汕头市高考英语 阅读理解训练经典题目附答案.docx
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汕头市高考英语 阅读理解训练经典题目附答案.docx
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汕头市高考英语阅读理解训练经典题目附答案
汕头市高考英语阅读理解训练经典题目(附答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
CassandraFeeleyfindsithardtomanageonherhusband'sincome.Sothisyearshedidsomethingmorethanahobby.Sheplantedvegetablesinheryard.Forherfirstgarden,Ms.Feeleyhasputin15tomatoplants,andfiverowsofavarietyofvegetables.Thefamily'soldfarmhousehasbecomeachickenhouse,itsresidentsarrivingnextmonth.Lastyear,Ms.RitaGartinkeptasmallgarden.Thisyearshehasmadeitmuchlargerbecause,shesaid,"ThecostofeverythingisgoingupandIwaslookingtoloseafewpoundstoo;soit'sawin-winsituationallaround."
TheyareamongthegrowingnumberofAmericanswho,drivenbyhigherlivingcostsandafallingeconomy,havetakenupvegetablegardeningforthefirsttime.Othershaveincreasedthesizeoftheirexistinggardens.Seedcompaniesandgardenshopssaythatnotsincethe1970shastherebeensuchanincreaseininterestingrowingfoodathome.Nowmanygardensacrossthecountryhavebeensoldoutforseveralmonths.InAustin,Tex,someofthegardenshaveathree-yearwaitinglist.
GeorgeCBallJr.ownerofacompany,saidsalesofvegetableseedsandplantsareupby40%,overlastyear,doubletheaveragegrowthoflastfiveyears.Mr.Ballarguesthatsomeofthereasonshavebeenbuildingforthelastfewyears.Thebigoneisstrikingriseinthecostonfoodlikebreadandmilk,togetherwiththeincreasesinthepriceoffruitandvegetables.Foodpriceshaveincreaseofhigheroilprice.Peoplearedrivingless,takingfewervacations,sothereismoretimetogarden.
(1)Whatdoestheword"residents"inParagraph1probablyreferto?
A. chickens B. tomatoes C. gardens D. people
(2)Whyisvegetablegardeningbecomingincreasinglypopular?
A. MoreAmericansaredoingitforfun.
B. Thepriceofoilislowerthanbefore.
C. There'sagrowingneedforfruits.
D. Thecostoflivingisontherise.
(3)Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?
A. FamilyFoodPlanning
B. BankingonGardening
C. ABelt-tighteningMove
D. GardeningasaHobby
【答案】
(1)A
(2)D
(3)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,越来越多的美国人在自家花园里种菜,分析出现这一现象的原因是由于生活成本的上升和经济的下降,人们不得不自己种菜以降低生活成本。
(1)考查词义猜测。
根据第一段中的“Thefamily'soldfarmhousehasbecomeachickenhouse,itsresidentsarrivingnextmonth.”可知,CassandraFeeley的旧房子成为了养鸡的地方,下个月新的居民就要来了。
这里的新居民就是指他们所养的鸡。
故选A。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“TheyareamongthegrowingnumberofAmericanswho,drivenbyhigherlivingcostsandafallingeconomy,havetakenupvegetablegardeningforthefirsttime.”可知,菜园的出现是由于生活成本的上升以及经济的下降导致的。
故选D。
(3)考查主旨大意。
纵观全文可知,本文讲述了越来越多的美国人在自家花园里种菜,分析出现这一现象的原因是由于生活成本的上升和经济的下降。
文章并没有涉及家庭食物计划和紧缩活动,更不是把园艺当成爱好。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断,词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
AnexperimentalcleanupdevicecalledRemoveDEBRIShassuccessfullycastanetaroundadummy(仿真的)satellite,imitatingatechniquethatcouldonedaycollectspacebornegarbage.
Thetest,whichwascarriedoutthisweek,iswidelybelievedtobethefirstsuccessfuldemonstrationofspacecleanuptechnology,expertstoldCNN.Anditsymbolizesanearlysteptowardsolvingwhathasalreadybeenacriticalissue:
junkinspace.
Millionsofpiecesofjunkareturningaroundinorbittheresultof50yearsofspacetravelandfewregulationstokeepspaceclean.Atorbitalspeeds,evenasmallbitofpaintcrashingwithasatellitecancausecriticaldamage.
Variouscompanieshaveplanstosendthousandsofnewsatellitesintolow-Earthorbit,alreadythemostcrowdedarea.
TheRemoveDEBRISexperimentisrunbyacompanyandresearchersledbytheU.K.'sSurreySpaceCenterandincludesAirbus,Airbus-ownedSurreySatelliteTechnologyLtd.andFrance'sArianeGroup.
GuglielmoAglietti,thedirectorofSurreySpaceCenter,saidthatanoperationalversionoftheRemoveDEBRlStechnologywouldcastanetthatremainsfastenedtothemainsatellitesothedebriscanbedraggedoutoforbit.Itcouldtargetlargepiecesofjunk,includingdeadsatellitesupto10meterslong.
TheRemoveDEBRISsatellitewillconductafewmoreexperimentsinthecomingmonths,includingtestingnavigationfeaturesthatcouldhelpguidethesatellitetoaspecificpieceofdebris.
JonathanMcDowell,anastrophysicistattheHarvard-SmithsonianCenterforAstrophysics,saidthesuccessofthisweek'sexperimentwasexciting,buthecautionedagainst"over-publicizing"it.
Therearestillenormousbarrierstoclearbeforeoperationalcleanuptasksareunderway,hesaid,andthemostdiscouragingisfiguringouthowtofundsuchprojects.
Aglietti,theSurreyprofessorwhohelpedleadtheRemoveDEBRISproject,said"Thechallengewilllieinpersuadingtherelevantauthoritiestosponsorthesetasks."AgliettisaidhehopesRemoveDEBRISwillconductafewcleanuptasksperyear,targetingthelargestpiecesofjunkinthemostcrowdedorbits.
(1)WhatistheuseoftheRemoveDEBRISsatellite?
A. Demonstratingspacetechnology.
B. Imitatingadevelopingtechnique.
C. Collectingwastesexistinginspace.
D. Symbolizinggreatprogressinspace.
(2)HowdoestheRemoveDEBRlSsatellitework?
A. Bythrowinganettotakethejunkfromorbit.
B. Byfasteningittothemainsatellitetightly.
C. Bydraggingsatellitesupto10meterslong.
D. Bytargetinglargepiecesofjunkcarefully.
(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sponsor"inthelastparagraphprobablymean?
A. Accomplish.
B. Support.
C. Oppose.
D. Provide.
(4)What'sthebesttitleforthetext?
A. TheRemoveDEBRISProjectIsPerfect
B. HowRemoveDEBRISIsInventedintheLab
C. WhytheRemoveDEBRISSatelliteIsInvented
D. SatelliteCollectsSpaceJunkfortheFirstTime
【答案】
(1)C
(2)A
(3)B
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了“卫星首次收集太空垃圾。
”一种名为“清除碎片”的实验清理设备成功地在一颗虚拟卫星周围撒网,模仿一种有朝一日可能收集太空垃圾的技术。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中“...,imitatingatechniquethatcouldonedaycollectspacebornegarbage.”模仿一种有一天可以收集太空垃圾的技术。
可知,theRemoveDEBRIS卫星的用途是收集太空中存在的废物。
故选C。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第六段中的“...,saidthatanoperationalversionoftheRemoveDEBRlStechnologywouldcastanetthatremainsfastenedtothemainsatellitesothedebriscanbedraggedoutoforbit.Itcouldtargetlargepiecesofjunk,includingdeadsatellitesupto10meterslong.“该公司表示,一种操作性版本的RemoveDEBRlS技术将会在主卫星上撒网,这样碎片就可以被拖出轨道。
它可以瞄准大块的垃圾,包括长达10米的报废卫星。
”可知,RemoveDEBRlS卫星是通过撒网把垃圾带离轨道。
故选A。
(3)考查词义猜测。
根据最后一段中的”AgliettisaidhehopesRemoveDEBRISwillconductafewcleanuptasksperyear,targetingthelargestpiecesofjunkinthemostcrowdedorbits.“Aglietti说,他希望清理碎片的工作每年能进行几次,目标是最拥挤轨道上最大的垃圾碎片。
可知,“挑战在于说服有关当局赞助这些任务。
”可知,划线词的意思是“支持”。
故选B。
(4)考查主旨大意。
根据第二段中的”Thetest,whichwascarriedoutthisweek,iswidelybelievedtobethefirstsuccessfuldemonstrationofspacecleanuptechnology,expertstoldCNN.Anditsymbolizesanearlysteptowardsolvingwhathasalreadybeenacriticalissue:
junkinspace.“专家告诉CNN,本周进行的这次测试被广泛认为是太空清洁技术的首次成功演示。
它象征着解决太空垃圾这一关键问题的第一步。
可知,本文主题是“卫星首次收集太空垃圾”。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断,词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查,是一篇科技类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Itseemswe'realwaysbeingtoldtogetmoresleep.Studiessuggestspendinglesstimeonsleepcanleadtoobesity(肥胖)andevencancer.Youmightevenfindyourselfwithaheadfulloffalsememories.Butrarelydoesscienceexplorethedarksideofsleepingtoomuch.That'sbecausefewofusintoday'sbusyworldhavetheluckofexploringthatoption.
InanAugust2018study,publishedintheJournaloftheAmericanHeartAssociation,researchersresearchedthesleeppatternsofthose"fortunate"fewandfoundtheymaynotbesoluckyafterall.Infact,theyfoundpeoplewhogetmorethaneighthoursofsleephavegreaterhealthriskcomparedtothosewhosleeptogetherlessthansevenhours.What'smore,sleep-aholics-thosewhomanagetoget10hoursanight-standa30percenthigherchanceofdyingcomparedtotheseven-hourcrowd.
Thewide-rangingglobalstudyinvolved(涉及)morethanthreemillionpeoplewhoself-reportedontheirsleephabitsandcametoaneye-openingconclusion:
Ifyoutendtosleepalot,youmaywanttobuyanalarmclock.Aswithallthingsinlife,sleepisbesttakeninmoderation(适度).
Youmaybethinking:
WhatifIonlysleepinonSaturdayandSunday,amIstillatrisk?
Theanswerisyes,accordingtoa2019studypublishedinCurrentBiology. Researchersdiscoveredthatevenifapersonsleepsmorethansevenhoursontheweekendsbutstillsleepslessthanthatonweeknights,theyareatriskofgainingweightanddevelopingsensitivitytoinsulin,whichcontrolsthelevelofsugarinblood.
Forthestudy,36participantsweredividedintothreegroupsthateachhadadifferentsleepschedule:
ninehourseverynight,fivehourseverynight,andfivehoursfromMondaytoFridayandsleepingmuchonweekends.Peoplewhogettoomuchsleeptendtofeeltiredandlackenergy.Also,bothsleep-deprived(睡眠不足的)groupsconsumemorefoodandgainweight.
(1)Whyistheharmfuleffectofsleepingtoomuchseldomstudied?
A. Fewpeoplehavetimetosleeptoomuch.
B. Lackofsleepcausesmuchmoreharm.
C. Itturnsouttobeahealthysleeppattern.
D. People'shealthhasnothingtodowithit.
(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedwords"those'fortunate'few"inparagraph2referto?
A. Thoseleadingarelaxinglife.
B. Thosegettingtoomuchsleep.
C. Thosewithlesstimetosleep. D. Thosewithnosl
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