推荐高考英语复习题阅读理解文体技法Word版含答案.docx
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推荐高考英语复习题阅读理解文体技法Word版含答案.docx
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推荐高考英语复习题阅读理解文体技法Word版含答案
课时22 阅读理解文体技法5——应用文
Ⅰ.阅读理解文体技法演练
【精要提示】 英语应用文指在日常工作和生活中使用的文体,一般可分为两大类:
一类是叙述性应用文,例如书信、日记、便条、报告、请帖等;另一类是说明性应用文,包括广告、启事、海报、守则、公告、公约、个人简历、备忘录、摘要等。
高考英语应用文的设问一般按照文章段落的顺序依次设置,设问内容一般以细节题为主,也兼有询问出处和写作意图的题目。
在解答事实细节题时,我们首先要在试题中寻找关键的线索词,如名词、动词、形容词或副词等实义词,带着问题和它们去阅读短文,要标明其出处,为迅速、准确地选择正确的答案作好充分准备。
在解答询问出处和写作意图的题目时,要能够理解文章的主旨大意(中心思想)。
在解答主旨大意类常采用快速浏览法,只要先浏览文章的标题,首、尾段或每段的首、尾句,再重点寻找主题线索和主题信息即可。
当然还要善于抓住文章的中心思想,把握住作者的观点和写作意图。
【高考经典练】
(2015·重庆卷,C)
Lakelander·2hoursago
Today,amantalkedveryloudonhisphoneonatrainbetweenMalvernandReading,makingmanypassengersupset.IwonderhowhewouldreactifIweretoreadmynewspaperoutloudonthetrain,Ihaveneverhadthecouragetodoit,though.
Pak50 ...·57minutesago
Whynotgiveitatry?
Perhapsyoushouldtakelessonsonamusicalinstrument.ThelatemusicianDennisBrainissaidtohaveaskedafellowtrainpassengertoturnoffhisradio.Whenhisrequestwasrefused,hetookouthisFrenchhorn(号)andstartedtopractice.
AngieO'Edema·42minutesago
Idon'tseehowmusicalinstrumentscanhelpimprovemannersinpublic.Don'tdotootherswhatyouwouldn'tliketobedonetoyourself.Once,apassengernexttometalkedoutloudonhismobilephone.Ileftmyseatquietly,givinghimsomeprivacytofinishhisconversation.Herealizedthisandapologisedtome.Whenhisphonerangagainlater,helefthisseattoanswerit.Yousee,abitofrespectandcooperationcandothejobbetter.
Taodas·29minutesago
Ididreadmynewspaperoutloudonatrain,anditturnedoutwell.Theguytookitingoodpart,andwechattedhappilyallthewaytoEdinburgh.
Sophie76·13minutesago
Ihavenottriedreadingmynewspaperoutloudonatrain,but,severalyearsago,IreadsomechaptersfromHarryPortertomyboredandnoisychildren.SeveralpassengersseemedtoappreciatewhatIdid.
1.ThepassengermadeanapologytoAngieO'Edemabecause.
A.heofferedhisseattosomeoneelse
B.hespokeveryloudlyonhisphone
C.herefusedtotalkwithAngie
D.heignoredAngie'srequest
2.Whooncereadanewspaperoutloudonatrain?
A.Pak50.B.AngieO'Edema.
C.Taodas.D.Sophie76.
3.Whatisthediscussionmainlyabout?
A.Howtoreacttobadbehavior.
B.Howtokilltimeonatrain.
C.Howtochatwithstrangers.
D.Howtomakeaphonecall.
4.Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?
A.Awebpage.B.Anewspaper.
C.Anovel.D.Areport.
Ⅱ.能力提升练
A
Therearemanygreatmoviedirectorsofalltimeandthefollowingaresixofthosewhohavelargelyimpressedaudiencewiththeirbodyofwork.
FrancisFordCoppola
AsamemberoftheNewHollywoodgang,FrancisCoppolaisbestrememberedforTheGodfatherseries.HisdecisiontocastMarlonBrandointheleadalsometwithfierceoppositionfromthestudiobosses.Goodsensebecamepopular,andTheGodfatherwentontobecomeoneofthemostmemorablemoviesever.Criticsmaypointoutthathehasbecomelesscreativeafterhisseventies,buttryasonemight,noonecanpossiblytaketheplaceofthisgreatdirector'swork.
StanleyKubrick
StanleyKubrick'smoviesfocusonthemeslikesciencefiction,horror,darkhumorandwar.Heusedsymbolisminmostofhismovies,givingussomewonderfulscreenvisuals,asshownin2001:
ASpaceOdyssey.HisactorsinHollywoodcomplainedabouttheendlessnumberofretakes,buttheyappreciatedtheperformancehemilkedoutofthem.PeopleargueaboutfilmslikeLolita,AClockworkOrangeandPathsofGlory,butthesearenowseenasclassics.
StevenSpielberg
StevenSpielbergisagreatsuccessattheboxoffice(票房),andheisoneoftheworld'smostpopularfilm-makerstoday.AsthecreatorofclassicslikeSchindler'sList,JurassicPark,E.T.,Jaws,SavingPrivateRyan,noonecanwinhisholdovertheaudience.Hiscriticsaccusehimofbeingemotionalandoverthetop,butthefactremainsthathismoviesattracttheaudience,andsetthecashregisters(点钞机)ringing.
WoodyAllen
WoodyAllenisadirectorwhodirectsmoviesfullofcrimeandhate,suchasAnnieHall,HannahandHerSisters,MidnightinParisandsoon.Hismoviesconstantlyincludecharacterswhoarousetheaudience'ssympathyandlaughteratthesametime,astheysetoutonajourneyofself-discovery.HollywoodstarpowerhasneverfazedAllen.Thankfully,awardsandhonorsdonotinteresthim,whichresultsincreativitythatisoriginal.
AkiraKurosawa
Asadirectorwhowasprimarilyanartist,AkiraKurosawa'sownexperienceswereasvividashismovies.Kurosawa'sRashomon,whichwontheGoldenLionattheVeniceFilmFestival,madewesternaudiencesstandupandtakenoticeofJapanesecinema.HisShakespeareaninfluencewasshowcasedinThroneofBlood(Macbeth)andRan(KingLear),whereashisfilmsinfluencedseveralHollywoodepicsdowntheline,forexample,TheHiddenFortresswhichbecameGeorgeLucas'inspirationforStarWars.Hisperfectattitudewasalwayshatedashemadehisactors“live”theircharactersevenbeyondtheactualshot,throughoutthedurationofthefilming.Kurosawa'seditingskillswereexcellent,andwasrespectedandlovedbytheaudienceandotherdirectorsallthetime.
MartinScorsese
MartinScorsese'sstrongholdisNewYork'sMeanStreets,fullofcrime,violenceandhate,withadistinctItalian-Americaninfluence.Hepresentedasenseofrealisminhiscinema,withoutactuallyglorifyinggore.Scorsese'sslowmotiontechniquesandhismastertrackingshotsequenceshavemadeforthemostwonderfulvisualsincinematichistory.ClassicalmovieslikeRagingBull,GangsofNewYork,Goodfellashavebeencopiedforup-and-comingdirectorstolookupto,andmoreimportantly,matchupto.
1.Whatdothedirectorsmentionedinthepassagehaveincommon?
A.Theyareinterestedinawardsfortheirworks.
B.TheyareAmericandirectors.
C.Theyhavecreatedmoviesregardedasclassics.
D.Theyfocustheirthemesonthenegativesideofsociety.
2.StanleyKubrick'sworksincludethefollowingexcept.
A.GangsofNewYork
B.2001:
ASpaceOdyssey
C.AClockworkOrange
D.PathsofGlory
3.TheunderlinedsentenceimpliesthatStevenSpielberg.
A.wassuccessfulinamusingtheaudience
B.succeededinmakinggreatboxofficeearnings
C.hadmakingmoneyashisgoal
D.hadacashregisterworkingforhimself
4.WhatdoweknowaboutMartinScorseseandhismovies?
A.MidnightinPariswasdirectedbyhim.
B.Hismoviesareinfluencedbyrealism.
C.Nootherdirectorscanmatchhim.
D.MeanStreetsdoesn'tshowanyinfluenceofforeignculture.
B
FourcinemasintheUK
TheKinema,Lincolnshire
It'sawoodenbuildingontheoutsideandatwo-screencinemaontheinside,allnestingamongpinetreesinatinyvillage.TheKinemashoweditsfirstfilmin1922andthefirstsixrowsweredeekchairs(折叠帆布躺椅).Today,it'smorerichlydecorated.
“Peoplecomeherebecauseit'safantasticexperience,”saysmanagerPhilipJones.“ManyroomsintheKinemaaresimpleandnotattractive,butwetrytoremaineverythingthatmakesitspecial.”
TheCube,Bristol
It'snotreallyacinema.Itisanot-for-profitcooperativerunbyvolunteers,whichhasbeenoperatingforthelast15years.
Theyare“uniqueforwhatwedo,whichistooperatesevennightsaweekandwithnofunding.”Theymakemanythingsthemselves,suchascolaandyogurt.
TheBroadway,Nottingham
Acinemahasbeenheresincethe1960s,whenlocalfashiondesignerPaulSmithwouldcometoseeartyforeignfilms,whichheavilyinfluencedhiscareerchoice.Later,hedesignedthestripy(条纹的)sofas.
TheBroadwaywaspreviouslyusedasachurch,butlocalsloveitforitsindependent,arthouse,andDIYspirit.TheBroadwayalsohasaright-onrestaurant,withlocallysourcedvegetablesandsalads,andevenservesitsownbeer.
TheRex,Hertfordshire
Itopenedtothepublicin1938andhasbeennamedthemostbeautifulcinemaintheUK.There'savariedprogrammewithdifferentfilmseverynight.Hotdogsandpopcornarebanned.Andarealpersonanswersthephonewhenyoucall.
PeoplespeakveryhighlyoftheRex.Sodogo,ifonlyonce,toseejusthowacinemashouldberun.
5.InPhilipJones'opinion,theKinemamayattractpeoplewho.
A.liveinthenearbyvillages
B.arefondofrichdecorations
C.areinterestedinwoodenstructures
D.wanttoexperiencesomethingspecial
6.WeknowfromthetextthattheBroadway.
A.wasbuiltin1960
B.ownsarestaurant
C.isnexttoachurch
D.wasdesignedbyPaulSmith
7.TheCubeandtheBroadwayaresimilarinthewaythattheyboth.
A.arenon-profitcooperatives
B.showartyforeignfilms
C.offerhomemadedrinks
D.usestripysofas
8.Whichofthefollowinghasthelongesthistory?
A.TheKinema.B.TheCube.
C.TheBroadway.D.TheRex.
C
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