人教版八年级上册英语重点短语与语法.docx
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人教版八年级上册英语重点短语与语法.docx
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人教版八年级上册英语重点短语与语法
2015年人教版八年级上册英语重点短语与语法
Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?
(谈论假期生活,一般过去时)
Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?
(谈论生活习惯,一般现在时)
Unit3I'mmoreoutgoingthanmysister(谈论事物对比,形容词比较级)
Unit4What'sthebestmovietheater?
(谈论事物比较,形容词最高级)
Unit5Doyouwanttowatchagameshow?
(谈论内心想法,一般现在时)
Unit6I’mgoingtostudycomputerscience.(谈谈生活的目标,一般将来时)
Unit7Willpeoplehaverobots?
(对将来生活的预言,一般将来时)
Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?
(描述进程,祈使句)
Unit9Canyoucometomyparty?
(学习邀请,作出、接受和拒绝邀请,学习表请求的句子)
Unit10Ifyougototheparty,you’llhaveagreattime.(作出决定,学习if的条件状语从句)
①复习一般过去时
②复合不定代词的用法
③反身代词的用法
④系动词的用法
⑤动词后的todo和doing的区别
⑥ed形容词和ing形容词的区别
⑦“近义词”的区别
⑧本单元中的主谓一致现象
⑨动词过去式的构成及不规则动词表
⑩用同义短语转换同义句时谓语动词形式一致性的培养。
⑾感叹句的结构和连词的选择。
Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?
重点短语
1.goonvacation去度假
2.stayathome待在家里
3.gotothemountains去爬山
4.gotothebeach去海滩
5.visitmuseums参观博物馆
6.gotosummercamp去参加夏令营
7.quiteafew相当多
8.studyfor为……而学习
9.goout出去
10.mostofthetime大部分时间
11.tastegood尝起来很好吃
12.haveagoodtime玩得高兴
13.ofcourse当然
14.feellike给……的感觉;感受到
15.goshopping去购物
16.inthepast在过去
17.walkaround四处走走
18.becauseof因为
19.onebowlof…一碗……
20.thenextday第二天
21.drinktea喝茶
22.findout找出;查明
23.goon继续
24.takephotos照相
25.somethingimportant重要的事
26.upanddown上上下下
27.comeup出来
28.buysth.forsb./buysb.sth.为某人买某物
29.taste+adj.尝起来……
30.look+adj.看起来……
31.nothing…but+动词原形除了……之外什么都没有
32.seem+(tobe)+adj.看起来……
33.arrivein+大地点/arriveat+小地点到达某地
34.decidetodosth.决定去做某事
35.trydoingsth.尝试做某事/
36.trytodosth.尽力去做某事
37.forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事/
38.forgettodosth.忘记做某事
39.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事
40.wanttodosth.想去做某事
41.startdoingsth.开始做某事
42.stopdoingsth.停止做某事
43.dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事
44.keepdoingsth.继续做某事
45.Whynotdo.sth.?
为什么不做……呢?
46.so+adj.+that+从句如此……以至于……
47.tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人(不要)做某事
48.haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself=havefun(doingsth.)玩得痛快
三、重点句子:
1.Wheredidyougoonvacation?
你去哪儿度假的?
2.Longtimenosee.好久不见。
3.Didyougoanywhereinteresting?
你去有趣的地方了吗?
4.Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.
大多数时间我只呆在家里看书和放松。
5.Everythingwasexcellent.一切都很棒。
6.Iboughtsomethingformyfather.我给我爸爸买了些东西。
7.Howdidyoulikeit?
你觉得它怎么样?
8.IarrivedatPenanginMalaysiathismorningwithmyfamily.
今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城。
9.Forlunch,wehadsomethingveryspecial.午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。
10.…butmanyoftheoldbuildingsarestillthere.
……但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里。
11.MyfatherandIdecidedtogotoPenangHilltoday.
今天我和爸爸决定去槟城山。
12.Andbecauseofthebadweather,wecouldn’tseeanythingbelow.
并且因为糟糕的天气,我们看不见下面的任何东西。
语法:
复合不定代词或副的构成及用法
构成:
由some,any,no,every分别加上-body,-thing,-one构成的不定代词叫做合成不定代词;加上-where构成副词。
用法:
(1)合成不定代词在句中可以作主语,宾语或表语等。
Nobodywilllistentohim.Hewantssomethingtoeat.
(2)不定代词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数。
ThereisnothingwrongwiththeTV.Everybodylikesreading.
(3)some-不定代词,通常用于肯定句中;
any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句中。
但some-可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。
Someoneiscallingme.
Thereisn’tanyoneelsethere.
Isanybodyoverthere?
Couldyougivemesomethingtoeat?
(4)形容词修饰不定代词时,通常要放在不定代词之后。
Thereissomethingdeliciousonthetable.
(5)somewhere,anywhere,nowhere,everywhere用作副词。
Flowerscomeouteverywhere.
注:
①形容词修饰不定代词要后置:
anythingspecial
②不定代词做主语时谓语用单数.
巩固练习:
用不定代词或不定副词填空:
1.Ican’thearanything=Icanhear_________.
2.Thereis__________onthefloor.Pleasepickitup.
3.Did________gotoplaybasketballwithyou?
4.Iphonedyoulastnight,but________answeredit.
5.Maybe__________putmypencil_________.Ican’tfindit___________.
单选
1.Noone________howtodoit.A.knowB.knowsC.knowingD.knew
2.Everything_____OK,isn’tit?
A.wasB.areC.andD.is
3.There’s________inthenewspaper.Youshouldreadit.
A.importantsomethingB.somethingboring
C.boringsomethingD.somethingimportant.
arrivedinPenanginMalaysiathismorningwithmyfamily.
(翻译)___________________________________
arrive为不及物动词,意为____,
arrivein到达+大地方(国家省市)
arriveat到达+小地方(机场商店等)
getto到达+地方
reach到达+地方
TheSmiths_____NewYorkat8:
00lastnight.
A.arrivedatB.gottoC.reachD.arrived
2.sowedecidedtogotothebeachnearourhotel.(翻译)_____________
3.decide为及物动词,意为决定,决心。
决定做某事:
____________.
4.MysisterandItriedparagliding.(翻译)____________________
trytodosth.意为______________;
trydoingsth.意为________________
Weshouldn’ttry_______(study)English,weshouldtry________(study)English.
5.IfeltlikeIwasabird.(翻译)________________________________.
feellike意为_____后常接_____.另外feellike还意为_____
Doyoufeellikeacupoftea?
6.Iwonderwhatlifewaslikehereinthepast.(翻译)_____________
wonder为及物动词,意为“想知道”,后常接疑问词(who,what,why)引导的从句。
Iwonder_____youaredoing.(我想知道你正在做什么。
)
6.Whatadifferenceadaymakes!
感叹句,结构为What+名词+主语+谓语!
补充:
________________________________________________
7.Wewaitedoveranhourforthetrainbecausethereweretoomanypeople.
________为等候,后接人或物。
________为太多,后接可数名词复数;
________+不可数名词(money);
________为太…后接形容词或副词(big)
8.Myfatherdidn’tbringenoughmoney.
Enough后可接________________,其形式分别为_________;_____________。
wanttodosth.想要做某事
wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事
wouldliketodosth.想要做某事
(2)decidetodosth.决定做某事
decideon决定某事
课后练习
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Ididn’tfind______(someone)there.
2.Isthere_______(something)importantintoday’snewspaper?
3.Look!
Thereis_______(anybody)athome.Thelightison.
4.Amy_______(meet)afamousactoryesterday.
5.There_______(be)forty-fivestudentsinourclasslastterm.
6.MissGreen________(come)toChinain2008.
7.LittleTom_______(be)hereamomentago.
8.She_________(buy)anewbagyesterday.
二、单项选择
()1.----_____you______tothemovies?
----Yes,Idid.
A.DidwentB.DidgoC.Arewent
()2.-----Howwasyourweekend?
------Great!
We_______apicnicinthepark.A.haveB.hasC.had()
3.MrsGreenwithherlittledaughter_______athome______thatrainynight.
A.wasonB.wereonC.wasat()
4.---Whotoldyoutocleanthewindows?
---MissWang______
A.toldB.didC.hastold()
5.----Doyoualways_______tothezoo?
-----Yes,I______yesterday.
A.gogoB.gowentC.wentgo()
6.----______thereanykoalasinthezoolastyear?
----No,there______.
A.Arearen’tB.Werewasn’tC.Wereweren’t()
7.-----Didyougowith______?
------Yes,Idid.
A.someoneB.anyoneC.somebody()
8.-----Didyoubuy______special?
-----No,Ididn’t.
A.somethingB.somethingsC.anything
三、句型转换
1.Lucyplayedcomputergamesyesterday.
(改为一般疑问句)
______Lucy_____computergamesyesterday?
2.WewenttothePalaceMuseum.
(对划线部分提问)_____________you______?
3.Therewassomeoneherejustnow.
(改为否定句)___________________________________________.
4.Sheplayedvolleyballjustnow.
(改为否定句)She_______________
5.volleyballjustnow.Theyatealotoficecream.
(对划线部分提问)________________they________?
6.Myvacationwasprettygood.
(对划线部分提问)_______________yourvacation?
Monday,July15th
IarrivedinPenanginMalaysiathismorningwithmyfamily.Itwassunnyandhot,sowedecidedtogotothebeachnearourhotel.MysisterandItriedparagliding.IfeltlikeIwasabird.Itwassoexciting!
Forlunch,wehadsomethingveryspecial—Malaysianyellownoodles.Theyweredelicious!
Intheafternoon,werodebicyclestoGeorgetown.Therearealotofnewbuildingsnow,butmanyoftheoldbuildingsarestillthere.InWeldQuay,areallyoldplaceinGeorgetown,wesawthehousesoftheChinesetradersfrom100yearsago.Iwonderwhatlifewaslikehereinthepast.Ireallyenjoyedwalkingaroundthetown.
Tuesday,July16th
Whatadifferentadaymakes!
MyfatherandIdecidedtogotoPenangHilltoday.Wewantedtowalkuptothetop,butthenitstartedrainingalittlesowedecidedtotakethetrain.Wewaitedoverandhourforthetrainbecausethereweretoomanypeople.Whenwegottothetop,itwasrainingreallyhard.Wedidn’thaveanumbrellasowewerewetandcold.Itwasterrible.Andbecauseofthebadweather,wecouldn’tseeanythingbelow.Myfatherdidn’tbringenoughmoney,soweonlyhadonebowlofriceandsomefish.ThefoodtastedgreatbecauseIwassohungry!
不规则动词过去式:
am,is-wasare-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said
give-gaveget-got,go-wentcome-camehave-had,
eat-atetake-tookrun-ran,sing-sang,put-put,
make-maderead-read,write-wrotedraw-drew
drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,
sweep-sweptbuy-bought,swim-swam,sit-sat,
bring--brought,can-could,cut-cutbecome-became,
begin-began,draw-drewfeel-feltfind-found
forget-forgothear-heardkeep-keptknow-knew,
learn-learnt(learned)leave-left,let-let,
lose-lost,meet-met,read-read,sleep-slept,
speak-spoke,take-tookteach-taught,tell-told,wake-woke
Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?
重点短语
suchas例如;诸如
junkfoodn.垃圾食品;无营养食品
morethan超过;多于;不仅仅;非常
lessthan不到;少于
helpwithhousework帮助做家务onweekends在周末
howoften多久一次hardlyever几乎从不
onceaweek每周一次twiceamonth每月两次
everyday每天befree有空
gotothemovies去看电影usetheInternet用互联网
swingdance摇摆舞playtennis打网球
stayuplate熬夜;睡得很晚atleast至少
havedanceandpianolessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课
gotobedearly早点睡觉
playsports进行体育活动begoodfor对……有好处
gocamping去野营not…atall一点儿也不……
inone’sfreetime在某人的业余时间themostpopular最受欢迎的
suchas比如;诸如oldhabitsdiehard积习难改
gotothedentist去看牙医mornthan多于;超过
lessthan少于helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事
Howabout…?
..
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