一般过去式的用法.docx
- 文档编号:29817543
- 上传时间:2023-07-27
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:9
- 大小:19.90KB
一般过去式的用法.docx
《一般过去式的用法.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《一般过去式的用法.docx(9页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
一般过去式的用法
一般过去式的用法:
一般过去式表示过去的动作和状态,通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词,词组或从句,如yesterday,thedaybeforelast,lastweek,twodaysago等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。
Iworkedinthatfactorylastyear.去年我在那一家工厂工作。
Imethimyesterday.昨天我碰见了他。
IwenttotheTianLongMountainyesterday.
昨天我们去了天龙山。
一般过去式构成:
表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。
动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。
a.规则动词的过去式变化如下:
①一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed。
如:
wanted,played,workedplayed,acted,lookedcalledopenedneeded。
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去掉e再加-ed。
如:
hoped,lived。
③以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,如:
stoppedplannedfitted
④以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i,再加-ed。
如:
studied,worried,tried,copied,cried,carried。
以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-edplayenjoystayplayedenjoyedstayed
规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。
请记住:
清后[t],元浊[d],[t][d]之后读[id]。
①清辅音[p][k][f][s]等后,ed要读[t]。
如:
worked,finished。
②元音或浊辅音[b][g][v][z][m]等后,ed要读[d]。
如:
lived,called。
③[t]或[d]后,ed读[id]。
如:
started,needed。
b.不规则动词变化
不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
1.动词原形和过去式完全同形。
例:
hurt(伤害)put(放)let(让)
2.动词原形、过去式形式完全不同。
例:
give(给)gave fly(飞)flew drink(喝)drank see(看见)sawgo(去)went make-madeget-gotbuy-boughtcomecame know(知道)knew wear(穿)wore speak(说)spoke
be动词过去式有两种形式,主语是第一、三人称单数形式使用was,其他人称用were
6现在分词的变化规则
一般在动词原形词尾加-ing,gopushplaycarrygoing pushingplayingcarrying
以不发音的e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ingtakewriteleavetakingwritingleaving
重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果词尾只有一个辅音字母,要将该辅音字母双写,再加-ingcutstopfitbeginforgetcuttingstoppingfitting beginning forgetting
以ie结尾的动词,要把ie改为y,再加-ing
牛津英语6A英语语法
(二)一般过去时
定义:
表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。
结构:
“主语+动词的过去式”
用法:
1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
Hewashereyesterday.
Igotupatsevenyesterdaymorning.
Mymotherwasatworkyesterdayafternoon.
Didyouhaveagoodtimelastsummer?
2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
Mymotheroftenwenttoworkbytaxilastyear.
WhenIwasastudent,Ioftenlistenedtomusic.
3.常与一般过去时态连用的时间有:
atthattime,then,atthatmoment,yesterday,yesterdaymorning(afternoon,evening…)lastnight(week,month,year…),一 段时间+ago(severaldaysago),twodaysago,aweekago,threeyearsago…in1990,(in1997…),justnow,longbefore,long,longago
二.动词过去式构成规则
(一)1、一般在动词原形末尾加–ed
help→helped,look→looked,play→played,work→worked,listen→listened,wash→washed,clean→cleaned,
2、结尾是e的动词加--d
live---livedhope---hopeduse---usedlike---liked
3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加—ed
stop---stoppedplan---planned
4、结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“i”再加—ed
study---studiedcarry---carriedcry---criedworry→worried
(二)动词过去式的读音规则
规则动词加-ed的读音:
基本规则是轻轻,浊浊,既在轻辅音后加ed读轻辅音/t/。
在浊辅音及元音后加ed读浊辅音/d/。
例:
ask→asked/a:
skt/,cook→cooked/kukt/,pass→passed/pa:
st/,
例:
move→moved/mu:
vd/,live→lived/livd/,listen→listened/`lisnd/,stay→stayed/steid/
在/t//d/之后念/id/,即ed在/t//d/音后面念/id/
例:
shout→shouted//,start→started/sta:
tid/,want→wanted/wantid/,need→needed/`ni:
did/
(三)不规则动词的过去式:
a.过去式与动词原形的拼写形式相同:
let→let,put→put,read→read,(注意read的过去式读[red])
b.i→a:
begin→began,drink→drank,give→gave,ring→rang,sing→sang,sit→sat,swim→swam
c.i→o:
drive→drove,ride→rode,write→wrote
d.ow→ew:
grow→grew,know→knew,throw→threw
e.含ough或augh的:
bring→brought,buy→bought,think→thought;catch→caught,teach→taught
f.amis---was are---were do---did can---could come---came
不规则动词的过去式平时出现要留心,逐个熟记,注意积累。
三.句型转化:
1.be动词的过去时的句型如下:
(1)否定句:
主语+be动词的过去式(was,were)+not…
(2)疑问句:
be动词的过去式(was,were)+主语…?
a.Hewasbusyyesterday.(肯定句)他昨天很忙。
b.Hewasnotbusyyesterday.(否定句)他昨天不忙。
c.Washebusyyesterday?
(疑问句)他昨天忙吗?
d.Thereweren’tanyboysintheroom.房间里没有男孩儿。
e.Werethereanyboysintheroom?
房间里有男孩儿吗?
2.行为动词的否定式和疑问式:
(1)若肯定句中只有一个行为动词,那就得在行为动词前加上didnot或缩略式didn’t,并把这个行为动词由过去式改为动词原形。
例如:
a.IcalledLinTaoyesterdayafternoon.→Ididnot/didn’tcallLinTaoyesterdayafternoon.
b.IborrowedabookfromSunYanglastSunday.→Ididn’tborrowabookfromSunYanglastSunday.
(2)行为动词的一般疑问句
若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式,那就得在句首加上一个助动词did来帮助提问,然后把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形,并在句末打上问号。
回答时别忘了还用did.例如:
a.Westayedtherefor10dayslastmonth.→Didyoustaytherefor10dayslastmonth?
Yes,wedid./No,wedidn’t.
b.Maryhadadeliciousdinneryesterdayevening.→DidMaryhaveadeliciousdinneryesterdayevening?
Yes,shedid./No,shedidn’t
练习:
一.用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.We______(live)inJapanlastyear.
2.Susan_______(stop)thecaronthestreetyesterday.
3.Mymother_______(clean)myroomand______(study)fortheEnglishtestlastSunday.
4.What______you______(do)lastnight?
5.OnSaturdaymorningI_____(play)football.
二.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
(1)May__________(finish)herhomeworkverylateyesterdayevening.
(2)HanMei__________(bring)herpettotheparkthatday.
(3)Hisfather__________(buy)anewcomputerforhimlastweek.
(4)MissDu__________(walk)toworkeverydaylastterm.
(5)We__________(move)toShenyang8yearsago.
(6)__________you__________(have)breadforbreakfastthismorning?
(7)She__________(give)meanicepresentlastnight.
(8)Thepolice__________(stop)thecarand__________(catch)thethief(小偷)justnow.
(9)Tom__________(carry)waterfortheoldmanlastSaturday.
(10)UncleWang_____________(come)intotheroomand__________(find)somethingtoeat.
(11).Lily______________(study)intheclassroomfortwohoursandthen_________(leave).
(12).Jimmy__________(do)alottoday.He_________(go)shoppingand________(cook)supper.
(13).We_________(go)tothecinemalastnight.Thefilm___________(be)verygood.
(14).Whattime_________you__________(get)toschoolthismorning?
三.按要求变换下列句型,每空一词。
(1)WeiFangcleanedtheclassroomanhourago.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定和否定回答)
__________WeiFang__________theclassroomanhourago?
__________,she__________.
__________,she__________.
(2)LiHongdidherhomeworkyesterdayafternoon.(改为否定句)
LiHong____________________herhomeworkyesterdayafternoon.
(3)UncleLidroveatrucktoWuhanthreemonthsago(改成一般疑问句)
__________UncleLi__________atrucktoWuhanthreemonthsago?
(4)MissGaotaughtthemEnglishlastterm.(对划线部分提问)
____________________MissGao____________________English?
(5)MrRenalwayswenttoworkonfootlastyear.(对划线部分提问)
__________MrGao________toworklastyear?
(6)Lucydidherhomeworkathome.(改否定句)
Lucy______________herhomeworkathome.
(7)Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge.(变一般疑问句)
______he___________meatinthefridge?
(8)Shestayedthereforamonth.(对划线部分提问)
_________________she_____there?
(9)Therewassometeainthecup.(变一般疑问句)
_____there_____teainthecup?
四.选择
()1.Thetwo__________inthesameclasslastyear.
A.are B.was C.were
()2.---Where__________you?
----Iwenttobuysomefoodforsupper.
A.arego B.didgo C.dogo
()3.ThestudentsinLiLei’sclass__________onafarmlastweek.
A.work B.works C.worked
()4.__________thatworker__________inashoefactoryayearago?
A.Do,work B.Did,worked C.Did,work
()5.---Haveyoufoundyourpen?
----Yes,I__________ittwohoursago.
A.found B.find C.finded
()6.__________yourmother__________toworklastSaturday?
A.Did,go B.Do,go C.Does,go
()7.They__________notlatethedaybeforeyesterday.
A.did B.were C.are
()8.__________theyawayfromschoollastOctober?
A.Did B.Were C.Do
()9.__________you__________toschoollastSunday?
A.Did,come B.Do,come C.Were,come
()10.What__________they__________forbreakfastlastweek?
A.were,have B.did,have C.will,have
()11.Myfriend__________hishomeworkfifteenminutesago.
A.finish B.finishes C.finished
()12.Theboys__________onlytwosubjectslastterm,butthistermthey__________five.
A.have,have B.had,had C.had,have
()13.Why__________Ann__________TVlastnight?
A.didn’t,watch B.don’t,watch C.doesn’t,watch
()14.Theystoppedherebecausethey__________thewaytothestation.
A.didn’tknow B.don’tknow C.willknow
()15---Where__________youfindyourticket?
----I__________itontheground.
A.did,found B.do,found C.were,find
五.将下列各词重新排序使其成为正确的句子:
1.yougothedidtocityyesterday(?
)
_______________________________
2.didhewhatineateveningthe(?
)
______________________________
3.wentthereItaxiby(.)
______________________________
4.walkedtotheshebackschool(.)
______________________________
5.itrainywasyesterday(?
)
______________________________
答案
一.1.lived 2.stopped 3.cleanedstudied 4.diddo 5.played
二.1.finished 2.brought 3.bought 4.walked 5.moved 6.Did,have 7.gave 8.stopped,caught 9.carried 10.camefound. 11.studied;left 12.did;went;cooked 13.went;was 14.did;get
三.1.Did;clean;Yesshdid/Noshedidn’t 2.didn’tdo 3.Diddrive 4.When;did;teachthem. 5.Howdidgo 6.didn’tdo 7.Didfindany 8.Howlongdidstay 9.Wasany
四.1.C 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.B 11.C 12.C 13.A 14.A 15.A
五.1.Didyougotothecityyesterday?
2.Whatdidheeatintheevening?
3.Iwenttherebytaxi.
4.Shewalkedbacktotheschool.
5.Wasitrainyyesterday?
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 一般 过去式 用法
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)