牛津译林版高中英语必修五Unit 3《Science and nature》同步测试4.docx
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牛津译林版高中英语必修五Unit 3《Science and nature》同步测试4.docx
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牛津译林版高中英语必修五Unit3《Scienceandnature》同步测试4
Unit3ScienceandnatureSectionⅡWelcometotheunit&Reading-LanguagePoints
品句填词
1.IfI’vehurtyourfeelings,itwasquitewithout_____________(目的).
答案:
intention
2.Afreshcoatofpaintcan____________(改变)aroom.
答案:
transform
3.Thehighlevelofunemploymenthasproducedharmfulsocial____________(结果,后果).
答案:
consequences
4.Wewaitedforthereportofexamwithagreatdealof____________(忧虑).
答案:
anxiety
5.Hissuggestionhasbeen_____________(采纳)bypeopleinmanypartsoftheworld.
答案:
adopted
单句改错
1.Themotherwasstandingatthegate,anxiouslytoseeherson.anxiously→anxious
2.Theyarguedhimintotheadoptoftheplan.adopt→adoption
3.Abigfirebrokeoutlastnight;astheconsequence,thehousewascompletelydestroyed.第一个the→a
4.SheeverlivedinFrance,andasconsequenceshespeaksFrenchfluently.consequence前加a或把as改为in
5.(2015·浙江高考单项填空)Jane’sgrandmotherhadwantedtowriteachildren’sbookformanyyears,butonethingoranotheralwaysgotinaway.第二个a→the
完成句子
1.我想出去吃,可(另一方面)我又该努力省钱。
I’dliketoeatout,__________________________Ishouldbetryingtosavemoney.
答案:
butontheotherhand
2.他又迟到了,结果让老板训了一顿。
Hecamelateagain;____________________hewasscoldedbyhisboss.
答案:
asaconsequence/inconsequence
3.尽管他还是个孩子,他知道做什么事情是正确的。
________________hewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.
答案:
Childas/though
4.他离成为一名著名的歌手已经不远了。
Heis__________________________afamoussinger.
答案:
onthewaytobecoming
5.劝告朋友要在私下里,赞扬朋友可在人多的场合。
Makesuggestionstoyourfriendsinprivate__________________________inpublic.
答案:
whilepraiseyourfriends
课文语法填空
WithDollycloned1.____________(success)fromanadultcell,someotheranimalshavealreadybeencreated.Somescientistsevenhavetheintention2.____________(clone)humansandtheyarepushingaheadwithresearchnow,3.____________itisnotlegalinmanycountries.Chinahassucceeded4.____________producingclonesofcowsandgoats.
Just5.____________the6.____________(say)goes,“Everycoinhastwosides.”Ontheonehand,cloningcanproduce7.____________(value)humantissues8.____________(use)
inmedical9.____________(treat).Ontheotherhand,humancloningcau
sesmuchanxiety.Somepeoplesayifwetoy10.____________nature,wewillhavetodealwiththeconsequences.
答案:
1.successfully 2.toclone 3.although/though
4.in 5.as 6.saying 7.valuable 8.tobeused 9.treatment 10.with
A卷
单句语法填空
1.Youdidn’tintend____________(be)late.Butthat’snotthepoint.
答案:
tobe
2.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,andsomeofthemlookedvery____________(anxiety)anddisappointed.
答案:
anxious
3.Thesuggestioncamefromthechairmanthatthenewrule____________(adopt).
答案:
(should)beadopted
4.Hestoodtherewithoutdaringtolifthisheadasaconsequence____________hiswrongaction.
答案:
of
5.Shehasmadeuphermindtotransformanatticroom____________astudy.
答案:
into
6.Accuratelyspeakinghis____________(professional)isajournalist.
答案:
profession
7.It’sbetterforthegovernmenttoattachmoreimportancetothe____________(origin)inventionsofallkinds.
答案:
original
8.Hearingthis,tearscametomyeyesasIrealizedwhatafoolIhadbeentojudgeJim’sfather____________afailure.
答案:
as
9.Withhismindfocusedonthethingsnotrelated____________hisstudies,hismarkshavefallenrapidly.
答案:
to
10.Shetoyed____________theideaofbecominganactress.
答案:
with
阅读理解
Haveyoueverwishedyoucouldhaveacloneofyourselftodohomeworkwhileyouhittheskateparkorwentoutwithyourfriends?
Cloningisthecreationofanorganismthatisanexactgeneticcopyofanother.ThismeansthateverysinglebitofDNAisthesamebetweenthetwo!
Youmightnotbelieveit,buttherearehumanclonesamongusrightnow.Theyweren’tmadeinalab,though:
they’reidenticaltwins(同卵双生),creatednaturally.
Howdoesonegoaboutmakinganexactgeneticcopyofanorganism?
Thereareacoupleofwaystodothis:
artificial(人工)embryotwinningandsomaticcellnucleartransfer(体细胞核移植).Artificialembryotwinningistherelativelylowtechversionofcloning.Somaticcellnucleartransfer,(SCNT)usesadifferentapproachcomparedwithartificialembryotwinning.ThiswasthemethodusedtocreateDollytheSheep.
Let’ssayyoureallywantaclonetodoyourhomework.Knowingwhatyouknow,doyouthinkthisapproachwouldreallyhelpyoufinishyourhomework...thisdecade?
Acommonmisconceptionisthataclone,ifcreated,wouldmagicallyappearatthesameageastheoriginal.Thissimplyisn’ttrue.Yourememberthatcloningisanalternativewaytocreateanembryo,notafullgrownindividual.Therefore,thatembryo,oncecreated,mustdevelopexactlythesamewayasan
embryocreatedbyfertilizinganeggcellwithaspermcell(精子).Thiswillrequireasurrogatemotherandenoughtimefortheclonedembryotogrowandfullydevelopintoanindividual.
Areyoufamiliarwiththephrase“natureversusnurture”?
Basically,thismeansthatwhilegeneticscanhelpdeterminepersonality,environmentalinfluenceshaveaconsiderableimpactonshapinganindividual’sphysicalappearanceandpersonal
ity.Forexample,doyouknowanyidenticaltwins?
Theyaregeneticallythesame,butdotheyreallylookandactexactlyalike?
Whenwehearofcloningsuccesses,welearnaboutonlythefewattemptsthatworked.Whatwedon’tseearethemany,manycloningexperimentsthatfailed!
Andeveninthesuccessfulclones,problemstendtoariselater,duringtheanimal’sdevelopmenttoadulthood.
Cloninganimalsshowsuswhatmighthappenifwetrytoclonehumans.Whathavetheseanimalstaughtusabouttherisksofcloning?
1.Theunderlinedword“misconception”inParagraph6probablymeans“________”.
A.belief B.misunderstanding
C.explanationD.ex
perience
B 解析:
词义猜测题。
根据上下文可知,人们往往会认为克隆就是马上能有一个一模一样的你出现,这显然是“误解”。
2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?
A.Therisksofcloning.
B.Themythsofcloning.
C.Thedefinitionofcloning.
D.Someissuesincloning.
D 解析:
细节理解题。
最后两段说的是A项的内容,倒数第四段说的是B项的内容,第二段说的是C项的内容,只有D项的内容没有提及。
3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.DollytheSheepwasclonedbyusingSCNT.
B.Identicaltwinsarenaturallycreatedhumanclones.
C.Aclone,ifcreated,wouldmagicallyappearatthesameageastheoriginal.
D.Twinsaregeneticallythesame,buttheydon’treallylookandactexactlyalike.
C 解析:
根据倒数第四段第一、二两句话“Acommonmisconceptionisthataclone,ifcreated,wouldmagicallyappearatthesameageastheoriginal.Thissimplyisn’ttrue.”及之后的论述可知。
4.Accordingtothepassage,wecannothaveaclonetodoourhomeworknowbecause________.
A.thetechnologyisnotsoadvanced
B.therearemanycloningexperimentsthatfailed
C.problemsmayariselater
D.alloftheabove
D 解析:
综合全文,尤其是倒数第二段A、B、C三项都是现在还不能克隆人的原因。
完形填空
Throughouthistorymanhashadtoacceptthefactthatalllivingthingsmustdie.But
peoplenowlivelongerthanthey__1__.Yet,alllivingthingsstillshowthe__2__ofaging,whichwilleventually__3__death.
Agingisnotadisease,butasapersonpassesmaturity(成熟期),thecellsofthebodyandthe__4__theyformdonotfunctionaswellasthey__5__inchildhoodandteenageyears.Thebodyprovidesless__6__againstdiseaseandismore__7__tohaveaccident.
Anumberofrelatedcausesmay__8__aging.Somecellsofthebodyhaveafairlylonglife,buttheyarenot__9__whentheydie.Asapersonages,__10__ofbraincellsandmusclecellsdecreases.__11__bodycellsdieandarereplacedbynewcells.Foranagingpersonthe__12__cellsmaynotbeasworkableorascapable__13__growthasthoseofayoungperson.
Another__14__inagingmaybechangeswithinthec
ells__15__.Someoftheproteinchemicalsincellsareknown__16__withageandbecomelesselastic(有弹性的).Thisiswhytheskinofoldpeoplewrinkles(皱纹)and__17__.Thisisalsothereasonwhyoldpeople__18__inheight.Theremaybeothermoreimportantchemicalchangesinthecells.Somecomplexcellchemicals,suchasDNAandRNA,storeand__19__informationthatthecellsneed.Agingmayaffectthis__20__andchangetheinformationcarryingmoleculessothattheydonottransmittheinformationaswell.
1.A.would B.beusedto
C.usedtoD.used
C 解析:
根据句意:
但是人们现在比过去寿命高。
usedto表示“过去经常做……”,暗示现在并不如此,此处指过去的情况,与句意相符。
would可表示“过去经常”,但不含“今昔对比”之意。
注意该词组与beusedto的区别,后者意为“习惯于……”,to为介词。
D项之所以不对,是因为在以下词组中,当不定式省略时,通常要保留不定式符号to,如:
usedto,begoingto,meanto,oughtto,tryto,planto等。
2.A.functionB.effect
C.affectD.sign
B 解析:
根据下文中的定语从句所表示的意义进行判断,这里所填入的单词应该表示“衰老的结果”这一意义。
effect意为“结果,影响”,符合句意。
function“功能,机能,作用”;affect“影响,感动”;sign“标记”。
解题时要注意effect和affect拼写只相差一个字母,但effect是名词而affect是动词。
3.A.leadinB.givein
C.runintoD.resultin
D 解析:
根据主句内容,which引导非限制性定语从句,which表示前面的“衰老的结果”,即:
衰老的结果最终导致死亡。
resultin“使发生,导致”;leadin无此搭配,在表示“导致”时,应为leadto;givein“让步,屈服”;runinto“陷入”,常指陷入困境。
4.A.handsB.feet
C.heartD.organs
D 解析:
根据上下文及信息词cells可知句中是指所有的部位(器官)。
而其他三项所指的都是身体的具体部位。
5.A.doB.hasdone
C.didD.haddone
C 解析:
此句中的did是用来代替前面的动词function,以避免重复。
因为这里有一个表示过去的时间状语inchildhoodandteenageyears,所以只能用一般过去时。
6.A.energyB.protection
C.vigorD.power
B 解析:
protection“保护,保护物”,和介词against或from连用,译为“保护……免遭……”。
此句意为“身体此时的免疫力下降,易于患病”;energy“精力,活力”;vigor“力量,活力”;power“权力,力气”。
7.A.likelyB.probable
C.possibleD.alike
A 解析:
likely,possible和probable三者都表示“可能”,均可以构成:
Itispossible/probable/likely+that从句。
但probable和possible不能用于sb.ispossible/probabletodosth.句型中;alike“相似的”,不符合句意。
8.A.attendtoB.contributeto
C.addtoD.devoteto
B 解析:
句意:
有一些相关的原因可能促使人衰老。
contributeto“有助于,起作用,促成”,符合句意。
attendto“专心于”;addto“增加,把……添加到……”;devoteto“致力于,献身于”。
这四个词组中的to都是介词,要注意它和不定式符号to的区别。
9.A.replacedB.reborn
C.recoveredD.surrendered
A 解析:
此句与下文相对应,根据下文的“replace”可知该空选replaced;reborn“新生的,复活的”;recover“恢复”;surrender“屈服”。
10.A.anumber
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