必读大学英语阅读理解一附答案.docx
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必读大学英语阅读理解一附答案
ØOxford University
OxfordUniversityis theoldestuniversityinBritainandone of theworld'smost famousinstitutionsofhigherlearning.OxfordUniversitywasestablishedduring the 1100's.It islocated inOxford,England,about80kilometersnorthwestof London.
The universityhasover16,300students(1999-2000), almostaquarterof thesestudentsarefromoverseasandmorethan130nationalitiesarerepresented. Itconsistsof 35colleges,plusfiveprivate hallsestablishedbyvariousreligiousgroups.Threeofthefiveprivate halls are formenonly. Of thecolleges, St.Hilda'sandSomervillearefor women,andtherestareformen andwomen.
At Oxford,eachcollegeis a corporate bodydistinctfromtheuniversity and isgovernedbyits ownheadandfellows.Mostfellowsare collegeinstructorscalledtutors,andtherest areuniversityprofessorsand lecturers.Eachcollegemanagesitsownbuildings andproperty, elects itsownfellows, andselectsandadmitsitsownundergraduatestudents.Theuniversityprovidessome libraries, laboratories,and otherfacilities,butthecolleges takeprimaryresponsibilityforthe teaching andwell-being oftheirstudents.
Eachstudent atOxfordisassignedtoatutor,whosupervises thestudent'sprogramofstudy, primarilythroughtutorials. Tutorialsareweeklymeetings ofoneortwostudentswith theirtutor.Studentsmayseeothertutorsforspecialized instruction.Theymay also attend lecturesgiven byuniversity teachers.Studentschoosewhichlecturestoattendonthebasisof theirownspecialinterestsandonthe adviceoftheirtutors.
The university,nottheindividualcolleges,grantsdegrees.Thefirstdegree intheartsorsciencesistheBachelorofArtswith honors. Oxfordalsogrants higher degrees,diplomas,and certificatesinawidevarietyof subjects.
TheRhodes scholarship programenablesstudentsfromtheUnited States,Canada,andmanyothernationstostudyatOxfordforaminimumoftwoyears. TheBritish governmentgrants Marshall scholarshipstocitizensofthe UnitedStatesforstudyat OxfordandotheruniversitiesthatarelocatedinBritain.
Thecompetitionfor scholarshipsandgrantsis,however, extremely strongandthere areusuallystrictrequirements.Studentsshouldcheck carefullythatthey areeligible to apply fora particularscholarshipbeforemaking anapplicationasmostofthe schemes are restrictedtocertainnationalitiesand/orprograms.
ThestudentsandstaffatOxfordareactively involved inover55initiatives(2001),includingvisits tomorethan3,700schools and colleges,toencouragethebrightestandbest studentstoapplytoOxford,whatevertheirbackground.
The universityhas beennamed theUK'smostinnovativeuniversityintheLaunchit2001competition, whichaimed to discoverwhichBritishuniversityhas demonstratedthe greatestachievementsin innovationand enterpriseacrossthebroadest rangeof activity.In thenationalTeachingQualityAssessment exercisesfor2000,Oxfordwasawardedtopmarksinsixoutoftensubjectsassessed.
Oxford, StanfordandYaleUniversitieshaverecentlybecomepartnersinajoint'distancelearning'venture,theAlliance for Lifelong Learning,which will provideonlinecoursesintheartsandsciences.
Themissionof Oxford istoaimat achievingandmaintainingexcellence ineveryareaofitsteaching andresearch,maintaining anddevelopingitshistoricalpositionasa world-classuniversity,andenrichingtheinternational,national, andregional communitiesthroughthe fruitsof its researchandtheskills ofitsgraduates.
In supportofthisaimtheuniversitywillprovide thefacilitiesand supportfor itsstafftopursueinnovativeresearch byrespondingto developments intheintellectualenvironmentandsociety at large;andpromote challengingandrigorousteachingwhichbenefitsfromafruitfulinteraction with the researchenvironment,facilitatingtheexchangeofideasthroughtutorialsandsmall-grouplearning andexploiting theUniversity'sresourcesin itslibraries,museums, andscientific collections,toequip itsgraduates to playtheirpart ata nationalandinternational level.
(一)Answerthe following questions withtheinformationfromthepassage.
1.Howmanyinternationalstudentsare studyingat Oxford?
2.Whatdoes atutor do?
3.Aregoodstudents oftengrantedascholarship?
Whyorwhy not?
4.Why did thestudentsandstaffvisit morethan 3 700 schools andcollegesin2001?
5.Would youliketostudyatOxfordUniversityif youhavean opportunity?
Listasmanyreasons asyoucanthinkof.
(二)Choosethebestanswer to eachquestion basedon the information you obtainfromthepassage.
1.Themain purposeofthispassageisto__________.
A) provide scholarship informationforOxfordapplicants
B)give anintroductionto OxfordUniversityingeneral
C)explain theteachingand researchsystems ofOxford
D)introducethelong historyofOxford
2.TheadmissionofanundergraduatestudentatOxfordisdecidedby__________.
A) theuniversity
B)afellow
C)aprofessor
D)thecollege
3. __________ are eligibleforMarshallscholarships.
A)OnlyBritish students
B)Only US students
C) OnlyCanadianStudents
D)Allstudents
4.ThepassagetellsusthatOxfordmakes aneffort to__________.
A) get thebeststudentsto studyatOxford
B)provideitsstudents with financialsupport
C) electthe bestcandidatesasitsfellows
D)ensurethateverystudenthas a tutor
5.Itcan beinferredthat __________.
A) OxfordhassomeofthebestteachersinBritain
B) someteachersatOxfordarenotgoodenough
C) OxfordandStanfordwillbe joined
D)Oxfordisthebestuniversity intheworld
译文:
牛津大学
牛津大学是英国最古老的大学,也是世界最著名的高等学府。
牛津大学始建于12世纪。
它位于英格兰的牛津,在伦敦西北约80公里处。
牛津大学有16,300多名学生(1999-2000),其中留学生占将近四分之一。
他们来自130多个国家。
牛津大学有35个学院,还有5个由不同宗教团体建立的私人学院。
5个私人学院中,有3个只招男生。
学院中,圣希尔达和萨默维尔学院只收女生,其他均为男女兼收。
牛津的每个学院都是独立于大学的实体,由该学院的院长和管委会成员负责管理。
部分管委会成员都称为导师的学院教师,其余的是大学教授和讲师。
每个学院管理自己的房产和资产,遴选自己的管委会,选择和招收自己的本科生。
大学提供某些图书馆、实验室和其他设施,但教学和学生生活主要由各学院负责。
牛津大学给每个学生指定一个导师,他主要通过辅导课监督学生的学习。
导师每周和1到2名学生见面一次,学生如需专业指导,还可以去约见其他的导师,也可选听大学老师讲授的课程。
学生选听什么课程是根据自己的兴趣和导师的建议而定的。
学位由大学授予,而不是各个学院。
最低文科或理科学位是优等文学学士。
牛津还在其他众多学科领域授予最高的学位,颁发文凭和证书。
罗兹德奖学金面向美国、加拿大和很多其他国家的学生,为他们提供至少两年的牛津学习费用。
英国政府为在牛津和其他英国境内的大学里求学的美国公民提供"马歇尔奖学金"。
然而,奖学金和助学金的竞争极其激烈,而且通常要求很严。
学生们在申请某一项奖学金之前应仔细核查是否有资格,因为多数奖学金对学生国籍和(或)课程都有限制。
牛津师生员工积极参与主动招生的活动,2001年这种活动有55项以上,包括走访3,700所中学,以鼓励优秀学生报考牛津大学,而不管其背景如何。
在2001年度的"创新"竞赛中,牛津大学被授予英国最具创新精神的大学称号。
该竞赛旨在发现哪一所英国大学在最广的领域内取得了创新和进取的最大成就。
在2000年全英教学质量评估中,牛津在所评估的10个科目中有6科得分高居榜首。
牛津、斯坦福和耶鲁三所大学最近合作开发了 "远程学习"项目"终生学习联盟",该项目将提供文科和理科的在线课程。
牛津的使命是在教学和研究的各个领域达到并保持领先地位,保持和加强其世界名校的历史地位,通过其研究成果和毕业生的技能促进地区、全国和全球的发展。
为了实现这个目标,学校将针对知识环境和整个社会发展的需要,为员工提供进行创新研究所需的设施和支持;提倡既富革新精神又严格认真的教学,使教学与研究环境卓有成效地互动从而推动教学;通过导师指导和小组学习加速思想的交流,通过开发学校图书馆、博物馆以及科学收藏方面
参考答案:
(一)
1、About4 000internationalstudentsarestudyingatOxford.
2、Atutorsupervisesthestudents’courseofstudyand meetswiththemeveryweek.
3、Notnecessarily.Becausemost ofthescholarshipsarerestrictedtocertainnationalitiesand/ or courses.
4、Theyvisitedthoseschoolsin orderto encouragethebrightestand best studentsto applytoOxford.
5、Open.
(二)1.B,2.D, 3.B,4.A, 5.A
ØYourDream Job:
AClick Away
Lessthanamonthfromgraduationday,TheresaSmith ofNorthwesternUniversityinEvanston,Illinois,hadyettofindtheright job.Thecareerplacement centerreferredtheliberal-artsmajorto JOB-TRAK,anInternetsitelisting45,000 entry-levelpositions.
Smithselectedfourkeywords:
Chicago,business, marketingandfull-time. Immediately she found45 jobsmeetinghercriteria,includingone asanassistantto anadministrator attheUniversity ofChicago’s businessschool. Fourweekslatershewas hiredat astartingsalaryof$32,000.
“Ihad notraining,”saysSmith,“buttheInternetwasextremely easy touse.I’dneverhave knownaboutthisjobwithout it.”
SmithisoneAmerican whoclickedherwayintoajob.StevenToolsis another.
In1996,theRockville,Md.,residentcameacross anemploymentsite named CareerBuilder. He hadjustbeenpromoted todirectorofmarketingfora companythat produces tradeshowexhibits and wasn’t lookingforajob.Butcurious, he decidedto“give itatry.”
Toolsfilledouta profilewiththekeywordsmarketingmanagerandenteredhiselectronic-mail address.Withinaweek his computer’smailboxwasfilling upwithavailable positions.Twointerviews laterhe jumpedtoa newjob.“TheInternetislike hiring apersonal assistant,”saysTools.“Effortlesslyyoucanbecomeaware ofopportunitiesthatmayelevateyourcareer.”
Evenacouple ofyears ago,most job listings onthe Internetwere inhigh-tech fields.Today,non-technicaljobs—salesclerks, bank tellers,secretaries,forexample —arethe fastest growingsegmentofInternetemploymentopportunities.Mostmajornewspapersandtradepublications haveonlineversionsoftheir classifiedlistings,enablingjob-seekersto scanforwork available acrosstown,inanotherstate,oraroundtheworld.
MadelineGraggandNedzad Dozlicarestillanother twowho clickedtheirluckonline.
In1996,Madeline Gragg,a28-year-oldhighschool teacherfromSt. Louis, wantedachange. WhenafriendmentionedteachingEnglishinJapan,Gragg wasintrigued.
She visitedthe popularYahoo!
websiteandtypedteachingEnglish inJapanfora listofemployment opportunities. She thenfollowedtheprocedure for theonlineapplication.A weeklatershereceiveda call andsetup an interviewwitharecruiterinChicagoandgotthe job.
NedzadDozlic, 27 years old,wasscanning the HoustonChronicle’sWeb siteforthelatestbaseballtrades.While online,hedecidedtoc
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