtoareportreleasedinFebruarybytheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations.

Asitturnsout,thereisasolutiontothepigproblem,butitrequiresachangeofmind-setamongenvironmentalistsandthepublic.TwoCanadianscientistshavecreatedapigwhosemanuredoesn’tcontainverymuchphosphorusatall.Ifthisvarietyofpigwereadoptedwidely,Itcouldgreatlyreduceamajorsourceofpollution.ButtheEnviropig,astheycallit,istheproductofgeneticmodification—whichisanathema（忌讳）tomanyWesterners.

TheEnviropigisoneofmanynewtechnologiesthatareputtingenvironmentalistsandorganic-foodsupportersinaquandary:

shouldtheyremaincategorically（无条件）opposedtogeneticallymodified（GM）foodsevenattheexpenseoftheenvironment?

Elsewhere,treesgrownforpapercouldbemadeamenabletomuchmoreefficientprocessing,reducingbothenergyusageandtoxicchemicalbleach（漂白剂）inwastewaterfrompapermills.ThemostsignificantGMapplicationswillbeonesthathelplessentheproblemofagriculture,whichaccountsfor38percentoftheworld’slandmassandiscrowdingoutnaturalecosystemsandspecieshabitats.

Chancesare,farmerswillcontinuetogrowtheirpollutingorganicpork,theirallergenic（引起过敏的）organicsoyandtheirneurotoxin（神经毒素）sprayedorganicapples.Worsestill,theywillmakesurethatnooneelsegetsachoiceinthematterofimprovingtheconditionsoflifeonearth—unless,thatis,othersriseupanddemandanalternative.

11.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Pigsbringmoredestructionthanbenefittohumanbeings.

B.Noothercountrieshavethehigherpercentageofpig-to-humanthanEastAsia.

C.Theporkproductionhasincreasedto70％inChina.

D.Thepollutionbroughtbypigsisakillertothecreatureofthesea.

12.ThereasonaccountingforthehesitationtoaccepttheideaoftheEnviropigis__________.

A.thepoortechnologyB.thehighcost

C.themoralconceptD.thedoubtfromthepublic

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“quandary”mean?

A.anagreementB.anegotiation

C.adilemmaD.anadventure

14.Thenegativeinfluencebroughtbythetraditionalagricultureis_________-.

A.morelivingspaceoccupationB.morecropimprovement

C.morefoodproductionD.morechemicalapplication

15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.HowtoRaisePigsB.WhethertochoosetheGMFoods

C.What’sGMFoodsD.ThePollutionBroughtbyPigs

  【参考答案】11—15、DCCAB

【2014界黑龙江省哈三中高三上第三次验收考试】C

TheHappiestCitiesOnEarth

Ifyou’relookingforacheerydestinationforyournextvacation,considerthesefourspotsandgetreadytotakenotesonhowtoreallylivethegoodlife.

Singapore

Withoneofthehighestpopulationdensities（密度）intheworldandresidentsknownforbeingworkaholics,it’shardtoimaginethecity-stateofSingaporehavingoneofthehappiestpopulationsonearth.Andyetinarecentsurvey,95%ofthemsaidtheywereeitherveryhappyorquitehappy.

Theygivetheircityhighmarksforcleanlinessandsafety—subwaysarepristine（洁净的）andunfailinglyarriveontime,andpoliceareseenashelpfulandgoodattheirjobs.What’smore,theyfeeltheycancountontheirneighbours—all5.1millionofthem.

Arhus,Denmark

TheresidentsofArhuscheerfullypartwith68%oftheirincomeintaxes,knowingthatinreturntheywillbeguaranteedfreehealthcare,freedaycare,andatop-notch（第一流的）educationfortheirchildren.

Anenergeticcityof300,000withalivelyculturalsceneandadiversenumberofreligionsrepresented,thesenseofequality（therangeinincomesisnarrow）,aswellaseasyaccesstothenearbyseaandsurroundingcountryside,makeArhusseemmorelikeasmalltown.

SanLuisObispo,CA

Accordingtoa2008Gallup-Healthwaysstudy,peoplewholiveinSanLuisObispoaremorelikelythanresidentsofotherU.S.citiestosmileandexperiencejoyandarelesslikelytoexperiencepainordepression.About64,000ofthe260,000peopleinthegreatermetropolitanarea（都市区）,locatedhalfwaybetweenLosAngelesandSanFrancisco,volunteeratover11,000non-profitorganizations.

Fewjourneystoworkarelongerthan10minutes（onereasonitsmembersrankintheupperthirdforjobsatisfaction）,so“it’seasytobeinvolved,”residentPierreRademakersaid.Businesssignsareunobtrusive（不显眼的）bylaw,fewerthan11%ofresidentssmoke—thelowerrateintheU.S.—therearelotsofbikelanes,andthecity’splazadrawscrowdsofpeopleforfreeconcertsonsummerFridays.What’snottolove?

Monterrey,Mexico

ThepeopleofMonterreydon’tenjoyhighhouseholdincomesoraccesstogoodhealthcare.Instead,there’saprofoundsenseofgratitudeforthenewpoliticalfreedomenjoyedsincetheoppressiveInstitutionalRevolutionaryPartylostpowerin2000—thefirsttimeinnearlyacentury—aswellasanemphasisonsociallifeoverwork.

AnotherreasonMonterreyresidentsmaybesohappyistheirfaithinGodandfamily,andtheirabilitytotoughitoutthroughbadtimes.

“Welaughatsickness,povertyandevendeath,”saysBasanez,apoliticalscientistwholivesinMonterrey.“Weevenhaveaholidaytocelebratedeath.November2,theDayoftheDead,isoneofthebiggestholidaysoftheyear.”

63.Accordingtothepassage,whatdotheresidentsinthefourcitieshaveincommon?

A.Alltheresidentscanmakegreatfortunesbyworkinghard.

B.Theresidentstherearemostlyeducators.

C.Alltheresidentsenjoyenoughmaterialwealth.

D.Themajorityoftheresidentsaresatisfiedwiththeircurrentlife.

64.Accordingtothepassage,wecaninferthat_______.

A.thepeopleofSingaporeexpecttheirneighbourstocometotheirhelpwhennecessary

B.thepeopleofMonterreyevenobserveone’sdeathonaspecialdayofayear

C.theresidentsofArhushappilypay68%oftheirincomefortheirchildren’seducationfee

D.thepeoplewholiveinSanLuisObispohavejobsatisfactionbecausetheycanenjoygoodworkingconditions

65.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

A.ThepeopleofMonterreydidn’tenjoypoliticalfreedomuntil2000.

B.TheresidentsinSingaporefeelhappybecauseofitslowpopulationdensity.

C.ThepeopleofSanLuisObispocanenjoyfreeconcertsinsummer.

D.Arhusishandytotheseasideandcountryside.

66.Whatcanwelearnfromtheunderlinedpart“thesenseofequality”?

A.TheresidentsofArhushavenoracialdiscrimination.

B.Arhusisconsideredasafamilysharingeverythingwitheachother.

C.ThereisnowidegapbetweentherichandthepoorinArhus.

D.TheresidentsofArhuscandependontheirneighbourstohelp.

【参考答案】63-66DABC

阅读理解

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