英语导游词范文英文的导游词范文.docx
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英语导游词范文英文的导游词范文.docx
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英语导游词范文英文的导游词范文
[英语导游词范文]英文的导游词范文
英文导游词范文——陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词
thegreatmosqueathuajuelane
themosqueisamajorspotforreligiousactivitiesofover60.000moslemsinxi’an,likewise,animportantculturalrelicprotectedbytheprovincialpeople’sgovernment.unlikethearabicmosques,withsplendiddomes,theminaretsreachingintotheclouds,thecoulourfulengravedsketcheswithdazzlingpatterns,themosquehereinxi’anpossessesmuchchinesetraditionaltouchinbothitsdesignandartisticoutlook;besidesthestylepeculiartoislamicmosques,thismosquealsoholdscharacteristicsofchinesepavilionswithpaintedbeamsandengravedridgepoles.
however,anyfurtherdiscussionaboutthemosquewillbefutileunlessanythingoftheintroductionofislamintochinaisbroughtup.
islamasareligiousorderwasfoundedintheearlyperiodofthe7thcenturya.d.andwasintroducedtochinainthemid-600s.atthattime,arabianmerchantsandtravelerscametothenorthwestofchinabywayofpersiaandafghanistanandthusestablisheddiplomatic,trade,andmilitarycontactswithchina.inthemeantime,anotherroutesawabatchofseavoyagersthroughbangladeshbayandthemalaccastraittochina’sguangzhou,quanzhou,huangzhou,yangzhouandothercitieswheremanyofthemsettleddownandmarriedthelocalwomenwholatergavebirthtobabieswhothenbecamemoslems.
however,massiveimmigrationofthemoslemstochinadidnottakeplaceuntilaslateastheearlyperiodofthe13thcentury,whengenghiskhan,asaresultofhisexpeditionagainstthewest,hadconqueredvastexpansesoflandstretchingfromcentralasiatoeasterneurope,includingthenorthofiran.manyofthemoslemsintheconqueredareaswerethusforcedtoenlistandlatersettledinchina.
amongtheenlistedmanyweresoldiers,andsomeweresmithsandofficialswhowerecalledthehuipeopleinthehistorybooksontheyuandynasty.thehuipeoplelaterfollowedkublaikhandowntothesouth,helpinghimunifyingchinaandthenestablishtheyuandynasty.inthewakeoftheconquest,islamspreadalloverchinaandmosquesbegantoappeareverywhere.intheyuandynasty,manymoslemsheldpositionsbothinthemilitaryandcivilianorgansofthecountry.andalotofthemoslemstookpartinzhuyuanzhang’suprisingintheearly14thcenturyandmadegreatcontributionstothefoundingofthemingdynasty.therefore,alltheemperorsofthedynastyissuedmandatestoprotectislam,andtosetupmosquesinpraiseofthemoslemsfortheirfeats.intheearly16thcentury,islampredominatedqinghaiontheminoritynationalitiesincludingthehuis,theuygurs,thekazaks,thekirgizes,thetajiks,thetartars,theozbeks,thedongxiangs,thesalarsandthebonans.themoslemsinxi’anaremainlythehuis,beingasmallportionoutofthetenmillioninchina.
themosqueathuajuelaneisthelargestinxi’an,andatthesametime,itisalsooneoftheearliestbuiltonaparativelylargescale,andwellpreservedmosquesinchina.
accordingto“thesteleonthebuildingofthemosque”,themosqueissaidtobebuiltinthetangdynasty.however,thearchitecturalstyleofthemosquesuggestsapossiblebuildingdatingbacktothemingdynasty.thefourcourtyardsofthemosquecoveranareaofmorethan12,000squaremeters,outofwhichabout4,000areoccupiedbyvariousstructures.thestillintactwoodenfrontmemorialgatewayofthefrontyard,builtattheturnofthe17thcentury,withglazedtilesonthetop,spectacularcornersandupturnedeaves,isabout9metreshigh,andhasahistoryofabout360years.thestonememorialgatewayinthecenterofthesecondcourtyardisflankedwithatailsteleoneithersidewithdragonscarvedoneach,recordingtherepairworkeversincethebuildingofthemosque.onthebackofoneofthestelesareengravedcharactersbythemastercalligraphermifu,“maybuddhismfilltheuniverse”,ontheother,“royal-bestowed”bydongqichang,anothermasterofthesameartofthemingdynasty.theyaretreasuresinchinesecalligraphy.attheentranceofthethirdcourtyardisanimperialbuilthall,wherea“monthtablet”,showingthecalculationofthehuicalendarsinarabic,isstored.itwaspiledbyamaninchargeofthemosquecalledxiaominingintheearlyperiodoftheqingdynasty.athree–storeyedoctagonalwoodenstructurecalled“retrospectiontower”alsostandsinthecenterofthecourtyard,whichhasthesamefunctionastheminaretinislamictemplesinarabiccountries,andwhichisaplacefromwhereordersweresenttocallthemoslemstoetoworship.respectively,onthesouthandnorthwingsofthetower,areareceptionchamberandascripturechamber,bothelegantlylaidout.thefivewoodenhouses,whicharecalled“waterhouses”inthesouthwestsectionofthemosquearetheplacewherethebelieversbathethemselvesbeforetheyattendtheirservices.andinsidethefourthcourtyardthereisastructurecalled“thepavilionofphoenix”,aplacewheretheworshipersusedtowaitfortheservices.thepavilion,infact,isapoundstructureofthreesmallbuildings.thesi__gabledstructureofthecentralpart,adjoiningthetwothree-gabledbuildingsoneachsidelooksverymuchlikeaflyingphoenix,andhenceitsname.justatthebackofthepavilion,thereisafishpond,beyondwhichisaplatformoccupyinganareaaslargeas700m2.acrossbothendsoftheplatformstandsthe1,300squaremeteredservicehall,holdingoverathousandworshipersatonce.thereareoversixhundredsunkpanelswellasthesunkpanels,aredecoratedwithpatternsofpaintedtrailingplantsandarabicletterings.theimamleadshisgroupofworshipers,whilefacinginthedirectionofmecca,tochantinkoranandtopaytheirreligioushomage.
themoslemsinchinashareverymuchthesamecustomswiththeirbrothersandsisterselsewhereintheworld.theyworshipfivetimesaday:
atdawn,atnoon,intheafternoon,atdusk,andatnight.femaleworshipersattendtheirservicesinaseparatedplacefromtheirbrothers,usuallyathome.moslemspayspecialattentiontotheirhealthandseethattheyalwayswearcleanclothes.theyareteetotalersnotonlyofwine,butalsoofporkandanimalbloodforinkoranpigshavebeenmentionedfourtimesasbeing“unclean”.accordingtokoran,amancanhavefourwivesandwomenshouldwearveilswhentheygoout.however,exceptafewplacesinxinjiang,thechinesepractisemonogamyandwomenareveilesswhentheygoout.uponhisdeath,amoslemhastobe“thoroughlycleaned”(thoroughlybathed),hastobeputon“kefan”(tobeshroudedwithapieceofwhitecloth)andhastobeburiedcoffinlessintheground,withanimamrecitingscripturesatthefuneral.
thechineseconstitutionpromulgatesthatfreedomofreligionofeachcitizenandfreedomofpreservingorreforminglocalcustomsforeverynationalityarepermitted.andofcourse,themoslemsinchinaenjoyequalrightswithpeoplesofothernationalitiesandtheirreligiousbeliefsandcustomsarerespectedeverywhereinthecountry.
英文导游词范文——陕西西安秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词
emperorqinshihuang’smausoleumandtheterra-cottawarriorsandhorsesmuseum
emperorqinshihuang(259-210b.c.)hadyingashissurnameandzhengashisgivenname.henametothethroneoftheqinatage13,andtookthehelmofthestateatageof22.by221b.c.,hehadannexedthesixrivalprincipalitiesofqi,chu,yan,han,zhaoandwei,andestablishedthefirstfeudalempireinchina’shistory.
intheyear221b.c.,whenheunifiedthewholecountry,yingzhengstyledhimselfemperor.henamedhimselfshihuangdi,thefirstemperorinthehopethathislatergenerationsbethesecond,thethirdeventheonehundredthandthousandthemperorsinproperordertocarryonthehereditarysystem.sincethen,thesupremefeudalrulersofchina’sdynastieshadcontinuedtocallthemselveshuangdi,theemperor.
afterhehadannexedtheothersixstates,emperorqinshihuangabolishedtheenfeoffmentsystemandadoptedtheprefectureandcountysystem.hestandardizedlegalcodes,writtenlanguage,track,currencies,weightsandmeasures.toprotectagainstharassmentbythehunaristocrats.emperorqinshihuangorderedthegreatwallbebuilt.allthesemeasuresplayedanactiveroleineliminatingthecauseofthestateofseparationanddivisionandstrengtheningtheunificationofthewholecountryaswellaspromotionthedevelopmentofeconomyandculture.theyhadagreatanddeepinfluenceuponchina’s2,000yearoldfeudalsociety.
emperorqinshihuangorderedthebooksofvariousschoolsburnedexceptthoseoftheqindynasty’shistoryandculture,divinationandmedicinesinanattempttopushhisfeudalautocracyintheideologicalfield.asaresult,china’sancientclassicshadbeendevastatedanddestroy.moreover,heonceordered460scholarsbeburiedalive.thoseeventswerelatercalledinhistory“theburningofbooksandtheburyingofconfucianscholars.”
emperorqinshihuang,forhisownpleasure,conscribedseveralhundredthousandconvictsandwentinforlarge-scaleconstructionandhadoversevenhundredpalacesbuiltintheguanzhongplain.thesepalacesstretchedseveralhundredliandhesoughtpleasurefromonepalacetotheother.oftennobodyknewwhereherangingtreasuresinsidethetomb,wereenclosedalive.
emperorqinshihuang’smausoleumhasnotyetbeenexcavated.whatlookslikeinsidecouldnolybeknownwhenitisopened.however,thethreepitsoftheterra-cottawarriotexcavatedoutsidetheeastgateoftheouterenclosureofthenecropoliscanmakeoneimaginehowmagnificentandluxuriousthestructureofemperorqinshihuang’smausoleumwas.
no.1pitwasstumbleduponinmarch1974whenvillagersofxiyangvillageofyanz
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