托福TOEFL考试阅读模拟试题3.docx
- 文档编号:29822548
- 上传时间:2023-07-27
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:14
- 大小:21.04KB
托福TOEFL考试阅读模拟试题3.docx
《托福TOEFL考试阅读模拟试题3.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《托福TOEFL考试阅读模拟试题3.docx(14页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
托福TOEFL考试阅读模拟试题3
托福(TOEFL)考试阅读模拟试题(3)
Questions12-21
TheMoonhasbeenworshippedbyprimitivepeoplesandhasinspiredhumanstocreateeverythingfromlunarcalendarstolovesonnets,butwhatdowereallyknowaboutit?
ThemostacceptedtheoryabouttheoriginoftheMoonisthatitwasformedofthedebrisfromamassivecollisionwiththeyoungEarthabout4.6billionyearsago.Ahugebody,perhapsthesizeofMars,strucktheEarth,throwingoutanimmenseamountofdebristhatcoalescedandcooledinorbitaroundtheEarth.
ThedevelopmentofEarthisinextricablylinkedtothemoon;theMoon’sgravitationalinfluenceupontheEarthistheprimarycauseofoceantides.Infact,theMoonhasmorethantwicetheeffectuponthetidesthandoestheSun.TheMoonmakesonerotationandcompletesarevolutionaroundtheEarthevery27days,7hours,and43minutes.ThissynchronousrotationiscausedbyanunevendistributionofmassintheMoon(essentially,itisheavierononesidethantheother)andhasallowedtheEarth’sgravitytokeeponesideoftheMoonpermanentlyfacingEarth.ItisanaveragedistancefromEarthof384,403km.
TheMoonhasnoatmosphere;withoutanatmosphere,theMoonhasnothingtoprotectitfrommeteoriteimpacts,andthusthesurfaceoftheMooniscoveredwithimpactcraters,bothlargeandsmall.TheMoonalsohasnoactivetectonicorvolcanicactivity,sotheerosiveeffectsofatmosphericweathering,tectonicshifts,andvolcanicupheavalsthattendtoeraseandreformtheEarth’ssurfacefeaturesarenotatworkontheMoon.Infact,eventinysurfacefeaturessuchasthefootprintleftbyanastronautinthelunarsoilarelikelytolastformillionsofyears,unlessobliteratedbyachancemeteoritestrike.ThesurfacegravityoftheMoonisaboutone-sixththatoftheEarth’s.Therefore,amanweighing82kilogramsonEarthwouldonlyweigh14kilogramsontheMoon.
ThegeographicalfeaturesoftheEarthmost likethatoftheMoonare,infact,placessuchastheHawaiianvolcaniccratersandthehugemeteorcraterinArizona.TheclimateoftheMoonisveryunlikeeitherHawaiiorArizona,however;infactthetemperatureontheMoonrangesbetween123degreesC.to–233degreesC.
12.Whatisthepassageprimarilyabout?
(a)theMoon’seffectupontheEarth
(b)theoriginoftheMoon
(c)whatweknowabouttheMoonanditsdifferencestoEarth
(d)acomparisonoftheMoonandtheEarth
13.Theword“massive”inline4isclosestinmeaningto
(a)unavoidable
(b)dense
(c)huge
(d)impressive
14.Theword“debris”inline5isclosestinmeaningto
(a)rubbish
(b)satellites
(c)moons
(d)earth
15.Accordingtothepassage,theMoonis
(a)olderthantheEarth
(b)protectedbyadenseatmosphere
(c)composedofafewactivevolcanoes
(d)theprimarycauseofEarth’soceantides
16.Theword“uneven“inline11isclosestinmeaningto
(a)Heavier
(b)Equallydistributed
(c)Orderly
(d)Notuniform
17.Whydoestheauthormention“impactcraters”inline16?
(a)toshowtheresultoftheMoonnothavinganatmosphere
(b)toshowtheresultoftheMoonnothavingactivetectonicorvolcanicactivity
(c)toexplainwhytheMoonhasnoplantlifebecauseofmeteorites
(d)toexplainthecorrosiveeffectsofatmosphericweathering
18.Theword“erase”inline19isclosestinmeaningto
(a)change
(b)impact
(c)obliterate
(d)erupt
19.ApersonontheMoonwouldweighlessthanontheEarthbecause
(a)ofthecompositionoflunarsoil
(b)thesurfacegravityoftheMoonisless
(c)theMoonhasnoatmosphere
(d)theMoonhasnoactivetectonicorvolcanicactivity
20.AllofthefollowingaretrueabouttheMoonEXCEPT
(a)ithasawiderangeoftemperatures
(b)itisheavierononesidethantheother
(c)itisunabletoprotectitselffrommeteoriteattacks
(d)ithaslesseffectuponthetidesthantheSun
21.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
(a)theMoonisnotabletosupporthumanlife
(b)iftheMoonhadnogravitationalinfluence,theEarthwouldnothavetides
(c)peoplelivinginHawaiiandArizonawouldfeelathomeontheMoon
(d)MarscouldhavebeenformedinasimilarwaytotheMoon
Questions22-31
PeopleofHispanicoriginwereontheNorthAmericancontinentcenturiesbeforesettlersarrivedfromEuropeintheearly1600sandthethirteencoloniesjoinedtogethertoformtheUnitedStatesinthelate1700s.Thefirstcensusofthenewnationwasconductedin1790,andcountedaboutfourmillionpeople,mostofwhomwerewhite.Ofthewhitecitizens,morethan80%tracedtheirancestrybacktoEngland.Therewerecloseto700,000slavesandabout60,000“freeNegroes”.OnlyafewNativeAmericanIndianswhopaidtaxeswereincludedinthecensuscount,butthetotalNativeAmericanpopulationwasprobablyaboutonemillion.
By1815,thepopulationoftheUnitedStateswas8.4million.Overthenext100years,thecountrytookinabout35millionimmigrants,withthegreatestnumberscominginthelate1800sandearly1900s.In1882,40,000Chinesearrived,andbetween1900and1907,thereweremorethan30,000Japaneseimmigrants.Butbyfar,thelargestnumbersofthenewimmigrantswerefromcentral,eastern,andsouthernEurope.
Anenormousamountofracialandethnicassimilationhastakenplacein theUnitedStates.In1908,play-writeIsraelZangwillfirstusedtheterm“meltingpot”todescribetheconceptofaplacewheremanyracesmeltedinacrucibleandre-formedtopopulateanewland.Someyearsduringthefirsttwodecadesofthe20thcentury,therewereasmanyasonemillionnewimmigrantsperyear,anastonishing1percentofthetotalpopulationoftheUnitedStates.
In1921,however,thecountrybegantolimitimmigration,andtheImmigrationActof1924virtuallyclosedthedoor.Thetotalnumberofimmigrantsadmittedperyeardroppedfromasmanyasamilliontoonly150,000.Aquotasystemwasestablishedthatspecifiedthenumberofimmigrantsthatcouldcomefromeachcountry.ItheavilyfavoredimmigrantsfromnorthernandwesternEuropeandseverelylimitedeveryoneelse.Thissystemremainedineffectuntil1965,althoughafterWorldWarII,severalexceptionsweremadetothequotasystemtoallowingroupsofrefugees.
22.Whydidtheauthorwritethepassage?
(a)tooutlinethewaysimmigrationhasbeenrestrictedr>(b)toemphasizetheimpactofmigrantsfromEurope
(c)toexplainandgiveexamplesoftheconceptofa“meltingpot”
(d)tosummarizethemainfeaturesofimmigration
23.Accordingtothepassage,whichancestrypredominatedatthetimeofthefirstcensus?
(a)NativeAmericans
(b)Negroes
(c)English
(d)Hispanic
24.Theword“ancestry”inline5isclosestinmeaningto
(a)origins
(b)inheritance
(c)color
(d)freedom
25.Theword“their”inline5referstowhichofthefollowing
(a)immigrants
(b)peopleofHispanicorigin
(c)whitecitizens
(d)NativeAmericans
26.Whichofthefollowingistrue,accordingtothepassage?
(a)aquotasystemwasinplacefrom1908
(b)apeakperiodofimmigrationwasinthelate1800sandearly1900s
(c)slaveswerenotcountedinthefirstcensus
(d)onlythosewhopaidtaxeswereincludedinthefirstcensus
27.Thenumberofimmigrantstakeninoverthe100yearsto1915was
(a)probablyabout1million
(b)about35million
(c)8.4million
(d)about4million
28.Theword“concept”inline16isclosestinmeaningto
(a)location
(b)type
(c)complexity
(d)thought
29.Theword“virtually”inline21isclosestinmeaningto
(a)effectively
(b)occasionally
(c)thoroughly
(d)undeservedly
30.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutimmigrants
(a)theyweresubjectedtoanofficialquotaintheImmigrationActfrom1924
(b)duringthe1900simmigrantsnumbered1percentofthetotalpopulation
(c)settlersofHispanicoriginarrivedcenturiesbeforethosefromEurope
(d)numbersbegantobelimitedfrom1921
31.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage
(a)preservingadeveloping“American”culturewasamajorfactorleadingtotheintroductionofthequotasystem
(b)racialandethnicassimilationdidnotoccurasplanned
(c)racialandethnictensionswouldhaveincreasedifthequotasystemhadnotbeenintroduced
(d)thequotasystemwasintroducedto;limitpopulationgrowth
Questions32-40
Consideredthemostinfluentialarchitectofhistime,FrankLloydWright(1867-1959)wasborninthesmallruralcommunityofRichlandCenter,Wisconsin.HeenteredtheUniversityofWisconsinattheageof15asaspecialstudent,studyingengineeringbecausetheschoolhadnocourseinarchitecture.Attheageof20hethenwenttoworkasadraughtsmaninChicagoinordertolearnthetraditional,classicallanguageofarchitecture.Aftermarryingintoawealthybusinessfamilyattheageof21,WrightsetuphouseinanexclusiveneighborhoodinChicago,andafterafewyearsofworkingforanumberofarchitecturalfirms,setuphisownarchitecturaloffice.
Fortwentyyearshebroughtupafamilyofsixchildrenupstairs,andranathrivingarchitecturalpracticeoftwelveorsodraughtsmendownstairs.Here,inanidyllicAmericansuburb,withgiantoaks,sprawlinglawns,andnofences,Wrightbuiltsomesixtyramblinghomesbytheyear1900.Hebecametheleaderofastyleknownasthe“Prairie”school-houseswithlow-pitchedroofsandextendedlinesthatblendedintothelandscapeandtypifiedhisstyleof“organicarchitecture”.
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 托福 TOEFL 考试 阅读 模拟 试题
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)