广州市六区届高三教学质量检测一英语.docx
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广州市六区届高三教学质量检测一英语.docx
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广州市六区届高三教学质量检测一英语
广州市六区2021届高三9月教学质量检测
(一)
英语
本试卷共8页,满分120分,考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、学号填写在答题卡上,并用2B铅笔在答题卡的相
应位置填涂考生号。
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动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。
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3.回答非选择题时,必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内
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4.考试结束,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Airplanesareknownfor“making”peoplesick.Fortunately,I’vegottheinsidescooponsomepracticesthatwillkeepyouhealthyontheplaneandaheadstartonstayinghealthyduringyourtravels.
StarttakingimmunitysupportproductsBEFOREyoubeginyourtrip.
Immunitysupportproductscomeinavarietyofforms.Theyaredesignedtoprepareyourbodyforphysicalstressbyloadingyouuponthevitamins,mineralsandantioxidants(抗氧化)thatsupportgreatimmunesystemfunctioning.
Ifyourbodyisweakatthebeginningofthetrip,anygermorbacteriaisgoingtohaveeasyaccesstoyoursystem.Getthosedefensesinplaceafewdaysbeforetravelandgiveyourbodythebestchancetostayhealthy.
Antibacterialwipesareyourbestfriend.
Takeaminutetothinkaboutthatairplane.Howmanypeoplearetouchingliterallyeverysurfacewithhandsthathaveblockedasneeze,beencoughedinto,heldthehandrailofthemovingsidewalk?
Takealongplentyofindividuallywrappedantibacterialwipesandusethemeverywhere.Wipedownthearmrests,theseatbeltbuckle,thetraytableandtheremotecontrolforthein-flightentertainment.
Wearslip-onshoes.
Manyarticlesinstructpassengerstowearsocksontheairplaneforcomfort.However,ifyouwalkdowntheaisleinyoursocks,orevenworse,usetherestroom,thebottomofthosesocksaregoingtopickupallkindsofdirt.Sowearshoeswhenyoumovearoundontheplane!
Letyourshoesprovideabarriertowhatevermightbelyingonthefloor.
1.Whydoplaneseasilymakepeoplesickaccordingtothewriter?
A.Peoplelackpracticetokeepfit.
B.Therearemanybacteriaontheplane.
C.Peoplehavetoomuchentertainmentduringtheflight.
D.People’simmunesystemfailstoworkontheplane.
2.Howcanweprotectourselvesfromgettingsickontheplane?
A.Bywearingsocks.
B.Bystoppingfeelingstressful.
C.Byblockingcoughingwithhands.
D.Bytakingsomesupportiveproducts.
3.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.AdviceonsafetyB.Aworthwhiletrip
C.StayhealthyonaflightD.Becarefulofyourflight
B
WhenRachelRatellesawanewsvideoofaburnedkoalatryingtoclimbatreetosafetyinfire-ravaged(火灾肆虐的)Australia,shedecidedtodosomethingaboutit.
ShelookedupwildliferescueandreliefagenciesinAustraliatofindoutwhattheyneededmost.Besidesdonations,manyorganizationsaskedforhand-sewnandknittedpouches(袋子)andwrapsforkoalasandotheranimalsthatwereburnedorhadlosttheirhomesandparentsinthefires.
ThisideaattractedRatelle,buttherewasjustoneproblem.
“I’dneversewninmylife,”saidRatelle,17,asenioratRanchoBuenaVistaHighSchoolinVista,US.“Givingmoneyseemedlikesomethingtoosimple.ButIwantedtodirectlyhelptheseanimalsbydoingsomethingmyself,soIdecidedtolearnhowtosew.”
Overthenextfewmonths,Ratelleboughtherownsewingmachineandtaughtherselfhowtosewviavideosonline.Thenshebought18yardsoffabricandsewed25pouchesofdifferentsizesandshippedthemofftoFirAustralianWildlifeNeedingAid(FAWNA),oneofseveralrelieforganizationsthathaverushedtorescuekoalas,kangaroosandotherspeciessufferingfromburns.
Aweeklater,shereceivedaphotofromFAWNAwithababykangarooinoneofherlargerpouches.“ItmademefeellikeIcontributedtotheworldanditshowedhowasimpleactofkindnesscangoalongway,”saidRatelle,whohopestostudybiologyforafuturecareerasanursepractitioner.
“Iplantousemynewsewingskillstohelpanimalsandpeopledevastatedbynaturaldisaster,”shesaid.
SeveralcraftunionwebsitesaroundtheworldhavecalledforAustralianreliefbymakingtheanimalpouches.KarenNewberryandhertwodaughtersMadison,12andRochelle,8,fromSanDiegoalsoofferedtheirhelpinsuchaway.ForNewberry, “Itwasabigpushthatmadeuscrafters,sewersrealizethere’ssomethingmorewecandothanjustmakethingsforourselves,”shesaid.
4.Whatdothefirsttwoparagraphsmainlytalkabout?
A.WhatinspiredRatelletolearntosew.
B.Whatisneededtosavekoalasandotherspecies.
C.ThepoorlivingconditionsofwildanimalsinAustralia.
D.DifferentwaystohelpkoalasandotheranimalsinAustralia.
5.HowdidRatellefeelwhenshereceivedaphotofromFAWNA?
A.Surprised.B.Calm.C.Proud.D.Moved.
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devastated”mean?
A.RuinedB.ChallengedC.ReducedD.Abandoned
7.WhatdoNewberry’swordsinthelastparagraphsuggest?
A.Peopleshouldstayunitedthroughdifficulttimes.
B.LifeisnoteasyforcraftersandsewersinAustralia.
C.Itischallengingforcraftersandsewerstodoreliefwork.
D.Craftersandsewerscandomoretohelpanimals.
C
Asspringarrives,farmersaroundtheworldaremakingdecisionsaboutwhatcropstoplantandhowtomanagethem.IntheU.S.,farmerstypicallyhavebigdatatohelpmakethesedecisions.
Thesedatahaveaclearupside.Theymakefarmsmoreproductive.IntheU.S.,thepastfiveyearshaveseenaseriesofgoodharvestsforbothcornandsoybean.Abigpartisgeneratedbyeffectivelyusingdatatoproducemorefoodfromthesameamountofland,seedandfertilizer.
Inthepoorerpartsoftheworld,however,thepictureismuchdifferent.Manyfarmersareguidedonlybytheirhistorywiththelandandtheircommunity’straditions.Theirskillsandknowledgeareimpressive,buttheysufferfromapovertyofdata.Theyrelyontechnicaladvisorsforadvicefromgovernmentsandacademiccenterswhooftenhaveverylittleknowledgeofthelocalarea.Forseedsandfertilizersandothermaterialsusedinthefield,theyrelyoncompaniesthatlackdataonhowtheirproductswillperforminthelocalconditions.
About10yearsago,EastAfricanofficialsandtheirdevelopmentpartnersstartedtoexplorewhysofewsmallholderdairyfarmersmadeprofitsfromgrowingdemandfromurbanconsumers.Surveysoffarmersintheregionsuggestedpooraccesstoveterinary(禽畜的)careandbreedingassistance.Anefforttoprovidetheseserviceshashelpedfarmersgetmoremilk.
Datawouldmatterlittleiffarmingwaseasyandthepathstoproductivitywereobvious.Butinreality,agricultureisacomplexmixofmanyfactors,includingclimate,biology,chemistry,physics,economicsandculture—allofwhichvaryfromregiontoregion.Inthissituation,gooddataisnecessary.
8.HowhasbigdatabenefitedAmerican’sfarmers?
A.Byinformingthefarmerstoplantcropsearlier.
B.Byhelpingmakefarmsmoreproductive.
C.Byincreasingtheamountoflandforfarming.
D.Byproducingmoreseedsandfertilizer.
9.Whatdofarmersinpoorcountriesneedtoimprovetheirfarming?
A.Farmingskills..B.Technicalguidance.
C.Bigdata.D.Farmingmaterials
10.WhydoesthewritermentionthecaseofEastAfrica?
A.ToshowthatEastAfricareliesheavilyondiaryfarming.
B.Toillustratecooperationbetweencountrieswasagreatsuccess.
C.Toserveasanexampleofhowdatahelpsfarmersinpoorareas.
D.ToprovethatcitypeopleinEastAfricadidn’tlikedrinkingmilk.
11.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A.Manychangeablefactorshaveinfluenceonfarming.
B.EastAfricandairyfarmerswereexperiencedinraisingcows.
C.TheAmericanfarmerscan’tdecidewhattheywillplant.
D.Thetechnicaladvisorsinpoorareasknowthelocalareaswell.
D
Smile!
Itmakeseveryoneintheroomfeelbetterbecausethey,consciouslyorunconsciously,aresmilingwithyou.Growingevidenceshowsthataninstinctforfacialmimicry(模仿)allowsustoexperienceotherpeople’sfeelings.Ifwecan’tmirroranotherperson’sface,itlimitsourabilitytoreadandproperlyreacttotheirexpressions.AreviewofthisemotionalmirroringappearsonFebruary11inTrendsinCognitiveSciences.
Intheirpaper,PaulaNiedenthalandAdrienneWood,socialpsychologistsattheUniversityofWisconsin,describehowpeopleinsocialsituationscopyothers’facialexpressionstocreateemotionalresponsesinthemselves.Forexample,ifyou’rewithafriendwholookssad,youmight“tryon”thatsadfaceyourselfwithoutrealizingyou’redoingso.In“tryingon”yourfriend’sexpression,ithelpsyoutorecognizewhatthey’refeelingbyconnectingitwithtimesinthepastwhenyoumadethatexpression.Humansgetthisemotionalmeaningfromfacialexpressionsinamatterofonlyafewhundredmilliseconds.
“Youreflectonyouremotionalfeelingsandthenyouproducesomesortofrecognitionjudgment,andthemostimportantthingthatresultsinisthatyoutaketheappropriateaction—youapproachthepersonoryouavoidtheperson,”Niedenthalsays.“Yourownemotionalreactiontothefacechangesyourunderstandingofhowyouseethefaceinsuchawaythatprovidesyouwithmoreinformationaboutwhatitmeans.”
Aperson’sabilitytorecognizeand“share”others’emotionscanbepreventedwhentheycan’tmimicfaces.Thisisacommoncomplaintforpeoplewithmotordiseases,likefacialparalysis(瘫痪)fromastroke,orevenduetonervedamagefromplasticsurgery.Niedenthalnotesthatthesamewouldnotbetrueforpeoplewhosufferfrombirth,becauseifyou’veneverhadtheabilitytomimicfacialexpressions,youwillhavedevelopedanotherwaysofinterpretingemotions.
Niedenthalnextwantstoexplorewhatpartinthebrainisfunctioningtohelpw
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