初一英语语法.docx
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初一英语语法.docx
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初一英语语法
unit1Myname’sGina
句型:
1,What’syourname?
Myname’sJenny./I’mJenny./Jenny.
MayIhaveyourname?
Yes,myname’sJenny.
What’shis/hername?
His/Hername’sTony/Gina.
2,I’mTonyBrown.What’syourfullname?
Myfullname/ItisTonyBrown.
MyfirstnameisTony.
Mylastname/familynameisBrown.
3,What’syour/his/hertelephone/phonenumber?
It’s555-3539.语法:
1,形容词性物主代词:
my(我的)your(你的)his/her/its(他/她/它的)
our(我们的)your(你们的)their(他们的)
后面需要接名词,修饰名词,做前置定语。
在句中可作主语,宾语等成分。
Mybookishere.Thisismybook.
主格:
Iyouhe/she/it
weyouthey
在句中做主语,一般放句首,后面紧跟am/is/are及其他动词。
I’mastudent.Shelooksgreat.
词汇:
1.mypron.我的形容词性物主代词还有his,her,your
2.由name构成的短语firstname名字lastname姓氏familyname姓氏
3.“电话号码”的表达方式:
telephonenumberphonenumber
4.本单元出现的缩写有:
I’m=Iamwhat’s=whatisit’s=itis
5.answern.回答;答案(也可做动词“回答”,如answerthequestions)
句式:
1.What+be动词+your(his/her)name?
What’syourname?
What’shisname?
What’shername?
2.自我介绍时常用语:
Myname’sJenny.I’mGina.
3.表达第一次和某人见面的高兴之情:
Nicetomeetyou!
4.询问别人的电话号码:
What’syourtelephonenumber?
5.询问别人的姓氏常用语:
What’sherfamilyname?
Unit2Isthisyourpencil?
词汇:
1.pencilcase文具盒pencilsharpener铅笔刀pen钢笔eraser橡皮擦ruler尺子backpack双肩背包dictionary字典2.指示代词:
this这个that那个3.inEnglish用英语4.IDcard身份证
5.computergame电子游戏6.lostandfound失物招领7.excuseme打扰了8.callsb.给某人打电话9.asetof一套;一副
句式:
1.询问某物品是否属于某人的问句及答语
—Isthis/thatyourpencil?
—Yes,itis.It’smypencil./No,itisn’t.It’shispencil.
2.询问某物用英语怎么说What’sthisinEnglish?
3.Howdoyouspellsth.?
Howdoyouspellit?
4.What’s+sth?
询问某物是什么—What’sthis?
—It’sawatch.
5.Callatsb.at+电话号码.CallAlanat495-3539.
练习:
1)What’sthis?
It’sV.A.aB.anC.theD.\
2)Goodnight.A.Goodevening.B.Seeyou.C.Allright.
3)----------alot.A.ThankB.ThanksC.ThanksyouD.Thanksfor
4)Howisyourfather?
Heis-------.AgoodB.niceC.OK
5)What’shis(one)name?
Idon’tknow.ButIknowhislastname.
6)Isthis------eraser?
No.It’s-------.A.hishisB.hishersC.herhers
7)Isthatherpencil?
Yes,------is.A.itB.thatC.She
8)-------youspellit?
Yes.P-E-Npen.A.HowB.CanC.\
9)Pleasecallourschool------4516324.A.withB.\C.atD.on
10)Isthatyourcarinthe----(lose)and----(find)case?
11)Tellmethekey------thequestion.A.toB.ofC.about
12)There-----(be)asetof-----(key)onthetable.
13)Thiskindofbooks------(sell)well.Welikeit.
14)CouldyoupleasehelpmewithmyEnglish?
.
A.Withpleasure.B.That’sveryniceofyou.C.It’smypleasure.
Unit3Thisismysister.
词汇:
1.称呼类词汇:
sister姐;妹mother妈妈father爸爸
brother兄;弟grandmother祖母;外祖母grandfather祖父;外祖父
aunt姑母;伯母;婶母uncle叔;伯;舅;姨夫son儿子
cousin表(堂)兄弟(姐妹)daughter女儿
2.本单元出现的缩写:
that’s=thatishe’s=heis
3.本单元出现的指示代词:
these这些those那些
4.thanksfor为……而感谢
句式:
1.This/that/These+be动词+sb’s…
Thisishissister.Thatismybrother.Thesearehisbrother.
2.be动词+代词+…Isthisyoursister?
Issheyoursister?
3.Thanksfor…Thanksforthephotoofyourfamily.
4.Here+be动词+…Hereismyfamilyphoto.
句型:
1,Isthisyoursister?
No,itisn’t.
Issheyoursister?
No,sheisn’t.
2,Thisismyfriend.Thesearemyfriends.
Thatismybrother.Thosearemybrothers.
3,Thanksforthephotoofyourfamily.Hereismyfamilyphoto.
photoofyourfamily=yourfamilyphoto
语法:
可数名词单数变复数:
一般情况下加s,book-books,以s,x,sh,ch结尾的加es
watch-watches以辅音字母加y结尾的,把y改为i再加esboy-boys,family-families以o结尾的有生命的加es,无生命的加s,tomato-tomatoes,photo-photos
Unit4Where’smybackpack?
词汇:
1.本单元出现的家具类词汇:
table桌子bed床bookcase书橱,书柜sofa沙发chair椅子drawer抽屉
2.表位置的介词短语:
underthetable在桌子下面onthesofa在沙发上inthebackpack在双肩背包里underthebed在床下面onthechair在椅子上onthedresser在梳妆台上onthetable在桌子上inthedrawer在抽屉里onthefloor在地板上3.mathbook数学书4.alarmclock闹钟putergame电脑游戏6.videotape录像带7.takesth.tosb.把某物带给某人
takethesethingstoyoursister把这些东西带给你姐姐8.IDcard身份证9.bringsth.tosomeplace把某物到给某地bringsomethingstoschool把一些物品带到学校10.pencilcase铅笔盒11.inthebedroom在卧室12.inthekitchen在厨房
句型:
Where’sthebaseball?
It’sinthebackpack.
Where’smycomputergame?
It’sunderthebed.
Wherearehiskeys?
They’reonthedresser.
Whereareyourbooks?
They’reonthechair.
Whereareherkeys?
They’reonthetable.
Whereareyou?
I’matschool.
Isitonthedresser?
No,itisn’t.
Pleasetakethesethingstoyoursister.
Canyoubringsomethingstoschool?
Thebookisonthefloor.
语法:
1,询问人或物品在哪里,我们用Where,结构为where+is/are+人/物品名称?
“……在哪里”回答用主语+is/are+in/at/under/on/near+地点
注意:
表示“在……地方”地点前要用定冠词the或者形容词性物主代词my/your/his/their修饰,但是两者不能同时出现,我们可以说intheroom,inmyroom但是绝对不可以inthemyroom.
词语用法:
1,takev.带走,把人或物品带到别的地方去,take…to…把……带到……去
bringv.带来,把人或物品从别的地方带到说话的地方来bring…to…把……带到……来
2,please后接动词用原形。
句式:
1.询问地点——Where+be动词+sth.答语——Itis/Theyare+表位置的介词短语—Where’smybackpack?
—It’sunderthetable.
—Whereareyourbooks?
—They’reonthechair.
2.询问某物是否在某地的句型及答语
—Isthebaseballonthesofa?
—No,itisn’t.It’sunderthechair.
—Aretheyonthebed?
—No,they’renot.
3.祈使句——Pleasedosth.Pleasetakethesethingstoyoursister…
4.can引导的一般疑问句Canyoubringsomethingstoschool?
5.倒装句——Here+be动词+主语Hereismypen.
Herearesomeapples.
1)_______(this)aremyparents.
2)_______(that)arehisfriends.
3)Isthishisfather?
No,_______isn’t.
A.itB.thisC.he
4)Ishismotheryourfriend?
Yes,________is.
A.heB.sheC.you
5)Thanks_________yourinterestingbook.
A.forB.verymuchC.alot
6)There_______aphotoofmyfriends.
7)Myparentsare_________teachers.
A.bothB.allC.each
Unit5Doyouhaveasoccerball?
词汇:
1.球类名词小结soccerball英式足球ping-pongball乒乓球tennis网球volleyball排球basketball篮球
2.“球拍”的表达tennisracket网球拍ping-pongbat乒乓球拍
3.play+名词结构的短语playsports参加体育运动playcomputergames玩电脑游戏
4.“play+球类名词”结构的短语playping-pongball打乒乓球playtennis打网球playsoccer踢足球playvolleyball打排球
5.sportsclub运动俱乐部6.firstname名lastname=familyname姓
7.watchTV看电视onTV在电视上,通过电视
8.常用的描述某物或某事的形容词:
interesting有趣的fun有趣的relaxing轻松的boring无聊的difficult困难的9.haveagreatsportscollection有大量的体育收藏品10.everyday每天
句型:
DoyouhaveaTV?
Yes,Ido/No,Idon’t.
Dotheyhaveacomputer?
Yes,theydo./No,theydon’t.
Doeshehaveatennisracket?
Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.
Doesshehaveasoccerball?
Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’t.
Doeshehaveaping-pangball?
Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.
Let’splaysoccer.Letmehelpyou.
Idon’thaveasoccerball.Thatsoundsgood.
语法:
1,句中不含be(am,is,are)动词的一般疑问句的变法。
也就是说句中谓语动词是实义动词时,要变为一般疑问句,在句首加do/does(当主语是第三人称单数的时候用does),第一人称变第二人称,动词变原形其他的语序不变。
Ihaveacomputer.–Doyouhaveacomputer?
Shelikesplayingping-pang.-Doesshelikeplayingping-pang.肯定回答用yes,主语+do/does.否定回答用No,主语+don’t/doesn’t.
2一般句子中当主语是第三人称单数的时候,谓语动词要起变化。
具体的变化为:
一般情况加s,know-knows,以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的加es,teach-teaches,go-goes,以辅音字母加y结尾,把y改为i,再加esstudy-studies
3,do/does叫做助动词(语法需要加上去翻译部出来的动词)时,后面接动词原形,
Doeshelikereading?
Shedoesn’tlikereading.Shedoesn’tdoherhomework.
但是如果做实义动词(能翻译出来意思的动词)呢,遇到主语第三人称单数就要起变化。
Shedoesherhomework.
4,have的第三人称单数为has.
5,letsbdosth让某人做某事(sb代表人,如果是代词用宾格,do代表动词原形)
6,play+球类表示“踢,打,玩......”playfootball
play+the+乐器表示“弹奏……乐器”playthepiano
句式:
1.Do引导的一般疑问句—DoyouhaveaTV?
—Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.—Doeshehaveatennisracket?
—Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.
2.祈使句——Let’sdosth.Let’splayping-pong.
3.主系表结构——主语+系动词+形容词Thatsoundsgood.
1)_______hisparents_______(have)aping-pangball?
-----Yes,________________.
2)_________ourEnglishteacher______(have)abasketball?
-------No,_________________.
3)Myfriend____________(看电视)everyday.
4)______(他弟弟)______(有)many__________(sport)_________(club).
5)You___________(not,have)______(sport)everyday.
6)She___________(not,watchTV)intheevening.She_________(study)Englisheveryday.
7)Let’s_________(play)volleyballwith______(she).
She________(play)everyday.
8)Letyoursisiter_______(play)thecomputergame.
9)We_________(have)a__________(sport)_____________(collect).
It_________(be)__________(interest).
10)Myparent__________(notlike)__________(play)________(sport).
Becauseit’s_____________(bore)
11._________(他们)___________(notplay)sportseveryday.
_____(they)only_____(watch)_____(they)____(in\on\with\by)TV.
12.-------_______(let)______(he)_____(play)_______(the\a\an\\)baseball.
--------_________(sound)good.
Unit6Doyoulikebananas?
词汇:
1.水果banana香蕉orange橙子strawberry草莓pear梨apple苹果
2.蔬菜tomato西红柿carrot胡萝卜broccoli花椰菜
3.食品hamburger汉堡包Frenchfries薯条icecream冰淇淋
salad沙拉chicken鸡肉egg鸡蛋
4.countablenouns可数名词uncountablenouns不可数名词
5.runningstar赛跑明星
6.lotsof=alotof非常多,很多(后面既可跟可数名词复数,也可跟不可数名词)
7.healthyfood健康食品
8.havesth.forbreakfast/lunch/dinner/dessert早餐/中餐/晚餐/甜点吃……
句型:
Doyoulikesalad?
Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.
Doeshelikepears?
Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.
Ilikeoranges.Idon’tlikeoranges.
Runningstareatslotsofhealthyfood.
语法:
句中谓语动词是实义动词的陈述句,变否定形式在实义动词前加don’t\doesn’t(主语是第三人称单数时用doesn’t’).
likedoingsth/liketodosth喜欢做某事
Ilikeswimming.Shelikestoeathamburgers.
句式:
1.询问某人是否喜欢某物的句型及答语
—Do/Doessb.likesth.?
—Yes,sb.do/does.—No,sb.don’t/doesn’t.
—Doyoulikesalad?
—Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.
—Doeshelikepears?
—Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.
2.祈使句——Let’sdosth.Let’shaveicecream.
3.一般现在时的肯定句及否定句Ilikeoranges.Idon’tlikebananas.
Theylikesalad.Theydon’tlikebroccoli.
Shelikesbananas.Shedoesn’tlikeicecream.
Unit7H
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