初中英语语法专项习题1名词.docx
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初中英语语法专项习题1名词.docx
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初中英语语法专项习题1名词
初中英语语法专项习题1名词
初中英语语法专项习题
一、名词(n.)表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词
(一)名词的分类
名词分为普通名词和专有名词,其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词,可数名词可用作单数,也可用作复数。
可数名词包括个体名词(表示一类人或物的个体。
如:
boy,desk,cat,window)和集体名词(由若干
个体组成的集合体。
如:
family,class,police)。
不可数名词包括物质名词(表示无法分为个体的实物。
如:
water,paper,silk,money)和抽象名词(表示性质、行为、状态、感情或其它抽象概念。
如:
work,happiness,music,difficulty,housework)
专有名词表示个人、地方、机构、组织等。
如:
Tom,theGreatWall,theSpringFestival,France,theUnitedStates)
(二)名词的数
1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种:
(1)一般情况下,在词尾加s.
eg.book——books,dog——dogs,pen——pens,boy——boy
eg.photo(photograph)——photos,kilo(kilogram)kilos
⑤zero变复数时,既可加s,也可加eg.zeros/zeroes
(5)以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,先把f或fe变为v,再加es.
eg.wife——wives,leafleaves,half——halves,knife—knives,thief——thieves(res读音为[vz]
(注意:
roof的复数为roofs;scarf的复数为scarfs/scarves)
(6)有些名词由单数变复数时,不是在词尾加s或es,而是变换其中的字
eg.man——men,woman——women,policeman——policemen,Englishman——Englishmen,Frenchman——Frenchmen,foot——feet,tooth——teeth,child——children,mouse—mice,Ox—Oxen(公牛)
(7)还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。
eg.Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish
(8)另一些名词本身即是复数形式,不可用作单数。
eg,people,police,trousers,pants,clothes,scissors
另外,①当一个名词作定语说明另一个名词时,这个名词一般用单数。
eg.anappletree,fiveappletrees,agirlfriend,twogirlfriends,atwinsister
但是,当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时,就要用其复数形式。
eg.twomenteachers,threewomendoctors
②可用“量词+of+名词复数”这一结构表示可数名词的数量。
eg.aroomOfstudents,twoboxesOfpencils
2.不可数名词一般没有复数形式,它的“量”的表示方式如下。
(1)表不定数量时,一般用much,(a)little,alotof/lotsof,some,any等词修饰。
eg,muchmoney,alittlebread
(2)表确定数量时,一般用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词。
如:
two/three/…+量词复数十of+不可数名词。
eg.abagOfrice,twoglassesOfmilk,fourbottlesOfwater
3.有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词,但词义有所不同。
eg:
fruit水果——fruits表示不同种类的水果;food食物——foods各种食品;fish鱼——fishes鱼的种类;drink饮料、酒——adrink一杯/一份饮料、一杯酒;cloth布——,acloth桌布、抹布;sand沙——sands沙滩;tea茶——atea一杯茶;chicken鸡肉——achicken小鸡;orange橘汁——anorange橘子;glass玻璃——aglass玻璃杯,glasses眼镜;paper纸——apaper试卷、论文;wood木头——awood小森林;room空间、余地——aroom房间
(三)名词的所有格(表示人或物的所属关系)
(1)有生命的名词所有格以及表示时间、距离、城镇、国家等的名词所有格。
①不是以s结尾的名词变成所有格时,在词尾加’s.
eg.Mike’swatch;Women’sDay
②以s结尾的名词变成所有格时,只加’。
eg.teachers’office,students’rooms
③两个或两个以上名词并列,表示共同所有,只需在最后一个名词后加’s.
eg.TomandMike’sroom汤姆和迈克的房间(表示汤姆和迈克共有一间房)
④两个或两个以上名词并列,表示分别所有,需在几个名词后都加’s.
eg.Mary’sandJenny’sbikes玛丽和詹妮的自行车(表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车)
(2)无生命的事物的名词所有格常用of结构
eg.amapOfChina,thebeginningOfthisgame,thedoorOftheroom
(3)特殊形式
①可用’s和of短语表示的名词所有格
eg.theboy’sname=thenameOftheboy(男孩的名字)
thedog’slegs=thelegsofthedog(狗的腿)
China’spopulation=thepopulationOfChina(中国的人口)
China’scapital=thecapitalofChina(中国的首都)
②双重所有格
eg.afiendofmymother’s我妈妈的一个朋友
apictureofTom’s汤姆的一张图片
练习题
1.
()1Shewasveryhappy.Sheinthemathstest.
A.makesafewmistakeB.madeafewmistakes
C.madefewmistakesD.makesfewmistake
()2Weneedsomemore____.Canyougoandgetsome,please?
A.potatoB.potatosC.potatoesD.potatoe
()3_____are____forcuttingthings.
A.Knife/usedB.Knives/used
B.C.Knife/usingD.Knives/using
()4Whatbig____thetigerhas!
A.toothB.teethC.toothsD.toothes
()5Pleaseremembertogivethehorsesometree___.
A.leafsB.leavesC.leafD.leave
()6-Canwehavesome___?
-Yes,please.
A.bananaB.orangesC.appleD.pear
()7Onthetabletherearefive____.
A.tomatosB.pieceoftomatoesC.tomatoesD.tomato
2
()1Theygotmuch___fromthosenewbooks.
A.ideasB.photosC.informationD.stories
()2Hegaveus____onhowtokeepfit.
A.someadvicesB.someadviceC.anadviceD.aadvice
()3Whenwesawhisface,weknew___wasbad.
A.somenewsB.anewsC.thenewsP.news
()4What___lovelyweatheritis!
A./B.theC.anD.a
3
()1-Wouldyoulike___tea?
-No,thanks.Ihavedrunktwo____.
A.any,bottlesoforangeB.some,bottlesoforange
C.many,bottlesoforangesD.few,bottleoforanges
()2Heishungry.Givehim___toeat.
A.twobreadsB.twopieceofbread
C.twopiecesofbreadD.twopiecesofbreads
()3Itreallytookhim:
___todrawthenicehorse.
A.sometimesB.hourC.longtimeD.sometime
()4Iwouldliketohave___.
A.twoglassesofmilkB.twoglassofmilkI
C.twoglassesofmilksD.twoglassofmilks
()5Canyougiveme____?
A.ateaB.somecupofteaC.acupteaD.acupoftea
()6Pleasegiveme___paper.A.oneB.apieceC.aD.apieceof
()7Johnbought___forhimselfyesterday.
A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoeC.twopairofshoesD.twopairsshoes
4
()1-Howmany____haveyougotonyourfarm?
-I'vegotfive.
A.sheepsB.sheepC.pigD.chicken
()2Some___cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.
A.GermansB.GermenC.GermanyD.Germanies
()3Inthepicturetherearemany____andtwo.
A.sheep;foxesC.sheeps;foxes
B.sheeps;foxD.sheep;foxs
()4Agroupof______willvisitthemuseumtomorrow.
A.HungarianB.AustralianC.JapaneseD.American
5
()1Thistableismadeof___.
A.manyglassB.glassesC.someglassesD.glass
()2-Whatwouldyouliketohaveforlunch,sir?
-I'dlike____.!
A.chickenB.achickenC.chickensD.thechicken
()3Childrenshouldmake____foroldpeopleinabus.
A.roomB.aroomC.roomsD.theroom
6
()1Tablesaremadeof___.
A.woodB.somewoodsC.woodenD.woods
()2Iwonderwhy______aresointerestedinaction(武打片)films.
A.peopleB.peoplesC.thepeopleD.thepeoples
()3Ihaveread____oftheyoungwriter.
A.worksB.workC.thisworksD.theworks
7
()1Let'smeetat7:
30outsidethegateof___?
A.thePeople'sParkB.thePeoples'Park
C.thePeopleParkD.People'sPark
()2___Chinesepeopleare___hardworkingpeople.
A./;aB.We;theC.The;theD.The;a
()3Howmanywerethereinthestreetwhentheaccidenthappened?
A.policemanB.policesC.policeD.peoples
8
()1Ifthesetrousersaretoobig,buyasmaller____.
A.setB.oneC.pieceD.pair
()2LastweekIboughtaTV____.
A.pair.B.setC.pieceD.block
()3Thereisaofwoodleftontheground.
A.cupB.piece,C.boxD.pair
9
()1Therearesixty-seven___inourschool.
A.women'steacherB.womenteachers
B.C.womanteachersD.womenteacher
()2Therearefive___inourfactory.
A.womandriverB,womendriver
C.womandriversD.womendrivers
()3These____weresenttothevillagestohelpthefarmers.
A.womendoctorB.womendoctors
C.womandoctorsD.womandoctor
10
()1Theywritemostoftheir___inEnglish.
A.businessletterB.businessletters
C.businessesD.businessesletters
()2Wecametoa___atlast.andwentin.
A.watchshopB.watchesshop
C.watchingshopD.watchsshop
()3Thisshopsellsapples,bananasandthingslikethese.It'sa___.
A.foodshopB.bookshop
C.fruitshopD.vegetableshop
()4Shebrokea___whileshewaswashingup.
A.glassofwineB.glassforwine
C.glasswineD.wineglass
()5I'veforgottenbothofthe____.
A.roomnumbers.B.roomsnumber
C.roomsnumbersD.roomnumber
11
1.September10this____inChina.
A.Teacher'sDayB.Teachers'DayC.TeacherDayD.TeachersDay
()2-Isthebroomunder____desk?
-No,it'sunder____.
A.theteacher's;myB.teacher's;mine
C.teacher's;meD.theteacher's;mine
()3Excuseme,whereisthe___?
A.men'sroomB.mens'roomC.men'sroomsD.menrooms
12
()1Thefootballunderthebedis____.
A.LilyandLucyB.Lily'sandLucy'sC.Lily'sandLucyD.LilyandLucy's
()2Thisismy____dictionary.
A.sisterMaryB.sister'sC.sister,Mary'sD.sister'sMary's
()3Hewentto___shoptobuyashirt.
A.atailorB.thetailorC.atailorsD.thetailors'
()4Joanis____.
A.Mary'sandJacksisterB.MaryandJack'ssister
C.MaryandJacksisterD.Mary'sandJack'ssister
13
()1Inafew____time,thosemountainswillbecoveredwithtrees.
A.yearB.years'C.year'sD.years
()2It'sabout___walkfrommyhouse.
A.tenminuteB.tenminutes'C.tenminute'sD.tenminutes
()3Thepostofficeisabitfarfromhere.It'sabout_____.
A.thirtyminutes'swalkB.thirtyminute'swalk
C.thirtyminutes'walkD.thirtyminuteswalk
()4Half___telephonecallsaremadeinEnglish.
A.theworldB.worldC.theworld'sD.world's
14
()1____facetothesouth.
A.WindowsoftheroomB.Thewindowsoftheroom
C.Theroom'swindowsD.Thewindowsinroom
()2Pleasetaketwo___.
A.pictureoftheparkB.picturesofthepark
C.thepicturesofaparkD.pictureofapark
()3Theworkersarerepairing____.
A.theroofofthehouseB.aroofofthehouse
C.roofofthehouseD.thisroofofhouse
15
()1MissSmithisafriendof____.
A.Mary'smother'sB.Mary'smotherC.mother'sofMaryD.Marymothers
()2Thisisabookof___.
A.TomB.Tom'sC.herD.him
()3Thepostcardissentby____.
A.afriendofmyfatherB.afriendofmyfather's
C.myfatherfriendD.myfatherfriend's
16
()1Sydneyisacityof___.
A.AmericaB.GermanyC.AustraliaD.Japan
()2Myfatherlikesbuyingus___.
A.carsB.flowersC.peasantsD.presents
()3InEngland,thelastnameisthe___.
A.fullnameB.familynameC.middlenameD.givenname
()4MrGaoisateacher.Heworksinanew____.
A.shopB.schoolC.factoryD.hospital
17
()1Myfatherisa____.Heworksinahospital.
A.teacherB.doctorC.farmerD.soldier
()2-WhichanimallivesonlyinChina?
-The____.
A.tigerB.monkeyC.pandaD.elephant
()3Aprilcomebefore___andafter___.
A.March;MayB.May;March
C.June;MayD.March;February
()4Whichofthefollowingisright?
A.Chinahasalargepopulation.B.Chinahasmuchpopulation.
C.Chinahasmanypopulations.D.Chinahasagreatdealofpopulation.
()5Pleasedolikethis.Foldthepaper____andcutalongthefold.
A.intopiecesB.inhalfC.onhal
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