考研英语914doc.docx
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考研英语914doc.docx
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考研英语914doc
考研英语-914
(总分:
100.00,做题时间:
90分钟)
一、SectionⅠUseofEng(总题数:
1,分数:
10.00)
Thefactthatblindpeoplecan"see"thingsusingotherpartsoftheirbodiesapartfromtheireyesmayhelpustounderstandourfeelingsaboutcolor.Iftheycan
(1)colordifferences,thenperhapswe,too,areaffectedby
(2)unconsciously.Manufacturershavediscoveredby(3)thatsugarsellsbadlyingreenwrappings,(4)bluefoodsareconsideredunpleasant,andthecosmeticsshouldneverbepackaged(5)brown.Thesediscoverieshavegrown(6)awholedisciplineofcolorpsychologythatnowfinds(7)ineverythingfromfashiontointeriordecoration.Someofour(8)areclearlypsychological.Darkblueisthecolorofthenightskyand(9)associatedwithpassivityandcalm,whileyellowisadaycolorwith(10)ofenergyandincentive.Forprimitiveman,activityduringtheday(11)huntingandattacking,whilehesoonsawasred,thecolorofbloodandrageandtheheatthatcame(12)effort.Andgreenisassociatedwithpassive(13)andselfpreservation.Experimentshave(14)thatgreen,partlybemuseofitsphysiologicalassociations,alsohasadirectpsychological(15),itisacalmingcolor.(16)itsexcitingconnotations,redwaschosenasthesignalforchanger,(17)closeranalysisshowsthatavividyellowcanproducea(18)basicstateofalertnessand(19),sofireenginesandambulancesinsomeadvancedcommunitiesarenow(20)aroundinbrightyellowcolorsthatstopthetrafficdead.
(分数:
10.00)
A.see
B.reckon
C.distinguish
D.sense
A.color
B.which
C.it
D.that
A.experiments
B.trialanderror
C.facts
D.studies
A.that
B.when
C.if
D.but
A.by
B.through
C.in
D.with
A.into
B.up
C.outof
D.at
A.advantage
B.error
C.shortage
D.application
A.charms
B.thoughts
C.preferences
D.actions
A.much
B.therefore
C.correctly
D.appropriately
A.associations
B.influences
C.elements
D.characteristics
A.made
B.created
C.lookedlike
D.meant
A.without
B.despite
C.making
D.with
A.offense
B.defense
C.attack
D.meaning
A.castlight
B.declared
C.shown
D.denied
A.effect
B.influence
C.affection
D.implication
A.Withaviewto
B.Becauseof
C.Withtheintentionof
D.Inspiteof
A.meanwhile
B.furthermore
C.moreover
D.but
A.more
B.very
C.quite
D.much
A.surprise
B.fright
C.alarm
D.fear
A.running
B.rushing
C.moving
D.driving
二、SectionⅡReadingCo(总题数:
0,分数:
0.00)
三、PartA(总题数:
0,分数:
0.00)
四、Text1(总题数:
1,分数:
10.00)
Thenewspapermustprovideforthereaderthefacts,unalloyed,unslanted(不歪曲的),objectivelyselectedfacts.Butinthedaysofcomplexnewsitmustprovidemore;itmustsupplyinterpretation,themeaningofthefacts.ThisisthemostimportantassignmentconfrontingAmericanjournalism—tomakecleartothereadertheproblemsoftheday,tomakeinternationalnewsasunderstandableascommunitynews,torecognizethatthethereisnolongeranysuchthingas"local"news,bemuseanyeventintheinternationalareahasalocalreactioninmanpowerdraft,ineconomicstrain,interms,indeed,ofourveryWayoflife.
Thereisinjournalismawidespreadviewthatwhenyouembarkoninterpretation,youareenteringdangerouswaters,theswirlingtidesofopinion.Thisisnonsense.
Theopponentsofinterpretationinsistthatthewriterandtheeditorshallconfinehimselftothe"facts".Thisinsistenceraisestwoquestions:
Whatarethefacts?
And:
Arethebarefactsenough?
Astothefirstquery.Considerhowaso-called"factual"storycomesabout.Thereportercollects,say,fiftyfacts;outofthesefifty,hisspaceallotmentbeingnecessarilyrestricted,heselectsthetenwhichheconsidersmostimportant.ThisisJudgmentNumberOne.Thenheorhiseditordecideswhichofthesetenfactsshallconstitutetheleadofthepiece.(Thisisanimportantdecisionbemusemanyreadersdonotproceedbeyondthefirstparagraph.)ThisisJudgmentsNumberTwo.Thenthenighteditordetermineswhetherthearticleshallbepresentedonpageone,whereithaslargerimpact,oronpagetwenty-four,whereithaslittle,JudgmentNumberThree.
Thus,inthepresentationofaso-called"factual"or"objective"story,atleastthreejudgmentsareinvolved.Andtheyarejudgmentsnotatallunlikethoseinvolvedininterpretation,inwhichreporterandeditor,callingupontheirresearchresources,theirgeneralbackground,andtheir"newsneutralism"arriveataconclusionastothesignificanceofthenews.
Thetwoareasofjudgment,presentationofthenewsanditsinterpretation,arebothobjectiveratherthansubjectiveprocesses—asobjective,thatis,asanyhumanbeingcanbe.(Noteinpassing:
eventhoughcompleteobjectivitycanneverbeachieved,neverthelesstheidealmustalwaysbethebeacononthemurkynewschannels.)ifaneditorisintentonslantingthenews.hecandoitinotherwaysandmoreeffectivelythanbyinterpretation.Hecandoitbytheselectionofthosefactsthatpropup(支持)hisparticularplea.Orhecandoitbytheplaywhenhegivesastorypromotingittopageoneordemotingittopagethirty.
(分数:
10.00)
(1).Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis______.(分数:
2.00)
A."InterpretingtheNews"
B."EverythingCounts"
C."SubjectiveVersusObjectiveProcesses"
D."ChoosingFacts"
(2).Whydoesthewriterofanarticleselecttenoutof50availablefacts?
(分数:
2.00)
A.Hiseditorisprejudiced.
B.Thesubjectisnotimportant.
C.Spaceislimited.
D.Readerswouldprefershortstones.
(3).Whyshouldtheleadsentencepresentthemostimportantfact?
(分数:
2.00)
A.Itwillinfluencethereadertocontinue.
B.Itwillbethebestwaytowrite.
C.Somereadersdonotreadbeyondthefirstparagraph.
D.Itwillgratifytheeditor.
(4).WhatistheLEASTeffectivewayof"slanting"news?
(分数:
2.00)
A.Interpretation.
B.Selection.
C.Placement.
D.Concentration.
(5).Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardtheinterpretationofnews?
(分数:
2.00)
A.Approving.
B.Concerned.
C.Critical,
D.Indifferent.
五、Text2(总题数:
1,分数:
10.00)
MuchoftheAmericananxietyaboutoldageisaflightfromtherealityofdeath.OneofthestrikingqualitiesoftheAmericancharacteristheunwillingnesstofaceeitherthefactormeaningofdeath.InthemoresombertraditionofAmericanliterature-fromHawthorneandMelvilleandPoetoFaulknerandHemingway—onefindsatragicdepththatbeliesthesurfacethinnessoftheordinaryAmericandeathattitudes.Byaneffortoftheimagination,thegreatwritersfacedproblemsthatthecultureinactionisreluctanttoface—thefactofdeath,itsmystery,anditsplacein.theback-and-forthshuttlingoftheeternalrecurrence.TheunblinkingconfrontationofdeathinGreektime,theelaboratetheologicalpatternswovenarounditintheMiddleAges,theritualcelebrationofitintherich,peasantculturesofLatinandSlavicEuropeandinprimitivecultures;thesearedifficulttofindinAmericanlife.
Whetherthroughfearoftheemotionaldepths,orbecauseofadryingupofthesluicesofreligiousintensity,theAmericanavoidsdwellingondeathorevencorningtotermswithit;hefindsitmorbidandrecoilsfromit,surroundingitwithwordavoidance(Americansneverdie;they"passaway,")andvarioustaboosofspeechandpractice.A"funeralparlor"isdecoratedtolooklikeabank;everythinginafuneralceremonyisdoneinhushedtones,asifitweresomethingfurtive,tobeconcealedfromtheworld;thereissomuchemphasisonbeingdignifiedthattheceremonyoftenlosesitsqualityofdignity.Insomeoftheprimitivecultures,thereisdifficultyinunderstandingthemusesofdeath;itseemspuzzlingandevenunintelligible.Livinginascientificculture,Americanshaveareadyenoughexplanationofhowitcomes,yettheyshowlittlecapacitytocometotermswiththefactofdeathitselfandwiththegriefthataccompaniesit."Wejubilateoverbirthanddanceatweddings",writesMargaretMead,"butmoreandmorehustlethedeathoffthescenewithoutceremony,withoutanopportunityforyoungandoldtorealizethatdeathisasmuchafactoflifeasisbirth".Andonemayadd,eveninitshurryandbrevity,thelaststageofanAmerican'slife—thelastoccasionofthisrelationtohissociety—isasstandardizedastherest.
(分数:
10.00)
(1).Unwillingnesstofacedeathis______.(分数:
2.00)
A.acharacteristicofAmericansociety
B.aqualityfoundinallcivilizations
C.aqualityinheritedfromourLatinancestors
D.astrikingqualityoftheAmericancharacter
(2).InthenovelsofHawthorneandMelville,onewillfind______.(分数:
2.00)
A.ordinaryAmericandeathattitudes
B.awillingnesstoacceptdeathasafactoflife
C.asuperficialattitudetowarddeath
D.thefoundationofmodernAmericanbeliefsaboutdeath
(3).Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
(分数:
2.00)
A.InGreektimes,peoplewereafraidoffacingdeath.
B.IntheMiddleAges,deathwassurroundedbytheelaboratetheologicalpatterns.
C.Inprimitivecultures,deathwascelebratedritually.
D.InAmericanlife,peoplehardlymentiondeat
(4).Intheauthor'sopinion,Americanrefusetodwellontheideaofdeath______>(分数:
2.00)
A.outoffearoftheemotionaldepths
B.becausetheynolongerareintenselyreligions
C.becausetheyarematerialists
D.eitherAorB
(5).MargaretMeadsuggeststhat______.(分数:
2.00)
A.weshouldnotrejoiceatabirth
B.weshouldcryatabirthandrejoiceatafuneral
C.aweddingshouldbesolemnaffair
D.deathshouldbeacceptedinthesamespiritasmarriageandbirth
六、Text3(总题数:
1,分数:
10.00)
InrecentyearsAmericansocietyhasbecomeincreasinglydependentonitsuniversitiestofindsolutionstoitsmajorproblems.Itistheu
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