届高考英语第一轮总复习习题29.docx
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届高考英语第一轮总复习习题29
第一部分 必修五 Module6
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2018·贵州七校联考)
Thelargestlandanimalremainingontheearth,theAfricanelephant,isofmuchimportancetotheAfricanecosystem.Unlikeotheranimals,theAfricanelephantistoagreatextentthebuilderofitsenvironment.Asagiantplanteater,itsignificantlyshapestheforest-and-savannasurroundingsinwhichitlives,thereforedecidingtheconditionsofexistenceformillionsofotheranimalsthatliveinitshabitat.
Itistheelephant'sgreatdesireforfoodthatmakesitbothadisturberoftheenvironmentandanimportantbuilderofhabitat.Initscontinuoussearchforthe300poundsofplantsitmusthaveeveryday,itkillssmalltreesandbushes,aswellaspullsbranchesoffbigtrees.ThisresultsinnumerousopenspacesinnotonlydeeptropicalforestsbutalsothewoodlandsthatcoverpartoftheAfricansavannas.Intheseopenspaces,therearenumerousplantsinvariousstagesofgrowth,whichattractavarietyofotherplant-eaters.
Taketherainforestsforexample.Intheirnaturalstates,thespreadingbranchesoverheadshutoutsunlightandpreventthegrowthofplantsontheforestfloor.Bypullingdowntreesandeatingplants,elephantscreateopenspaces,allowingnewplantstogrowontheforestfloor.Insuchsituations,theforestsbecomesuitableforlarge-hoofedplant-eaterstomovearoundandforsmall-sizedplant-eaterstoobtaintheirfoodaswell.
ScientistsareworriednowthattheAfricanelephanthasbecomeanendangeredspecies.Iftheelephantdiesout,scientistssay,manyotheranimalswillalsodisappearfromvastareasofforestsandsavannas,greatlychangingandworseningthewholeecosystem.
语篇解读:
本文是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了非洲象对非洲大草原生态系统的巨大影响。
1.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheAfricanelephant________.
A.isnowthelargestanimalontheearth
B.determinesthelivingconditionsofmillionsofotheranimalsinitshabitat
C.hasfar-reachingimpactsonitshabitatasagiantanimal-eater
D.makesgreatcontributionstoitsenvironmentlikeotheranimals
答案:
B 推理判断题。
根据文章第一段中第三句的“Asagiantplant-eater,itsignificantlyshapestheforest-and-savannasurroundingsinwhichitlives,thereforedecidingtheconditionsofexistenceformillionsofotheranimalsthatliveinitshabitat”可推知,非洲象作为巨大的食草动物,它决定着栖息地的许多其他动物的生活条件,即B项正确。
2.TheAfricanelephantinfluencestheecosysteminthefollowingwaysexceptthat________.
A.itcreatesopenareasindeeptropicalforestsaswellaswoodlands
B.itpullsoffthebranchesandleaves,shuttingoutthesunshine
C.itseatinghabitcanbemadeuseofbylarge-hoofedandsmall-sizedanimals
D.itencouragesthegrowthofsomeplants
答案:
B 细节理解题。
根据第三段第二句中的“Intheirnaturalstates,thespreadingbranchesoverheadshutoutsunlightandpreventthegrowthofplantsontheforestfloor”可知,应选B项。
3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A.Numerousgrownplantsarethefavoritesofplant-eaters.
B.TheextinctionoftheAfricanelephanthasnothingtodowiththeecosystem.
C.QuantitiesofplantsareconsumedbyAfricanelephants,includingbranchesandbushes.
D.Theforestfloorintropicalforestsisscarcelydottedwithnewshoots.
答案:
C 正误判断题。
根据第二段第二句中的“Initscontinuoussearchforthe300poundsofplantsitmusthaveeveryday,itkillssmalltreesandbushes,aswellaspullsbranchesoffbigtrees.”可知,C项正确。
4.Thepassageisdevelopedmainlyby________.
A.presentingthechangesintimeorder
B.makingcomparisonsandgivingexamples
C.classifyingsimilaritiesanddifferences
D.showingtheeffectandthenexplainingthereasons
答案:
D 文章结构题。
全文的内容结构为:
首段概括介绍非洲象对非洲大草原生态系统的巨大影响,第二、三段具体说明在哪方面,怎样影响了生态环境,第四段科学家对非洲象已成为濒危物种的担心呼应首段的内容,故选D项。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ifyouweretoseeacold,hungrycatinfrontofyourhouse,wouldyoufeeditorwalkaway?
Mostpeoplewouldwalkawayinsteadoftakingthetimetomakesurethecatisokay.__1__Theyusuallyhavesomuchtodealwithintheirdailylifeastoignoretheirsurroundings.
Nowhere'sanotherquestion:
Ifyouseeagroupofkidshittingandabusingananimal,wouldyoustopthem?
__2__Somepeopledonotbelievethatanimalabuseisabigissue.
Everydayanimalsareabusedintheirhomesoronthestreets.Itseemsasifpoliticiansdonothingtostopthisissue.Everyoneisworriedaboutcationandglobalwarming.Whataboutanimals?
__3__Thesearetherightsthatallowanimalsaplacetostay,ashelteriftheyhavenoplacetostay,therightnottobeabusedandmanyotherrights.Arewetakingawayanimals'rightbynotgivingthemaplacetostay?
Yes,weare.SinceIwasborn,mymother,mysisterandIhavetakeninoverfiftyhomelesscats,fedthem,cleanedthemandsentthemtogoodfamilies.
Somepeopleprobablygivedifferentviews,saying,“__4__”It'strue.Therearepeopleintheworldthatneedhelpbutwecannotforgettheanimals.WearealllivingonthisEarthtogether,whynothelpeachother?
__5__Youcanvolunteeratyourlocalanimalshelter,raisemoneyforanimalshelters,andinformyourcommunityaboutanimalabuse.Youcaneasilybuyacheapboxofdrycat/dogfoodtofeedtheanimals.
A.Againpeoplewouldwalkaway.
B.Therearemanythingsyoucandotohelpanimalsaround.
C.Manypeoplehavelittleknowledgeaboutoldanimals.
D.Animals,likeusAmericans,haverights.
E.Theproblemisthatpeoplegenerallylivebusylives.
F.I'monlyonepersonandIcan'tmakeadifference.
G.Therearepeopleintheworldwhoneedmorehelpthanoldanimals.
语篇解读:
本文是篇说明文。
作者讲述了动物与人类的关系,提倡关爱身边的动物,因为这是我们每个人的责任。
1.E 下一句表明在日常生活中人们经常有如此多的事情要处理,从而忽视了周围的这些可怜的动物,与E项中的“busylives”相吻合。
2.A 下一个句子表明“有些人并不认为虐待动物是一个大问题”,因此他们会走开,故选A,也与第一段中的“walkaway”对应。
3.D 上一句的问句“Whataboutanimals?
”和下文的“Thesearetherightsthatallowanimals...”表明,作者认为动物像人一样也是有权利的。
故选D项“Animals,likeusAmericans,haverights”。
4.G 上一句的“differentviews”与下文的“Therearepeopleintheworldthatneedhelp...”说明,这些人认为有人比动物更需要帮助。
5.B 下文讲述了“你可以在当地动物收容所做志愿者,为动物收容所筹集资金”等内容,表明你可以为帮助周围的动物做很多事情。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2018·江苏百校调研)
WiththehelpofGloria,hiswife,TomPetersonworkedformanyyearstobuildasolidbusinesssellingtelevisionsets,stereosystems,andhomeappliances.Tomdevelopedanexcellent__1__withtheirfullsatisfactionguaranteeandfriendlyservice.Hewasproudofhishighpercentageofrepeat__2__.
Aboutfiveyearsago,Tomwas__3__bytheownersofacompetingcompany,StereoSuperStores.Theywantedhimto__4__themout.Thepricewasveryattractive.Everythinglookedgood.Beforemakinghisfinal__5__TomaskedGloriawhatshethoughtaboutthepurchase.Shetoldhimthat__6__thenumberslookedgooditdidn'tfeel__7__toher.However,Tomwassoself-confidentandsoconvincedthatthiswasarare__8__,hewentaheadandmadethe__9__.Withinmonthshediscoveredthathehadmadeabig__10__.Hehadpaidtoomuchfora__11__company.Hetriedashardashecouldtomakeitworkout,buthecouldn'tturnthings__12__.Hewasforcedintobankruptcy(破产).Hewasabouttoloseeverything,includinghis__13__business.
Tomwasembarrassed,butheisasurvivor.Helookedathissituation.Hedecidedto__14__admithismistakeand,ratherthangettingstuckinlawsuits(诉讼),hewouldfocushis__15__onsavingandrebuildinghisoriginalbusiness.Hesawalsothathehadmadeamistakebynotlisteningtohis__16__,andthatheneededtolearnfromthis__17__.Hedealtwiththecrisisinawaythatdelightedpeople,whointurn__18__respectforhim.Oldcustomerspouredintohisstore.HeandGloria__19__tochangesinretailing(零售)andhavebuiltanevenbetterbusinessthanbefore.
Inthebusinessworld,itisnaturaltogainandlose,of__20__Peterson'sexperienceisanexample.Onlythosewhoregardtheirmistakesasgiftsandlearnfromthemattractendlessprofits.
语篇解读:
文章通过汤姆·彼得森的故事告诉我们:
吸取一个教训,可以赢得一份礼物。
在商界,胜败乃兵家常事。
只有那些从自己犯的错误中吸取教训并将之作为礼物的人才能赚取无尽的利润。
1.A.popularity B.reputation
C.causeD.foundation
答案:
B popularity意为“普及,流行”;reputation意为“名声,名誉”;cause意为“原因;事业”;foundation意为“基础,地基”。
根据此空后的“withtheirfullsatisfactionguaranteeandfriendlyservice”可知汤姆因为售后服务好赢得了极好的声誉,故B项正确。
2.A.customersB.assistants
C.friendsD.visitors
答案:
A customer意为“顾客”;assistant意为“助手”;friend意为“朋友”;visitor意为“访问者,游客”。
根据上文“Tomdevelopedanexcellent__1__withtheirfullsatisfactionguaranteeandfriendlyservice.”可推知他为有很多回头客而骄傲,故A项正确。
3.A.appointedB.approved
C.approachedD.appreciated
答案:
C appoint意为“任命,指定”;approve意为“批准,赞成”;approach意为“靠近,接近”;appreciate意为“欣赏,感谢”。
根据下文“Theywantedhimto__4__themout.Thepricewasveryattractive.”可知此处表示大约五年前,一家立体声超市的拥有者和汤姆进行了接洽。
他们想让他把这家超市买下来,故C项正确。
4.A.sellB.pay
C.buyD.check
答案:
C 从下句“Thepricewasveryattractive”可知这家公司希望汤姆能够收购他们,故C项正确。
5.A.decisionB.choice
C.determinationD.judgement
答案:
A decision意为“决定”;choice意为“选择”;determination意为“决心,果断”;judgement意为“判断,审判”。
根据“TomaskedGloriawhatshethoughtaboutthepurchase”可知在作最后的决定前,汤姆征求了格罗丽娅对这一收购的意见,故A项正确。
6.A.asthoughB.nowthat
C.eventhoughD.incase
答案:
C asthough意为“好像,似乎”;nowthat意为“既然,由于”;eventhough意为“尽管,即使”;incase意为“以防,万一”。
根据此空后的“thenumberslookedgooditdidn'tfeel...”和下句“However,Tomwassoself-confident...”可知此处表示格罗丽娅对他说,尽管数目看来合适,但她还是感觉这次收购不对劲,故用eventhough引导让步状语从句。
7.A.terribleB.fair
C.rightD.attractive
答案:
C terrible意为“可怕的”;fair意为“公平的”;right意为“正确的,对的”;attractive意为“有吸引力的”。
根据下句的however转折可推断此处表示她感觉不对,故C项正确。
8.A.possibilityB.occasion
C.eventD.opportunity
答案:
D possibility意为“可能性”;occasion意为“时机,机会”;event意为“事件,大事”;opportunity意为“机会”。
根据语境可知此处表示,然而汤姆太自信了,坚信这是一个难得的机会,故D项正确。
9.A.profitB.purchase
C.reservationD.appointment
答案:
B profit意为“利润”;purchase意为“购买”;reservation意为“保留”;appointment意为“任命,委派”。
句意为:
然而汤姆如此自信、如此相信这是一个难得的机会,他采取行动,进行了收购。
故B项正确。
10.A.differenceB.discovery
C.commitmentD.mistake
答案:
D difference意为“不同”;discovery意为“
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