英语八年级英语上册阅读理解知识点大全经典.docx
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英语八年级英语上册阅读理解知识点大全经典.docx
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英语八年级英语上册阅读理解知识点大全经典
【英语】八年级英语上册阅读理解知识点(大全)经典
一、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习(含答案解析)
1.阅读理解
ZhengHewasanamazingman.Hewasbornin1371.Tenyearslater,hewascaughtbythearmyofarichyoungmancalledZhuDiandmadetoworkforhim.OvertimetherichmansawthatZhengHewasverycleverandstrongandtheybecameclosefriends.In1403ZhuDibecamethekingofChinaandheaskedZhengHetojoinhisgovernment.
Thekingwantedtolearnmoreabouttheworldandshowothercountrieshispower.HeorderedmanynewshipstobebuiltandmadeZhengHetheirleader.Between1405and1433,ZhengHeledsomeseatripstodifferentpartsoftheworld.HecertainlytravelledtoIndia,AfricaandtheMiddleEast.AfewpeoplethinkhisshipshaveevenreachedSouthAmericaandAustralia.
Eachtriplastedmorethanoneyearanditisbelievedhesailedmorethan50,000kilometresduringtheyearsofhistravels.ZhengHeledafleetwithabout28,000menandover250ships,suchasboatsforfood,waterandevensoldiershorses.
OnthesetripshetookmanyChinesegoodslikesilkandmedicinewithhimtogivetoforeignkingsortosellforlocalgoods.Hereturnedfromeachtripwithboatswhichwerefilledwithexpensivethingssuchasgoldandtreasures,foreignguestsandstrangeanimalslikeagiraffe.
ItisapitythatwemayneverlearneverythingaboutZhengHe'stravels.TheColumbusoftheEast,ZhengHe,diedin1433.Afterthat.ThenewkinghadthesetripsstoppedandheburnedalmostallthebooksaboutZhengHe'stravels,becausehebelievedthetripswereunluckyandtooexpensive.Itisonlyinthelast50yearsthathistorianshavebeguntocarefullystudytheadventuresofgreatZhengHe.
(1)WhydidZhuIiwantZhengHetosailtomanydifferentcountries?
A. Tolearnmoreabouttheworld. B. TobringnewcountriesunderthecontrolofChina.
C. Toshowothercountrieshispower.
D. BothAandC
(2)WhatdoweknowaboutZhengHefromthepassage?
A. HetravelledtoIndiaandAfrica.
B. Eachtriplastedsixyears.
C. Whenhedied,hewas72yearsold.
D. Hewasagreatking
(3)WhichofthefollowingdidZhengHetaketoforeigncountriesfromChina?
A. Gold.
B. Treasures.
C. Giraffes.
D. Silk.
(4)What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?
A. Theking'ssevenseatrips
B. ZhengHe'stravelstoWesterncountries
C. ZhengHe—theColumbusoftheEast
D. ZhuDi,thegreatking
【答案】
(1)D
(2)A
(3)D
(4)C
【解析】【分析】文章大意:
短文介绍了郑和下西洋的故事,高度赞赏了郑和给予人类的贡献。
(1)细节理解题。
根据文中的语句Thekingwantedtolearnmoreabouttheworldandshowothercountrieshispower.HeorderedmanynewshipstobebuiltandmadeZhengHetheirleader.Between1405and1433,ZhengHeledsomeseatripstodifferentpartsoftheworld. 理解可知,郑和下西洋的主要目的就是向外国学习和向别国展示他的权利,故选D。
(2)细节理解题。
根据文中的语句 HecertainlytravelledtoIndia,AfricaandtheMiddleEast.AfewpeoplethinkhisshipshaveevenreachedSouthAmericaandAustralia.理解可知,郑和到达了印度,非洲以及中东地区,还有人认为他们到过南美以及澳大利亚,故选A。
(3)细节理解题。
根据文中的语句 OnthesetripshetookmanyChinesegoodslikesilkandmedicinewithhimtogivetoforeignkingsortosellforlocalgoods.理解可知,郑和下西洋给外国人带去的是中国的丝绸以及药品,故选D。
(4)理解归纳题。
通读全文可知此文主要介绍了郑和的生平事迹,他的最大贡献就是七次下西洋,促进了中国与世界各地的经济与文化的交流,是东方的哥伦布,故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文主要考查细节理解题,首先仔细阅读文后的问题,弄清问题的大意;然后带着问题阅读短文,抓住关键信息,选择正确答案。
2.阅读理解
In1969,humanslandedonthemoonforthefirsttime.Now,manyothercountrieswanttogothereaswell.Why?
Themoonhasalotofminerals(矿物质)andotherusefulthings.Wewanttofindoutifwecanusethem.Themoonisourclosestneighborinspace.Wecanuseitasareststation.Then,wecanlearnmoreaboutotherplanetsfarawayinspace.
Themoonis3,474kilometersindiameter(直径).Itisaboutone-fourththesizeofEarth.IfEarthisthesizeofabasketball,themoonisthesizeofatennisball.
ThemoonhasmuchlessgravitythanEarth.Ifyoucanjump1.5metersonEarth,youcanjump9metersonthemoon.
Themoonisveryquiet.Thereisnosoundthere.Therearealotofgreyrocksonit.Themoon'sskyisalwaysblack.
Ourmoonisabout384,400kilometersawayfromEarth.ThetotallengthoftheGreatWallisabout21,200kilometers.Wewouldhavetoputabout____GreatWallsendtoendtoreachthemoon!
(1)Wecanput________intotheblankinthelastParagraph?
A. 14 B. 16 C. 18 D. 20
(2)Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat____________.
A. In1969,Chinesefirstlandedonthemoon
B. Themoonhasminerals,soundandrock
C. Themoonisthesizeofatennisball
D. Theearthhasmoregravitythanthemoon
(3)Thepassageismainlyabout____________.
A. whypeoplewanttogotothemoon
B. howbigthemoonis
C. howfarthemoonisfromtheearth
D. whatthemoonislike
【答案】
(1)C
(2)D
(3)D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了月球相关的知识。
(1)细节题。
根据Ourmoonisabout384,400kilometersawayfromEarth.ThetotallengthoftheGreatWallisabout21,200kilometers月球到地球大概384,000公里,长城长21,200公里,可知384,000是21,200的18倍,故连接18个长城可以到店月球,故选C。
(2)细节题。
根据 ThemoonhasmuchlessgravitythanEarth可知地球的吸引力要比月球大,故选D。
(3)主旨题。
根据通读全文可知本文介绍了月球的样子,故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题主旨题2种常考题型,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案,主旨题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出中心思想。
3.阅读理解
3Dprintingisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Wearenowabletoprintthingssuchasclothing,prostheticlimbs(假肢),musicalinstruments(乐器)andsoon.Peopleandbusinessesareabletocreatethethingstheyneedveryquicklyandeasilyusing3Dprinters.
Butcanyouimagineprintingfood?
Somescientistsaretryingtorevolutionizeoureatingexperiencebydoingthis.Theyhopethathavinga3Dprinterinthekitchenwillbecomeasusualasthemicrowaveorblender.Scientistssaythattheyareeasytouse:
yousimplyhavetochoosearecipeandputthefood"inks"intotheprinter.Youcanalsochangetheinstructionstomakethefoodexactlyhowyouwantit.Thismeansthatitwouldbeveryquickandeasytocreatedeliciousmeals.
Using3Dprinterstocreateyourmealswouldalsobesavingtheenvironment.Therewouldbelessneedfortraditionalgrowing,transporting(运输)andpackagingasfoodproductionwouldbequickerandeasier.
Printingfoodcouldalsohelppeoplewhosufferfromdysphasia(吞咽障碍症).Theycouldprogram(为…编程)theprintertoprintsofterversionsoftheirfavoritefoodssothattheywouldnothavetroubleeatingthem.
However,somepeoplethinkthatthefutureof3D-printedfoodwouldbeadisaster.Itcouldtakeawaymanyjobs,includingthoseforgrowing,transportingandpackagingfood.Imagineaworldwheretherewasnoneedforfarmingorgrowingcropsandthesametastescouldbeprintedfromaraw"foodink".Similarly,traditionalcafesandrestaurantsmightlosebusiness.Also,thereareworriesabouttheprintedfood:
isitreallypossibletogetthenutrients(营养物)weneedfromfood-basedinksandgels?
What'smore,cookingandeatingtogetherwithfamilyandfriendshaslongbeenatraditionalandenjoyableactivity.Itishardtoimagineaworldwherethefunofcookingisdeadandmealscanbedoneatthetouchofabutton.
(1)Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttoprintfood?
A. Choosearecipe.
B. Programtheprinter.
C. Changetheinstructions. D. Putfood"inks"intotheprinter.
(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"revolutionize"inParagraph2probablymean?
A. Rememberclearly. B. Takeseriously. C. Changecompletely. D. Teachcarefully.
(3)Whichcouldbetheadvantage(好处)of3Dfoodprinting?
A. Savingtheenvironment.
B. Givingpeoplenutrients.
C. Helpingwithtraditionalfarming.
D. Offeringmorejobchances.
(4)Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?
A. Whyis3Dprintingsopopular?
B. Will3Dprintingbethefutureoffood?
C. 3Dfoodprintersinthekitchens
D. Differentopinionson3Dprinting
【答案】
(1)A
(2)C
(3)A
(4)B
【解析】【分析】主要讲述3D打印技术,人们能用3D打印机创造像衣服,假肢,乐器等等东西。
(1)细节题,根据yousimplyhavetochoosearecipe.可知首先必须选择食谱,故选A。
(2)词句猜测题,根据Somescientistsaretryingtorevolutionizeoureatingexperiencebydoingthis.Theyhopethathavinga3Dprinterinthekitchenwillbecomeasusualasthemicrowaveorblender.一些科学家正在努力通过做这个来改变我们的饮食经验,可推出revolutionize意思为“完全改变”,故选C。
(3)细节题,根据Using3Dprinterstocreateyourmealswouldalsobesavingtheenvironment.可知使用3D打印机对我们的环境有益,故选A。
(4)主旨题,本文主要是讲未来用3D的优点和缺点,而且作者在最后一段Itishardtoimagineaworldwherethefunofcookingisdeadandmealscanbedoneatthetouchofabutton.提出了质疑,选项B符合标题,故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力,细节题、词句猜测题及主旨题是阅读理解题中常见题型,细节题需要在文中寻找答案;词句猜测题需要联系上下文推出词句的意思;主旨题需要通读全文了解大意,得出中心思想。
4.阅读理解
TheChineseswimmerFuYuanhui,knowninthecountryforthe"walkingexpressionpackage",appearedatCCTV'sannualSpringFestivalGala,the
MostwatchedtelevisionprograminChina.
FuYuanhuiisaChina'sswimmer.ShecamethirdinWomen's100-meterbackstroke(仰泳)finalsatRioOlympicsin2016.Peoplebecamecrazyaboutthe1996-bormgirl,notbecauseofherperformanceorherachievement,butbecauseofhercheerfulanswers.
Finishingthe100-meterbackstrokewith58.95seconds,Futhoughtitwas59seconds,andshewasquitesurprisedwiththeresult.ThiswasthefirstmomentwhensheimpressedChineseaudience(观众)withhersurprisinglookandbodylanguageinfrontofthecamera.Thesecondtimewasherhonestanddirectanswertothequestion:
"Wek
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