句子成分分析.docx
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句子成分分析.docx
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句子成分分析
【教材原句】 HecouldnothaveYongHuigettingawaywithtellingpeoplelies!
(P10)
他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚!
【句法分析】
(1)have意为“允许某人做某事”时,常用于否定句中;意为“使某人做某事”时,多用于肯定句中。
(2)have让某人做某事。
(3)havedo有事要做。
(4)havesth.done让某人做某事
①Ican’thaveyouspeakingtoyourmotherinarudemanner.Youmustapologizetoherimmediately.
我不允许你用那种粗鲁的方式跟你的妈妈说话。
你必须立刻向她道歉。
③TheteacherhadhisstudentsreadEnglisheverymorningforhalfanhour.
这位老师让他的学生每天早上读半个小时的英语。
课堂练习
chocolateforme—I’m______adiet.
childsaidthathehad______thepenonthedesk,butIthoughthe______tome.
;lied;lie;lain;lied
brotherisonaspecial______tolose______weight.
;/;his;/;his
arelotsof______inmybookshop.
mayneverknowthe______ofknowledgewithoutbeingeducated.
don’tknowhowhemanagedto______cheatingintheexam.
awaywithawayfromoutofbehindwith
couldhaveseenfromhisfacethathehad______toyou.
struggledto______onmynewskates.
mybalancebalancemybalancebalance
motherboughtanewskirtformeata______yesterday.
childshowscuriosity______everythingaroundhim.
expertsconsulted______eachother______howtoreducethelosscausedbytheearthquakeinSichuan.
;about;on;at;with
yourknowledgecanbeinsomeway______withmyexperience,wearesuretosucceed.
areyouspying______meallthetimeWhatdoyouwanttospy______
;out;for;for;on
14.Aftertenyearsofhardwork,theyatlastgot______.
ofdebtdebtdebtofdebts
15.Harryhasbeenoutworkforsixmonths,sohehasdifficult______.
livingsB.earninghislivingearnlivingsearnhisliving
16.Iparkedmycarrightherebutnowit‘sgone.It______ .
A. mustbestolen B. maybestolenC. musthavestolenD. musthavebeenstolen
17.He______ theworkyesterday,buthedidn‘t.
A. musthavefinishedB. needfinish C. finished D. shouldhavefinished
18.Hedidnotpasstheexamination.Asagoodstudent, he______ .
A.mustn‘thavefailedB.maynothavefailedC.needn‘thavefailedD.shouldn'thavefailed
19.Mysister’sprofessorhadher________herpapermanytimesbeforeallowinghertopresentittothecommittee.
A.rewrittenB.towriteC.rewriteD.rewriting
20.Theyaregoingtohavetheserviceman_____anelectricfanintheofficetomorrow.
A.installB.toinstallC.tobeinstalledD.installed
21.Sheisgoingtothephotographer’s_________.
A.totakeherphotographB.tohavetakenherphotograph
C.tohaveherphotographtakenD.thathetakesherphotograph
22.They’llhaveyou________ifyoudon’tpayyourtaxes.
A.TobearrestedB.arrestC.arrestedD.beingarrested
23.JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglish_____inashortperiod.
A.improvedB.improvingC.toimproveD.improve
24.---DidPeterfixthecomputerhimself
---He_______,becausehedoesn’tknowmuchaboutcomputers.
A.hasitfixedB.hadfixeditC.haditfixedD.fixedit
25.“Ican’tseetheblackboardverywell.”
“Perhapsyouneed______.”
A.toexamineyoureyesB.tohaveyoureyesexamined
C.tohaveexaminedyoureyesD.tobeexaminedyoureyes
26.Whodidtheteacherhave____anarticleforthewallnewspaperjustnow
A.writingB.writeC.towriteD.written
27.“Doyouhaveanyclothes_______”,motheraskedJohn.
A.washB.washesC.towashD.tobewashed
28.Mymothercomplained:
“mymotherdidn’thaveme__________afterteno’clock.”
A.returnhomeB.returninghomeC.toreturnhomeD.returnedhome
MembersofaSentence
(一)句子成分分析---主语,谓语,表语,宾语
根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用,英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
其中,主语和谓语是句子的主要成分,一般情况下,一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。
1.主语subject:
表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般由_____、________或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,置于________。
如:
Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemo
reandmorepopular.(名词)WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.(代词)
Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.(不定式)
Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.(动名词)
Therichshouldhelpthepoor.(名词化的形容词)
WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.(主语从句)
Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.(it作形式主语,真正主语为后面的不定式)
2.谓语predicate:
说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征,由________或动词短语充当,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,位于主语之后.助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。
如:
1、简单谓语:
由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如:
Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.
2、复合谓语:
(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如:
Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.
(2)由系动词加表语构成。
如:
Wearestudents.
3.表语predicative:
表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征,一般由_______、__________、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当,位于________动词之后,与连系动词一起构成句子的谓语。
如:
OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.(名词)
Isityours(代词)
Theweatherhasturnedcold.(形容词)
Thespeechisexciting.(分词)
Threetimessevenistwentyone(数词)
HisjobistoteachEnglish.(不定式)
Hishobby(爱好)isplayingfootball.(动名词)
Themachinemustbeoutoforder.(介词短语)
Timeisup.Theclassisover.(副词)
Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.(表语从句)
4.宾语object:
指动作所涉及的人或事物,是动作的承受者。
一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,位于________之后。
如:
Theywenttoseeanexhibition(展览)yesterday.(名词)
Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.(代词)
HowmanydictionariesdoyouhaveIhavefive.(数词)
Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.(名词化形容词)
Hepretendednottoseeme.(不定式短语)
Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.(动名词短语)
Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.(宾语从句)
宾语又分为__________宾语和___________宾语。
一般而言,_______宾语代表人,而_______宾语指代物。
可接双宾语的常见动词有:
ask,answer,give,offer,send,bring,pass,tell,show,teach,promise,lend
MotherboughtmeaVCR.=MotherboughtaVCRforme.
主语谓语间宾直宾主语谓语直宾间宾
Lendmeyourdictionary,please.
(二)简单句的五种基本句型
1、主语+系动词+表语:
.Heisastudent.
2、主语+不及物动词:
.Wework.
3、主语+及物动词+宾语:
.Henryboughtadictionary.
4、主语+及物动词+双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语):
.Myfatherboughtmeacar.
5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语(宾语+宾补):
.Tommadethebabylaugh.
注:
其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。
分析下列句子成分
we’ll go depends on the weather .
2. Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now
3. That was how they were defeated.
thedrivercouldnotcontrolhiscarwasobvious.
’ll return the book to you tomorrow .
选择填空:
1.____willleaveforBeijing.
A.NowtherethemanB.Themanherenow
C.ThemanwhoisherenowD.Themanisherenow
2.Theweather____.
A.wetandcoldB.is
wetandcoldC.notwetandcoldD.werewetandcold
3.Theappletasted____.
A.sweetsB.sweetlyC.nicelyD.sweet
4.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.
A.latelyB.lateC.latestD.latter
5.Theactor______attheageof70.
A.deadB.diedC.dyedD.deaded
6.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakearest.
A.We,usB.Us,weC.We,ou
rD.We,we
7.Hefoundthestreetmuch______.
A.crowdB.crowdingC.crowdedD.crowdedly
think_____necessarytolearnEnglishwell.
A.itsB.itC.thatD.thatis
9.Thedog____mad.
A.looksB.islookedC
.isbeinglookedD.waslooked
willneverforgettheday______Ijoinedthearmy.
A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.where
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- 句子成分 分析
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