优秀英文硕士论文 Conceptual Blending Theory.docx

优秀英文硕士论文 Conceptual Blending Theory.docx

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优秀英文硕士论文ConceptualBlendingTheory

摘要

幽默言语是我们日常话语中常见的一种言语交际形式,关于幽默言语的研究可以追溯至亚里士多德时代。

早期的幽默研究与修辞学密不可分,发展到今天,西方语言学家们除了从语言的形式来研究幽默之外,语用学中的一些理论如合作原则、礼貌原则和言语行为理论等等,也被用来解释交际中幽默效果的形成。

形成于20世纪80年代西方的认知语言学将幽默的研究带到一个新的发展阶段，但关于如何用概念整合理论来解释幽默产生的原因的文章很少;国内从认知角度来分析幽默言语的文章大多以关联理论为理论背景,没有将人们在交际中理解幽默的动态的过程反映出来。

笔者认为Fauconnier的概念整合理论恰好能弥补这一缺陷,该理论运用概念整合网络,利用四大心理空间的相互映射和整合,将幽默效果的形成以动态的形式呈现了出来。

本文所使用的语料是通过观察《爸爸去哪儿》第一季中，剧组对于节目中的场景穿插的字幕收集而来的。

幽默字幕主要是基于笔者在贴吧，微博及论坛上所了解的广大观众感兴趣的字幕，以及结合概念整合理论所选择的。

本论文主要采用定性分析的方法对言语幽默案例进行研究。

本论文主要研究了以下问题：

概念整合理论对于幽默字幕的解读有无阐释力；概念整合理论在解释字幕幽默效果的过程中是如何运作的；这些幽默字幕有何共同点；通过对概念整合理论在幽默产生过程中的作用研究，本文是否能帮助字幕组做出更出色的字幕。

通过作者的研究发现，概念整合理论对于幽默字幕的解读确实具有阐释力，并且总结了一些成功制作幽默字幕的经验，给字幕工作人员提供了建议。

本文由五部分构成:

第一章主要对研究背景,研究目的，研究意义及研究方法进行了介绍。

第二章是文献综述部分。

笔者综述了前人对幽默的研究成果从而为之后章节的论证做好铺垫。

第三章主要对概念整合这一理论框架进行了介绍，主要涉及这一理论的基本概念,概念整合网络模型及四种子类型。

第四章是整个论文的主体部分。

这一章主要是利用四种概念整合网络子模型对所收集到的案例进行分析。

第五章对整个研究所取得的主要成果及不足之处进行了总结并对今后的研究提出了建设性意见。

Abstract

Humorouslanguageisacommonformoflanguagecommunicationinourdailylife.TheresearchofhumorouslanguagedatesbacktotheageofAristotle.Theearlyresearchiscloselyrelatedtorhetoricandsofarthewesternlinguisticianshaveappliedtheoriesfrompragmaticssuchascooperativeprinciple,politeprincipleandspeechacttheorytoexplaintheformationofhumor.Westerncognitivelinguistics，originatedfrom1980s，havebroughtthehumorouslanguageresearchintoanewstage.ButfewarticleshaveexploredhowtousetheConceptualBlendingTheorytoexplainthecauseofhumor.Andareviewoftheliteratureinthisareaathomerevealsthatarticlesanalyzinghumorouslanguagefromthecognitiveperspectiveareusuallybasedontherelevancetheorywhichcannotinterpretthedynamicprocessduringpeople’sunderstandingofhumorouslanguageincommunication.TheauthorthinksthatFauconnier’sConceptualBlendingTheorycanmakeupthisdefect.Thistheorycanpresentthehumorouseffectsinadynamicwaybytheapplicationofconceptualblendingnetworkandtheprojectionandblendingofthefourmentalspaces.

Thedatatheauthorusesiscollectedfromthefirstseasonofvarietyshow‘Dad,wherearewegoing?

’Whytheauthorchoosesthosesubtitlesisbasedontwofactors.Oneistheauthor’sresearchonthesubtitlesthatweremostpopularamongthenetizensonthepostbar,microblogs,andonlineforums.Theotherfactorisrelatedtosomerequirementsoftheconceptualblendingtheory.Thechosenhumoroussubtitlesshouldbeabletoestablishtwoinputspacesandatleastoneframeiscontainedinoneofinputspaces.Theentirepaperadoptsthemethodofqualitativeanalysistoillustratehumorcases.Thisthesismainlyresearchesthefollowingquestions:

DoesConceptualBlendingTheoryhaveexplanatorypoweronthehumoroussubtitles?

HowdoestheConceptualBlendingTheoryworkintheprocessofinterpretingthewaythesubtitlesgeneratehumorouseffects?

Whatcommongroundsdothelaughter-elicitingsubtitlesshareinDad,WhereAreWeGoing?

ThroughtheresearchonhowtheConceptualBlendingTheoryinterpretsthehumoroussubtitles,willthepresentstudyhelpTVprogramstaffmaketheprogramsmoreattractive?

Throughtheresearch,theauthorfindsthattheConceptualBlendingTheorydoeshaveexplanatorypoweronhumoroussubtitlesandtheauthoralsoconcludessomesuggestionsforthesubtitlemakingstaffwiththehopethattheycanmakebetterandmoreattractiveprograms.

Thethesisiscomposedoffivechapters.Chapteronemainlyintroducestheresearchbackground,purpose,significanceandmethodology.Chaptertwoisliteraturereview.Theauthormakesasurveyonthepreviousstudiesonhumorinordertopavethewayforthesubsequentstudy.Chapterthreeisthetheoreticalframewhichcontainsthebasicconcepts,theconceptualblendingnetworkmodelandthefoursubtypesareintroduced.Chapterfouristhecrucialpartinthepaperwherethecollectedcasesareanalyzedunderfoursubtypesofconceptualblendingnetwork.Chapterfiveistheconclusionpart.Inthischaptertheauthorsummarizesthemajorfindingsandlimitationsoftheresearchandproposesconstructivesuggestionsforfurtherstudies.

目录

摘要

Abstract

ChapterOneIntroduction

1.1ResearchBackground

1.2PurposeandSignificanceoftheResearch

1.3MethodologyoftheStudy

1.4DataCollection

1.5OrganizationoftheThesis

ChapterTwoLiteratureReview

2.1DefinitionofHumor

2.2ConventionalStudyonHumor

2.2.1SuperiorityTheory

2.2.2ReliefTheory

2.2.3IncongruityTheory

2.3ModernLinguisticStudyonVerbalHumor

2.3.1PragmaticView

2.3.2SemanticAngle

2.3.3CognitivePerspective

ChapterThreeConceptualBlendingTheory

3.1DevelopmentoftheConceptualBlendingTheory

3.2ImportantTheoriesintheDevelopmentoftheConceptualBlendingTheory

3.2.1MentalSpaceTheory

3.2.2ConceptualMetaphorTheory

3.3ConceptualBlendingNetwork

3.4TheProcessofBlending

ChapterFourInterpretingHumorousSubtitlesfromthePerspectiveoftheConceptualBlendingTheory

4.1CausesofHumor

4.1.1ViolationandNormality

4.1.2AbsurdityandIncongruity

4.2HumorousSubtitlesandConceptualBlendingNetwork

4.2.1HumorousSubtitlesandSimplexNetwork

4.2.2HumorousSubtitlesandMirrorNetwork

4.2.3HumorousSubtitlesandSingle-scopeNetwork

4.2.4HumorousSubtitlesandDouble-scopeNetwork

ChapterFiveConclusion

5.1MainResearchFindings

5.2LimitationsoftheResearch

5.3SuggestionsforFurtherStudy

ChapterOneIntroduction

Humorisacommonlanguagephenomenonwhichisquitepopularinourdailylife.ThegreathumoristLinyutangsaidthatthebesthumormustbesomethingtoexpressthegloryofsoulandtheabundanceofwisdom…humorisrichinemotion.（林语堂，2007）LinYutangrecognizeshumorasanwayofthoughtandawayforthepeopletoknowtheworld.Itisakindofexpressionwhichcanintriguesomeemotionofthehumanandprocessanddestroytherealityafteritregulatesitslogic.Fromtheperspectiveoflinguistics,itisessentiallytheincongruityofreferenceframecausedbyhumor.TheConceptualBlendingTheoryofFauconnier&Turnercanbeusedtoexplainhumorlanguage.ButtherearefewarticlesexploringhowtousetheConceptualBlendingTheorytoexplainthecauseofhumor.Andmostofthesearticlesusethewesternsitcomsasthedatasourcetoexplainthewesternhumor,whileinthispapertheauthorusesthehottestTVrealityshowDad,WhereAreWeGoingasthedatasource,whichismuchclosertoourlifeandhasmorepracticalsignificance.

1.1ResearchBackground

Recently,theTVrealityshowDad,WhereAreWeGoingproducedbyHunanTVhasattractedalargenumberofaudiences.Inthisprogram,fivefatherswhowereallstarsandtheirchildrenwouldliveinthecountrysideforthreedaysandwouldfulfillthetasksdesignedbytheprogramteam.Duringthisperiod,fivefatherswouldlookaftertheirchildrenincludingcookingandclothing.OnOctober11,thedaytheprogramfirstwasonTV,itsnationalratingachieved1.1percentandtheshareofviewingachieved7.67percent.Onitssecondshow,thenationalratingsroseto1.67percentandtheshareofviewingwentupto11.45percent.Themarginoftheratingrisereached85percenthigh.ItsaudienceratinghadgonefarbeyondothervarietyshowsandwonthefirstplaceamongtheTVprograms.Theamountofwebsearchingisalsofarbeyondotherkeywords.Therehavebeenalmostnonegativecommentsonthisprogramsinceitsfirstshow,whichsetsanewmilestoneinthiskindofTVprograms.

Whycanthisprogramachievesuchasuccess?

Apartfromthestrongappealofthefivewell-knownfathers,thelovelinessandinnocenceofthechildrenandexcitingandsubstantialcontentsoftheprogram,thehardworkingofthestaffbehindthescenehaveallcontributedagreatdealtoitssuccess,andparticularly,thehumoroussubtitlesprovidedbythestaffareahighlightinthisshow.Manyaudiencesthinkhighlyofandareimpressedbythesubtitles.Theyareconcise,easy-to-understandandhumorous.Itsuniquesubtitlescannotonlyeasilyholdtheaudience’sinterestandinterpretthepicturesbutcanalsoextractsomeunexpectedjokesfromthenormalpictures.Sothehumoroussubtitlesaredefinitelyoneofthemostimportantreasonswhythisprogramcanbesosuccessful.

Butwhycanthosesimpleandplainsubtitlescreatesuchhumorouseffect?

Thisiswhattheauthorwillconcentrateoninthework.Humorouslanguageisakindofwisdomandaformofcommunicationthathaslaughter-elicitingfunction.Itusuallyusesrhetoricaldeviceslikemetaphor,pun,exaggeration,metonymy,euphemism,parody,ironyandanti-climaxtocreatehumorouseffects.Humordoesnotexistinobjectiveworldbutinhuman’scognition.Itisrealizedbytheinteractionbetweenthereceiverofthehumorandthethingsthatcancreatehumor.（冉明志，罗亮，2007）Sotheaudience’sunderstandingofthehumoroussubtitlesisacomplexcognitiveprocess.

Westerncognitivelinguisticsoriginatedfrom1980sanditbroughtthehumorouslanguageresearchintoanewstage.Areviewoftheliteratureinthisarearevealsthatarticlesanalyzinghumorouslanguagefromthecognitiveperspectiveareusuallybasedontherelevancetheorywhichcannotinterpretthedynamicprocessduringpeople’sunderstandingofhumorouslanguageincommunication.TheauthorconsidersthatFauconnier’sConceptualBlendingTheorycanmakeupthisdefect.ThecentralideaofConceptualBlendingTheoryisconceptualblendingnetwork,byusingthemappingandblendingoffourmentalspaces,thehumorouseffectscanbepresentedindynamicform.Theauthorwillresearchconscientiouslytherelevantpicturesinthishotrealityshowandanalyzethemattentivelywiththehopethatthosecognitivetheoriescanworkinpracticalfield,furthe