高考英语阅读理解基础精品练习题61.docx
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高考英语阅读理解基础精品练习题61.docx
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高考英语阅读理解基础精品练习题61
2014高考英语阅读理解基础精品练习题(61)及答案
(·皖南八校第三次联考)The“NeighborhoodWatch”schemeallstartedafewyearsagointhequietvillageofMollingtonafteranumberofburglariesinthevillageandthesurroundingarea.Thevillagerscameupwiththeideathattheythemselvescouldkeepaneyeontheirneighbors'possessionswhiletheywereawayonholiday.Sincethen,andwiththesupportofthegovernmentandpolice,morethan50,000“NeighborhoodWatch”schemeshavebeensetupalloverthecountry.
Theobjectofeach“Watch”groupistoreducetheopportunitiesthatcriminalshaveinanyparticularstreetorarea.Eachvillagerwhoisamemberoftheschemewillcallthepolicewhenevertheyseesomethingsuspicious.Itisthepolicewhoactuallycheckouteachreportandlookintowhatishappening.Villagerswhoarepartofthe“Watch”arenotsupposedtoactaspoliceorputthemselvesindanger.
Whenanew“NeighborhoodWatch”schemeissetupinanarea,onebenefitisthatmostburglarsdarenottakeachanceonbreakingintosomeone'shousebecausetheyknowthatthereisahighriskofbeingseenbyneighborskeepingalookout.Burglarsalsoknowthatpeoplearemorelikelytohavefittedgoodlockstotheirdoorsandwindows.
Anotherbenefitisthat,sincethe“NeighborhoodWatch”schemescameintoexistence,thereisgrowingevidenceofanewcommunityspirit.Itisbringingpeopletogetherasneverbefore,andencouragingpeopletocareforeachother.Newfriendshipsarebeingmade,andcontactisoftenestablishedwitholdpeoplelivingontheirown,whoareoftenthemostfrightenedandthemostatrisk.
语篇解读:
这是一篇说明文,向读者介绍了一个叫做“NeighborhoodWatch”的计划,并讲述了该计划的实施办法以及收到的效果。
9.The“NeighborhoodWatch”schemeinMollingtonstarted________.
A.beforeanyothersinthecountry
B.after50,000burglariesinthearea
C.becausesomevillagerswantedtogoawayforaholiday
D.becausethepolicecouldnotprotectpeople
解析:
逻辑推理题。
由文章第一段的最后一句可推知,Mollington的“NeighborhoodWatch”scheme是最早开始的,所以答案选A项。
答案:
A
10.Whenmembersofa“Watch”groupseesuspiciousindividuals,theyshould________.
A.contactthepoliceB.tryandfrightenthemaway
C.tryandarrestthemD.calltheothermembers
解析:
事实细节题。
由文章第二段的后三句可知,人们看到可疑人员应该报警,调查和侦破案件是警察的职责,所以答案选A项。
答案:
A
11.Whenanew“Watch”schemestartsinanarea________.
A.peoplefitnewlockstotheirdoorsandwindows
B.thepolicesendfewerofficerstothearea
C.villagersputsignsontheirdoors
D.burglarsarelesslikelytobreakintohouses
解析:
事实细节题。
由文章第三段的第一句可知入室盗窃的可能性会降低,答案选D项。
答案:
D
12.Anotherbenefitofthe“Watch”schemesisthat________.
A.membersofthe“Watch”lookafteroldpeople
B.differentkindsofpeopleareattractedtoliveinthearea
C.anewcommunityspiritisgrowing
D.oldpeoplearenolongerfrightenedofcrime
解析:
逻辑推理题。
由文章第四段的内容可推知选C。
答案:
C
13.Ingeneral,theauthorseemstothinkthat________.
A.itishardtohaveanyprivacyina“NeighborhoodWatch”area
B.thepoliceshoulddomoretoprotectpeople
C.“Watch”schemesarenotveryusefulinreducingcrime
D.the“NeighborhoodWatch”schemeshavebeensuccessful
解析:
作者态度题。
由三、四段讲的该计划带来的两个好处可知该计划效果非常好,所以答案选D项。
答案:
D。
阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
IttakesmorethanjustpracticetobecomeanOlympian.Goldmedalperformancesrequiresomeseriousnutrition.Haveyoueverwonderedwhatthesesuccessfulathleteseattostayinpeakshape?
KeriGlassman,aregistereddietitianandfounderofNutritiousLifeMeals,appearedon“GoodMorningAmerica”todaytogiveyouaglimpseintothedietsofsometopathletes.Someoftheirmealscouldsurpriseyou.
CrazyCalorieCount
GlassmansaidOlympianseatalotoffood-quantitiesthatforordinarypeoplewouldconstitutepiggingout.OnesecretofswimmerMichaelPhelps’astonishingperformanceinthe2008OlympicsinBeijingwasconsumingasmanyas12,00caloriesinoneday.
Athletescaneatlikethisandnotgainanyweightbecausetheirworkoutsareintense.AccordingtoGlassman,Phelps’workoutscanburn4,000to6,000caloriesinaday,andthosecaloriesmustbeaddedinordertotrainthefollowingday.
SnackingSecrets
Someathleteseatstrangefoodsthatimprovetheirperformance.YohanBlake,theJamaicasprinterand100-meterworldchampion,hasstolenchampionsprinterUsainBolt’sthunderonthetrackduringtheOlympictrials,Askedabouthowhegetshisenergy.Blakeansweredthatheeats16bananasperday,Glassmansaid.
JonathanHorton,theleadgymnastontheUsteam,hasabloodsugarproblem.Hissolutionishoney.Whenhestartstofeelshakyatthegym,hetakeshoneytoboosthisenergy,Classmansaid.
FoodsforRecovery
Whatarethebestfoodstohelpthebodyrecoverafterharshcompetition?
ForOlympicswimmerRyanLochte,therecoverymealisgrilledchickenbreastswithAlfredosauce,whole-grainspaghettiandasaladwithlemonjuiceandoliveoil.Lochte,whorecentlycutoutjunkfood,candyandsoda,hasundertakenastrength-trainingregimen(养生法)thatinvolvesflippingtractortires,andtossingbeerkegs,Glassmansaid.
56.What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?
A.GoodDietMakesaTrueOlympian.
B.OlympiansHaveOlympic-sizeAppetites.
C.Olympians’StrangeEatingHabits.
D.TheDiestofSomeTopOlympicAthletes.
【答案】D
【解析】第一段是中心段落。
成为奥运选手不仅仅需要锻炼,获得金牌还需要营养。
57.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceprobablymean?
A.OrdinarypeopleeatfewpigscomparedwithOlympians.
B.Olympianseatalotmorefoodthanordinarypeople.
C.Olympianstendtoeatalotofhigh-qualityfood.
D.Olympianseatalargeamountoffood,justlikepigs.
【答案】B
【解析】前一句说奥运选手吃很多食物。
划线部分在破折号之后,是对前面话语的补充。
58.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.RyanLochtequiteatingjunkfood,candyandsodaforhisbetterrecovery.
B.YohanBlakefinallybeatUsainBoltinthe100-metertrackintheOlympics.
C.MichaelPhelps’astonishingperformancewasduetohiseatinglotsoffood.
D.JonathanHortonhasabloodsugarproblembecauseoftakingtoomuchhoney.
【答案】A
【解析】根据最后一段,最后一句可知A正确。
59.Whichofthefollowingisnotthebestfoodtohelpthebodyrecover?
A.Soda.B.Oliveoil.C.Whole-grainspaghetti.D.Asaladwithlemonjuice.
【答案】A
【解析】从最后一段最后一句可以得知Lochte为了恢复砍掉了junkfood,candyandsoda,可知,soda不是最好的帮助身体恢复的食物。
60.Thepassageismostlikelytobefoundin.
A.atechnicalreportB.afashionmagazine
C.aneducationcolumnD.asportsnewspaper
【答案】D
【解析】本文说的是运动员与饮食,所以这篇文章可能出现在报纸的体育版面。
Geneticsisnotjustascience,letaloneatechnologyorabusiness.Geneticsisaprofoundidea.Geneticsjournals,forinstance,filltheirpageswithdiscoveriesof“diseasegenes”thatlurk(潜伏)silent,inthetwistsandbendsofourDNA,readytoturnonus.Theveryideaofdiseasegenesthathaveyettoactuallycausediseasemakesusfeel“sick”evenifwedon’thaveanysymptom.Cancergeneticshasbroughtevendeeperchanges.Thediseaseusedtobeblamedondisguisedexternal(外部的)agentsattackingthebody.Butnowthediseaseisseenas“anaturalbornpartoftheself”.Yougetcancernotsolely,orevenlargely,becauseofsomethingyouate,orbecauseofsomeplaceyoulivedin,orbecauseofsomechemicalyoubreathed.Youhavecancerbecauseofwhoyouare.Afterall,noteveryonewholivedasyoulivedgotcancer.Cancer_becomes_an_expression_of_our_essential_nature.
Suchaviewaffectshowweact,asindividualsandasasociety.Wegettestedforcancergenes(anddon’tknowwhattomakeoftheresult:
afterall,about25to50percentofwomenwhocarryeitherofthetwobreast-cancergenesdiscoveredsofardonotgetbreastcancer).Wethinkindividuallyratherthansocially,withresultsthatwemay,oneday,regret.Environmentalpollutantsgetlessattentionnowthatwearetold,againandagain,thatthecauseofdiseaseliesinus.Ifwehadfocusedongenesratherthanvirusesperhapstherewouldhavebeennosocialresponsetotheepidemic(流行病).Asaresultofdiscoveriesingenetics,saysRothman,“wearelookingtolocateproblemsintheindividual.”Thinkinggeneticallymakesussaythattheproblemisnotoursasasocietybutyoursasanindividual.
5.Whatisthenewdiscoverythatoftenleadstodiseaseinthegeneticfield?
A.Diseasegenes.
B.Disturbingideas.
C.Twistsandbends.
D.Pollutants.
6.Bysaying“Cancerbecomesanexpressionofouressentialnature”,theauthormeans______.
A.thatcancerisadisplayofdisease
B.thatcancerisnotcausedbyexternalagents
C.thateveryonecangetcancer
D.thatnoteveryonecangetcancer
7.Whendiscussingaboutthetestswedidinthepasttofindwaysofcuringdisease,theauthorimpliesthat______.
A.wedidn’tdothemscientifically
B.wecanmakeuseofsomeofthoseresults
C.wearehappywiththoseresults
D.wewillcontinuetodothoseteststhisway
8.Thenewdiscoveryshowsthatitisessentialtoexaminedisease______.
A.geneticallyB.socially
C.individuallyD.generally
[答案]
文章讲述遗传学不仅是一门科学也是一门深奥的理念,以及疾病基因的发现对癌症的检验所起的作用。
5.A。
细节判断题。
由第一段第四句中“Theveryideaofdiseasegenesthathaveyettoactuallycausediseasemakesusfeel‘sick’evenifwedon’thaveanysymptom.”可以得出答案。
6.B。
句意理解题。
根据第一段第六句中“Thediseaseusedtobeblamedondisguisedexternal(外部的)agentsattackingthebody.Butnowthediseaseisseenas‘anaturalbornpartoftheself’.”可知答案。
7.A。
作者观点倾向题。
最后一段中的“Ifwehadfocusedongenesratherthanviruses,perhapstherewouldhavebeennosocialresponsetotheepidemic(流行病).”这个句子采用了虚拟语气,表示与过去事实相反,由此可知答案。
8.C。
细节判断题。
由文章最后一段中的最后两句的内容可得出答案。
“Tearthemapart!
”“killthefool!
”“Murderthereferee(裁判)!
”
Thesearecommonremarksonemayhearatvarioussportingevents.Atthetimetheyaremade,theymayseeminnocentenough.Butlet’snotkidourselves.Theyhavebeenknowntoinflu
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