至今最强逻辑连接词.docx
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至今最强逻辑连接词.docx
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至今最强逻辑连接词
史上最全逻辑连接词
1.Although(更书面)=though(更口语)=evenif(即使,更偏假设性)=eventhough(虽然,更偏事实性)+句子
注:
不能与but连用。
Devotedthoughwearetoprosperityandfreedom,wecannotshakeoffthejudgmentalstrandofjustice.用倒装
2.Nomatterhow/what/who等=疑问句+ever
Nomatterwho/Whoeveryouare,youmustkeepthelaw.
注意:
疑问句+ever可以引导名词性从句
Whoever(≠nomatterwho)comeswillbewelcome.
3.…,aslongas…
Youcandowhatyouwant,aslongasyoulike.
4.名词/表语/动词+as(though)倒装,。
。
。
,表“纵使”
Objectas/thoughyoumay,I’llgo。
Smallasatomsare,theyaremadeupofstillsmallerunits。
LoveroftownsasIam,IrealizethatIoweadebttomyearlycountrylife.
5.Whether…or…正反两方面,。
。
。
表“不论。
。
。
与否”
Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itstrue.
Youllhavetoattendtheceremonywhetheryourefreeorbusy.
6.Be原型+主语+表语(n,adj)=whether+主语+be动词+表语(n,adj)。
不论。
一文学性强的虚拟语气,表让步。
Beithistoricaltradition,faithandculture,orsocialsystem,valuesandlevelofdevelopment,thosecountriesorregionsareoftendifferentfromoneanother.
7.Despite+n/ving=inspiteof尽管.(不能加句子)
Despitethefactthat+句子(太累赘)
Despitemyself,…情不自禁地…
Herwordsweresosatirical(讽刺的)thatIlostmytemperinspiteofmyself。
8.Notwithstanding+sth尽管
Butnotwithstandingitsancientlineage,itisopentothefollowingchallenge.
9.Albeit虽然即使
Youaretobegivenonemethodofcommunicationwithyourrival,albeitindirectcommunication.
###1.2原因###
Since
As
Because
For+句子
Asaresultofsth.=Asaconsequenceofsth由于sth,sth是原因。
Becauseof
Owingtosth介词
Thanksto...后面原因一般是积极性的
Byvirtueofsth
Onaccountof
Bedueto
Owetosth动词
Accountfor=resultin表示导致
Systematiceconomicforcesaccountforthedisastrousloses.
Attribute…to…把。
。
。
归因于。
。
。
Heattributedtheoppositiontoadeep-seatedattitudeinmilitary.
Sthwouldexplainwhy…
Forthisreason,...
Foronereasonoranother,由于某种原因(不具体指明)
Histravelarticlesarealways,foronereasonoranother,fascinating.
Foronething,在众多原因中指出其中一个
Alotofpeopledon’ttakethetimetoreadcontracts.Foronething,they’reofteninverytinyprint.
Onthis/thataccount,由于这个、那个原因
Shewasdivorced,andonthataccountalonemymotherdislikedher.
Thereasonwhy+结果/that+原因
Greedisthereasonwhytheydonotdeservethemoney.
###1.3结果###
Accordingly=Consequently
原因+Resultin+结果
Thisoutcomewillresultinchildrenstartingbullyingyoungerones.
Thus
Hence
So
Therefore
Excessivegreedisthereforeavicethatagoodsocietyshoulddiscourageifitcan.
Assuch
Asaresult最终,因此,结果
Asaconsequence/Inconsequence,...
###1.4目的###
So
Sothat
Shouldlawbeneutraltowardscompetingconceptionsofvirtue,sothatpeoplecanbefreetochooseforthemselvesthebestwaytolive?
Inorderthat
Regularchecksarerequiredinorderthatsafetystandardsaremaintained.
Todosth,…
Toanswerit,wehavetoexplorethemeaningofjustice.
Inordertodosth
Inordertodeterminewhodeserveswhat,wehavetodeterminewhatvirtuesareworthyofhonorandreward.
Forthesakeofsth=Forsth’ssake为了sth的目的
Ihopeyou’renotdoingthisjustforthesakeofthemoney.
Forclarity’ssake,I’dliketorewordmystatement.
###1.5转折###
However,
Yet轻微转折
Andyetweworrywhenjudgmentsaboutvirtuefindstheirwayintolaws.
Whereas
Conversely
Nevertheless
Otherwise,否则
Onthecontrary
Instead,表示对上述方式的完全反转
Instead,ajustsocietyrespectseachpeople’sfreedomtochoosehisorherownconceptionofthe
goodlife.
Contrarily
Inversely
Contrariwise
Oppositely,
Insteadofsth
Asopposedto表示与前述对象的反转对比
Thecostoftheseplanesis£3million,asopposedtothe£2millionchargedbytheircompetitors.
While引导从句,表明前后情况不同,做个对比
Ratherthan.并不是、而不、并没有,前后对等
Behonestratherthanclever.诚实胜于机巧。
Thispolicymightleadthemtostayinharm’swayratherthanfleetosafety.
Ratherthanpressformaximumadvantages,peoplelookoutforoneanother.
###1.6对比###
While既可以对比相反的东西,也可以对比稍有不同的
Ancienttheoriesstartwithvirtuewhilemoderntheoriesstartwithfreedom.
Ontheotherhand,
By/Incomparison/contrast对比之下
Theirliveswereexcitingandglamorous;oursseemeddullbycomparison.
Thevirtueargument,bycontrast,restsonthejudgmentthatgreedisavicethatstateshould
discourage.
Alternatively,提供另一种思路或方法建议
In/Bycomparisonwithsth介词
Thisessaywillbrieflyreviewtheconsandprosofimprisonmentincomparisonwithjobtraining.
Bycomparisonwiththelivelyteenagers,theadultswereajoylesslot.
Comparedwith/to
###1.7类比###
Justas/like
Similarly,
Likewise,
Identically,
Equivalently,
As…as
Theyhavesacrificedassurely,andashonorably,asthosewhohavelostalimb.
Thesameas
Touristsfindthisparkjustthesameastheonetheyvisitedpreviously.
Inthesameway/manner
###1.8递进###
Further
Furthermore
Besides,
Moreover
Inadditiontosth,
Inadditiontooutliningthecausesofthisproblem,thisessaywillalsoproposesolutions.
Inaddition,
What’smore
ApartfromB…其有两个意思,既可以:
除了B(包括B),也表示:
除了B(不包括B)
Additionally,
###1.9举例###
Thelikesof就像
Suchas
Like
Theirpurchasesofnecessitieslikesafelodgingareforced.
Including,包括
e.g. 直接加sth,中间没有逗号
…isacaseinpoint.正在点儿上,指例子可以很好地阐述这个观点
Hereisacasewhere…指出例子
Hereisacasewheretheeconomyasawholeseemedtooutweighconsiderationsoffairness.
Take...asanexample以。
。
。
为例
Insomeinstances.在某些情况中
Forinstances,
Forexample,
###1.10假设###
If
Ifitspriceishigher,manufacturerswillfinditworththeirwhiletoproducemoregoods.
Given/provided/providing+名词/that从句,考虑到、假如
Youcangoouttoplayprovidedthatyoufinishyourhomeworkfirst.
It’saloteasiertogetgoodmarksonashort-answerquestion,providingyoudoitwell.
Onlyif,唯有,唯一的条件是
Therebelssaytheyarereadytostopfighting,butonlyiftheprisonersarereleased.
Onconditionthat,以。
。
。
为前提,只有
###1.11解释,转述###
Inotherwords,
Prosperitymatters,inotherwords,becauseitcontributestoourwelfare.
Thatis,thatistosay,
i.e.
Namely
Somegroups,namelystudentsandpensioners,willbenefitfromthenewtax.
Meanthat
###1.12并列###
And
AaswellasB,强调as前得名词或者形容词A,不仅B,而且A
Wemustlearntolookatproblemsall-sidedly,seeingthereverseaswellastheobversesideofthings.强调要看到reverse即反面
nolessAthanB,同上强调前面A,不仅B,而且A
notonlyA,butalsoB,不同上,强调后面B,不仅A,而且B
Heisastatesmanaswellasascholar=Heisnolessastatesmanthanascholar=Heisnotonlyascholarbutalsoastatesman.
and...A...aswell.则强调A
###1.13说明观点###
###认为/支持/反对
###认为:
Arguethat.有“争论到”之意,用于对陈述相反观点
Someeconomistsarguedthatthelawwasmisconceived.
Believethat
Somebelievedthattheexchangeofgoodsshouldbegovernedbyajustprice.
Acknowledgethat.
承认,一般表示某人承认,之后会转折
Ihavetoacknowledgethatithastheadvantageofhighefficiency.
Maintainthat
Defendersofthislawmaintainthat,undercertainconditions,thefreemarketisnottrulyfree.
Holdthat
Manypeopleholdthatgovernmentshouldbeneutralonmattersofvirtueandvice.
Insistthat
Thosewhoinsistthatonlybleedingwoundsshouldbecountbelievethat…
Claimthat声称
Theveteran’sgroupclaimedthatdoingsowould“debase”thehonor.
Pointout
Ashepointsout,buyersunderduresshavenofreedom.
Consider…(tobe).认为。
。
。
如何
Somepeoplefavorabortionrights,andothersconsiderabortiontobemurder.
Whereassomeconsideritanformofreversediscriminationagainstpeoplewhodeserveadmissionontheirmerits.
Beoftheopinionthat
Iamoftheopinionthatcarownershipshouldbediscouraged.
Fromapersonalpointofview,..
Fromapersonalpointofview,itisessentialtoreducenon-essentialtravel.
Sb’spointisthat…某人的意思是
Plato’spointisthattograspthemeaningofjusticeandthenatureofthegoodlife,wemustriseabovefromtheprejudicesandroutinesofeverydaylife.
###支持:
Support
Favorsth/doingsth
Thecaptainfavorsincludingmentalinjuries.
Defendsth捍卫,支持
Somedefendaffirmativeactionsincollegeadmissionsasawayofrightingpastwrongs.
Advocates/defenders/proponents反对者、支持者
Conviction,坚信
Myfirmconvictionisthatpunishmentdoesnothasmuchofaroletoplayinthis.
###反对:
Argueagainst.反对
Jeff,apro-marketcommentatorwritingthebookBostonGlobe,arguedagainstthislaw.
Reject
反对某种观点/行为
Jimrejectedthenotionthatthese“unconscionable”pricesreflectedatrulyfreeexchange.
Acivilizedcountryshouldrejectthetortureofterrorsuspects.
Theargumentfororagainststh.对某话题的支持/反对观点
Weshouldalsoconsideronefurtherargumentforthislaw.
Opposesth/sb/doing
Aveteran’sgroupopposedawardingthemedalforpsychologicalinjuries.
Disagree
Citizensofpluralistsocietiesdisagreeaboutsuchthings?
Disagreewith
ThereforeIhavetodisagreealmostentirelywiththegivenstatement.
Opponents反对者,是名词
Notsurprisingly,theopponentsofthislawinvokethesetwosimilarargumentsforfreemarkets.
Itistruethat…but…用于承认一方后,强调另一方
###表示优点缺点
advantagesanddisadvantages
Itsadvantagesoverweightitsdisadvantages.
prosandcons
strengthsandweaknesses
meritsanddemerits
benefitsandproblems
Evenifhighpricescallforthagreatersupplyofgoods,thisbenefithastobeweighedagainsttheburdensuchpricesimposeonthoseleasttoaffordthem.
Ontheplus/positive/negativeside
Onthedownside
sthdomoregoodthanharm
AOutweighB,A超出B,更重要,用以连接上述的优缺点词汇
Thepossiblebenefitsoutweightherisksinvolved.
###做结论
Concludethat.
Sowecanconcludethat….
Inbrief/insummary/conclusion
Tosummarize
###根据
Accordingto/basedon
Accordingtothetextbookcontext,thisquestiondividesancientandmodernpoliticalthought.
###引出话题
Itissaidthat…据说
Itseemsthat
Thefocusof…isonsth.
Thefocusofthisessayisonthecauses
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