必修五第四单元语法.docx
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必修五第四单元语法.docx
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必修五第四单元语法
必修五第四单元语法
Inversion(倒装)
1.倒装原因:
1.出于语法需要,非用倒装语序不可,有强制性.
2.为了达到某种修辞效果(强调/平衡/衔接/描绘等)
3.倒装的种类:
1.完全倒装,
2.部分倒装,
4.完全倒装情况/条件
1.副词here/there/then/now等位于句首,谓语动词为be/come/go/stand/lie/begin/live/exist/remain/seem/appear/happen等,且句子主语为名词时,句子完全倒装。
Eg:
(1)Yourletterishere.
(2)Thebellgoesthere.
(3)Thechairmancamethen.
2.表示运动方向的副词out/in/up/down/off/back/over等位于句首,谓语动词为be/come/go/stand/lie/follow/rush/run/
Fly...,且主语为名词。
Eg:
(1)Aboyandadogrushedout.
(2)Theheadteachercamein.
(3)Theswallowflewaway.
(4)Abeautifulgirlsitsunderthetree.
3.表示地点的介词短语位于句首,谓语动词为be/come/go/stand/lie/hang/walk/sit等。
Eg:
(1)Acarliesinthedistance.
(2)Aletterwasinsidetheparcel.
(3)Aprofessorsitsinthefrontofthelecturehall.
4.such做表语,为了强调而置于句首时,“就是如此”
Eg:
(1)Hiswordsweresuch.
(2)He,asimplemanbutwithgreatachievementwassuch.
注意:
1.在完全倒装句子中,谓语动词要与后面的主语保持一致。
2.完全倒装的句子主语必须为名词,若主语为代词时,则用正常语序。
Exercises:
1.判断正误
1.Thereseemstobemanypeopleintheroom.
2.Infrontofthehousestandstwotalltrees.
3.Herecomesit.
4.Awaywentthey.
5.Onthetopofthehillstandanoldtemple.
6.Herecomemylistofdosanddon’ts.
2.用倒装结构改写下列句子,并说明属于那种情况。
1.Avillageliesatthefootofthemountain.
2.Alittleboystandsunderthetree.
3.Aletterforyouishere.
4.Thebirdsflewaway.
5.Somepicturebooksarehere.
5.部分倒装情况/条件
1.表示否定意义的副词/连词置于句首时,句子部分倒装。
(never/seldom/little/nowhere/
Hardly/barely/scarcely/innoway/
Innocase/atnotime/bynomeans
In/undercircumstances等)
Eg
(1)Shecouldhardlybelieveherowneyes.
(2)Hisparentswillbynomeansapproveofhisdecisiontogoabroad.
(3)Ihaveneverseensuchasplendidcastle.
(4)Iseldomgotobedbefore10o’clock.
(5)Hecaredlittleabouthisownsafety.
(6)Ourcountryhasneverbeensoprosperousandpowerfulasitistoday.
2.在hardly...when/nosooner...than;
Not...until;/notonly...butalso句型中,hardly/scarcely/nosooner/notuntil/notonly引导分句置于句首,主句部分倒装,从句不倒装。
Eg;
(1)Thestudentsdidnotstoptalkinguntiltheteachercamein.
(2)Thefilmstarnosoonerarrivedattheairportthanheattractedpeople’sattraction.
(3)Inotonlyknowher,butalsoIamalsoknowherfriend.
3.only+状语位于句首,句子部分倒装;
/only+状语从句位于句首,主句部分倒装,从句不倒装。
Eg
(1)Youwillbeabletomasterthelanguageonlybypractisingafewhourseveryday.
(2)Ihaveseentheprofessoronlylatelyoncampus.
(3)Hefoundthetruthonlywhenhereturned.
注意:
若only+主语位于句首时,句子不倒装。
Eg
(1)Onlyshecanalwaysanswerthequestion.
(2)Onlyyouknowit.
4.表示前面所陈述的肯定的/否定的情况也适用于第二个人/物时,用so;
Neither/nor+can/be/have/has/will/
Do/did/does...+主语
(2)
Eg:
(1)ShehasbeentoNewYork,so_____I.
(2)Hewenttocollegelastyear,so___I.
(3)Afterthatweneversawheragain,neither/nor___theyseeher.
5.so...that/such...that...中,so+adj/adv;such+n位于句首时,so/such所在的句子要进行部分倒装。
Eg:
(1)MynephewmadesuchprogressthathewasabletokeepadiaryinEnglishbeforelong.
(2)HewalkedsofastthatIcouldn’tcatchupwithhim.
6.as引导让步状语从句中,常把从句中的表语/状语/位于中的实意动词提到句首构成特殊部分倒装。
Eg:
(1)Youngasheis,heknowsmuch.
(2)Peasantasmyuncleis,heownsalargefortune.
当标语为可数名词单数提前时,其前去掉冠词。
(3)Eg:
Teacherassheis,shedoesn’tknoweverything.
(4)Childashewas,hewasabletostandonhisownfeet.
7.if引导的虚拟条件句中含有were/had/should时,可将if省略,而将were/had/should移到主语前,构成部分倒装。
Eg:
(1)IfIwereinhisposition,Iwouldn’tdoitthatway.
(2)Ifyouhadn’thelpedme,Iwouldhavefailed.
(3)Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,whatshouldwedo?
Exercises:
用倒装结构改写下列句子。
1HewasabletogetbacktohismotherlandonlywhentheSecondWorldWarended.
2.—DidyouknowanyFrenchbeforeyouarrivedinParis?
—Ihadneverlearnedit,actually.
3.Hedidnotstoprepairingandcleaningituntilthemotorbikelookedalmostnew
4.Maryneverdoesanyreadingintheevening,nor______John.
5.—DidLindaseethetrafficaccident?
—No.Shehadnosoonergonethanithappened.
6.I’vetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish.Buttheteacherisbynomeanssatisfiedwithmyprogress.
7.IfounditsodifficulttoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.
8.Heplaystheviolinquitewell.So______mysister.
9.Ididn’treadthenoticeonthebulletinboard;neither/nor_______he.
10.Youcansolvetheproblemonlywiththismethod.
11.Peopleseldomdidexperimenttotesttheirideas.
12.Theydidnotencouragethedevelopmentoftouristsrelatedactivitiesintheruralareasuntilrecently
13.SherealizedthatshehadleftthecontractathomeonlywhenLilywalkedintotheoffice
14.Idiscoveredthathavingstrongmotivationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoalsonlyaftertalkingtotwostudents
15.Thenursesnotonlywantapayincrease,theywanttoreducehoursaswell.
16.Ifthereshouldbenomoderntelecommunications(电讯),wewouldhavetowaitforweekstogetnewsfromaroundtheworld.
17.MoYanhadnosoonersteppedonthestagethantheaudiencebrokeintothunderousapplause.
18.HedidnotrealizethelovewehaveforourfamiliesisimportantNotuntilhewentthroughrealhardship
19.ItoccurredtoMichaelnotoncethathecouldonedaybecomeatopstudentinhisclass.
20.ThepatientscanbetreatedproperlyinthishospitalOnlybyincreasingthenumberofdoctorsby50percent
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