硕士英语综合教程2课后答案.docx

硕士英语综合教程2课后答案.docx

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硕士英语综合教程2课后答案

硕士英语综合教程2-课后答案

硕士英语综合教程2

课后习题答案

Unit1

Human-basedStrategy

1.ReadingComprehension

a.Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthestatementfromthetext.

（1）B

（2）C（3）A（4）A（5）B

b.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationyou’velearnedinthetext.

（1）theyvalueculturaldiversity;theyarefamilyfriendly;theyinvestinemployeetraining;theyempowertheiremployees

（2）theiremployees;HowardSchultz

（3）culturalandtechnicalaspects;coffeeknowledge,productexpertise,customerserviceandinterpersonalskills

（4）fullhealthanddentalcoverage,vacation,andparticipationinthecompanywidestockplancalledBeanStock

（5）selfmanagedworkteams;crossfunctionalteams

2.Vocabulary

a.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnedinthetext.

（1）astute

（2）ignite（3）enthusiasm（4）turnover

（5）transaction（6）interactwith（7）comeintocontactwith（8）empower

（9）superior（10）dropout

b.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.

（1）B

（2）D（3）A（4）C（5）B（6）A（7）D（8）B（9）C（10）A

3.Cloze

Chooseanappropriatewordfromthefollowinglisttofillineachofthefollowingblanks.EachwordcanbeusedonlyONCE.Changetheformwherenecessary.

（1）motivated

（2）selecting（3）retain（4）relied

（5）differentiated（6）recruited（7）adaptability（8）prospective

（9）require（10）efficiently（11）comprehensive（12）challenge

（13）survived（14）rate（15）tripled（16）generous

（17）financial（18）reveal（19）premium（20）morale

4.Translation

a.ChinesetoEnglish

1）TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

（1）Thefascinationgeneratedbyexplorationwillinspireouryoungpeopletostudymath,scienceandengineering,andcreateanewgenerationofinnovatorsandpioneers.

（2）UponreturningtoEngland,heemployedthefavorablemediaattentionasalaunchingpadforhisforayintopolitics.

（3）Owningtothenatureofeverygrowingbusiness,youwillneedtobeonthegoconstantly,andalsobeonthegopreparedtoworkshiftwork,includingnightsandweekends.

（4）InAustralia,gasolinepriceshaveretreated,althoughfallshavebeenlimitedbecauseoftheweaknessoftheAustraliandollaragainstitsAmericancounterpart.

（5）TheAsianeconomyhaspresentedapositivetrend.Somecountrieshaveovercometheimpactofthefinancialcrisisandreviveddevelopment.Asiahasonceagainbecomethespotlightofglobaleconomicgrowth.

（6）China’saccessiontotheWTOcanpromotenotonlythedevelopmentofChineseeconomy,butalsothatoftheworldeconomyandwillinjectnewimpetusintotheprogressofAsianeconomyandworldeconomy.

（7）Thegrowingquantityofinformation,couplewiththedevelopmentoftechnologies,erablethestorageanddeliveryofmoreinformationwithgreaterspeedtomorelocationsthanhaseverbeenpossiblebefore.

（8）Thefutureissomethingwhicheveryonereachesattherateofsixtyminutesanhour,whateverhedoes,whoeverheis.

2）TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.

It’sactuallyprettynatural,andalmostunavoidable,formanagerstoformexpectationsoftheirworkers.Researchhasfoundthatinanorganization,ourexpectationsofotherscanbetieddirectlytoproductivity,profitability,andyes－motivation!

Ifyouhavehighexpectationsofyouremployees,youwillpossessapowerfulandeffectivetoolforimprovingperformanceandmotivationwithinyourorganization.Performanceisoftenamatterofexpectations.Managersandsupervisorsformexpectationsofothers,whichtheninfluencehowtheyinteractwiththosepeople.Ifyoudon’texpectmuchfromyouremployees,theywillsensethatandperformpoorly.Why

Becauseyourexpectationsofthemaffecttheirdesiretodowell.Thepointisthatpeoplenaturallytrytoliveuptoourexpectationsofthem,orlivedowntothem,whateverthecasemaybe.Soexpectthebestfromyouremployeesanddon’tbesurprisedifthat’sexactlywhatyouget!

b.EnglishtoChinese

1）TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.

哪些做法才能区分以人为本的公司呢？

我们至少可以列出四条：

第一，它们重视文化的多样性。

他们根据年龄、性别和种族积极寻求一支多元化的员工队伍。

第二，它们具有家庭氛围。

公司通过为其员工提供灵活的工作时间以及现场托儿服务设施等帮助员工平衡工作和个人职责之间的关系。

第三，它们对员工培训进行投资。

这些公司花费巨资以确保员工的技能水平始终保持最新状态。

这不仅确保员工可以处理该公司的最新技术和工艺，而且还使这样的员工极具市场竞争力。

第四，以人为本的公司将权力下放给员工。

它们将权力和义务下放到公司的最底层。

2）ReadthepassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.

（1）首先,如果你把他们安排在那些既能够体现他们自身价值同时又对公司发展有利的岗位上,他们将会更加愿意展现出自己最棒的一面。

（2）如果你想激励员工让他们尽最大努力完成自己的工作,如果你想让他们成为公司最有价值的资产,那就让他们有公司的主人的感觉吧。

（3）你作为领导应该知道员工积极性与其工作表现之间有直接的联系。

事实上,这种联系取决于你公司的文化以及公司文化灌输给员工的热情。

（4）员工能提出越多关于自己工作的想法,也越有可能接受你的看法。

（5）只有当员工像老板进行投资那样决定投入自己的能力和精力的时候,他们才是真的“认同”,因此请给员工参与制定绩效标准的机会。

TextBDesigningCitiesforPeople

KeytotheExercises

a.Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.

（1）endupwith

（2）overwhelming（3）espouse（4）unprecedented

（5）beidenticalto（6）revive（7）deprivedof（8）deemed

（9）relyon（10）bias

b.Completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthetext.

（1）theratioofparkstoparkinglots

（2）150millionpeople;2.8billionpeople;morethanhalfofusarelivingincities

（3）whatcouldbedoneforwhodidnotowncars

（4）theyaretheonlyplaceswherepeoplemeetasequals

（5）analternativetransportationsystem;inexpensiveandcommuterfriendly

（6）“biophiliahypothesis”;deprivedofcontactwithnature;ameasurabledeclineinwellbeing

（7）budgetallocationsfortransportation;heavilybiasedtoward;highwaysandstreets;shiftingresourcesfromroadsandhighways;urbantransitandbicyclesupportfacilities

（8）concentratefiscalresources;thesmallfractionoftheirpeoplewhoowncars

（9）functionalandaffordable;makingthemattractive,evenculturalcenters

（10）redesigncommunities;thecenterpieceofurbantransport;pedestrianandbicyclefriendly

c.DecidewhetherthestatementisTRUEorFALSEaccordingtothetext.

（1）F

（2）T（3）F（4）F（5）T（6）F（7）T（8）F（9）F（10）F

Unit2

HigherEducation

1.Readingcomprehension

a.Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthestatementfromthetext.

（1）B

（2）A（3）C（4）A（5）B

b.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationyou’velearnedinthetext.

（1）graduatestudentsspendmuchlongertimegettingadegree;it’shardforthemtolookforatenuretrackteachingjobatacollegeoruniversity

（2）apresidentoftheCouncilofGraduateSchools;thesystemoffinancinginAmerica

（3）thatgraduateprogramshaveaddedmorestrictrequirements;thatexpectationsforwhatadegreeholderissupposedtohaveaccomplishedhaveradicallyincreased

（4）improvethequalityofeducation;increasethedemandformoretenuredfacultymembersovertime

（5）graduateschoolssocializestudentsintobelievingtheycan’tleaveacademeorshouldn’t

2.Vocabulary

a.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnedinthetext.

（1）recipient

（2）apprenticeships（3）dissertation（4）tenure（5）adjunct

（6）mentor（7）perpetuate（8）unattainable（9）taint（10）shrunk

b.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.

（1）B

（2）C（3）A（4）C（5）C（6）B（7）D（8）A（9）B（10）A

3.Cloze

Chooseanappropriatewordfromthefollowinglisttofillineachofthefollowingblanks.EachwordcanbeusedonlyONCE.Changetheformwherenecessary.

（1）limited

（2）program（3）in（4）receiving（5）found

（6）but（7）between（8）closed（9）While（10）practice

（11）grind（12）often（13）among（14）which（15）opportunities

（16）enrollment（17）who（18）turn（19）other（20）like

4.Translation

a.ChinesetoEnglish

1）TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

（1）Risingoilpricesaretypicallynegativeforcorporateprofitssincetheyboostexpensesandeatintoconsumers’discretionaryincome.

（2）Anditfollowsfromthis,Hobbesbelieves,thatthesovereignhastherighttodecidewhatopinions,whatbooks,whatideasareconducivetopeaceandwhichonesaimsimplytostirupwaranddiscontent?

（3）ResearchersinGermanysaythatacancerfightingsubstancefoundinhopscouldbeenhancedtobrewaspecialanticancerbeer.

（4）Afabledbird,identifiedwiththekingfisher,wassupposedtohavethepowertocalmthewindandthewaveswhileitnestedontheseaduringthewintersolstice.

（5）Bicyclistsoftenrideasthoughtwowheeledvehiclesareexemptfromalltrafficlaws.

（6）Theinstructorshouldnotrebukethegirlstudentforhersmallmistakeinfrontofallclassmates.Giventhatsheisinexperienced,shehasdoneagoodjob.

（7）Fromabroaderperspective,higherattritionratewouldaffectthedevelopmentoftheindustryasawhole.Sothenecessityistoshortentheapprenticeship.

（8）IhavetolevelwithyoubecauseIdon’twantanymisunderstandingbetweenus,sohowcanyoujustifyspendingsomuchmoney?

2）TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.

Theerror—theheresy—istothinkthattheentirepurposeofeducationistogetyouabetterjob:

thattheentirefunctionofanindividuallifeistomakeasmuchmoneyaspossible.Noonesaidtome,readFinnegansWakeandyou’llmakeabloodyfortune;that’sthewholepointofreadingthedamnthing.It’saterribleshame,andIfeelhorriblysadforthepeoplewhomustgothroughitall,carryingtheburdenofeconomicexpectationratherthenthespiritofexplorationandadventure.Wewerealltoobusytryingtosussoutthemeaningoflifetobesidetrackedbysuchsideissuesascareers,untilthetimecametomeetrealityheadon.Thathasn’tstoppedanumberofolduniversityfriendsfrombeingconspicuouslysuccessful.Therefore,thepurposeofeducationissupposedtomakeyourich,notwealthy.

b.EnglishtoChinese

1）TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.

比如,英语文学专业一年级和二年级博士生可能不会面对像他们的医学和法律学院的同伴那样令人头疼的课程负担或者以不正当