四级词汇讲义.docx

四级词汇讲义.docx

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四级词汇讲义

免费四级词汇第1课

▌-gen-

gender

【近】sex

gene

genetic

geneticinformation

genetics

generate

generateheat/electricity

generation

theyounger/oldergeneration

general

【近】overall

ageneralintroductiontocomputing

waystoimproveyourgeneralhealth

generalcookingandcleaning

booksofgeneralinterest

ageneralhospital

generous

generouswithone'smoney

generalize

genuine

【近】authentic

IsthepaintingagenuinePicasso?

averygenuineperson

genius

hydrogen

nitrogen

gentle

Begentlewiththebaby.

agentlebreeze

gentleman

▌-egn-

pregnant

aheavilypregnantwoman

pregnancy

apregnancytest

▌-ev-

longevity（formal）

Wewishyoubothhealthandlongevity.

Heprideshimselfonthelongevityofthecompany.

medieval/mediaeval

medievalarchitecture/castles/manuscripts

theliteratureofthelatemedievalperiod

▌young,-juven-

young

youngster

Thecampisforyoungstersaged8to14.

youth

anationinitsyouth

youthful

youthfulenthusiasm/energy/inexperience

junior

junioremployees

Sheisjuniortome.

theworldjuniortennischampionships

officejuniors

Shehascoachedmanyofourleadingjuniors.

【freshman】

【sophomore】

【junior】

【senior】

▌-sen-

senior

Heisalsoadiplomat,butseniortome.

Jenwillbeaseniorthisyear.

Seniorscangeta10%discount.

senate

senator

新浪微博@王泓锦老师

免费四级词汇第2课

▌-astr-,-astro-

star

fixedstar

【sun】

【planet】

astronomy

astronomer

astrology

astrologer

astrological

astronaut

disaster

disastrous*

【SYN】catastrophic

adisastrousharvest/fire/result

catastrophe*

【SYN】disaster

We'vehadafewcatastropheswiththefoodfortheparty.

【SYN】disastrous

catastrophic*

catastrophicfailure

Why wasthe explosion not catastrophic?

▌-agr-

agriculture

agricultural

acre

▌-electr-

electricity

electric

anelectricgenerator

anelectricplug

anelectricsocket

anelectricblanket

electrical

electricalequipment

electricalpower

electricalenergy

electricalengineer

electricalengineering

electrician

electron

electronic

免费四级词汇第3课

▌-port-

port

portable*

aportableTV

portablecomputer

porter

portage

airport

passport

report

reporter

sport

sportscenter

support

supportive*

asupportivefamily

supporter*

astrong/loyal/staunchsupporter

I'manArsenalsupporter.

export

exportation

import

importation

transport*

air/freight/roadtransport

thegovernment'stransportpolicy  

Hisbikeishisonlymeansoftransport.

transportation

▌-bio-

biology

biologist

biological

abiologicalexperiment

biochemistry

biochemical

biochemicalweapons

biography

biographer

autobiography

antibiotic

免费四级词汇第4课

▌-fer-

differ

differfrom

different

bedifferentfrom

difference

conference*

aconferenceroom/center/hall

Hewasinconferencewithhislawyersallday.

offer

specialoffers

prefer*

Alocalfirmistobepreferred.

Iprefermycoffeeblack.

preference*

It'samatterofpersonalpreference.

give（a）preferencetosb/sth

inpreferencetosb/sth

preferable*

Anythingwaspreferabletothetenseatmosphereathome.

infer*

【SYN】deduce

Muchofthemeaningmustbeinferredfromthecontext.

Areyouinferring（that）I'mnotcapableofdoingthejob?

inference

refer*

refertosb/sth（assth）

refertosb/sth

【SYN】consult

reference*

ThebookisfullofreferencestogrowingupinIndia.

Iwrotedownthenameofthehotelforfuturereference.

Wewilltakeupreferencesaftertheinterview.

referee

suffer*

Ihatetoseeanimalssuffering.

Hesufferedamassiveheartattack.

Hisschoolworkissufferingbecauseoffamilyproblems.

suffering*

Deathfinallybroughtanendtohersuffering.

transfer*

ThefilmstudioistransferringtoHollywood. 

Hetransferredthepropertytohisson.

▌-emper-

empire

theRomanEmpire

emperor

empress

imperial

imperialpower

imperialism

imperialist

imperialistic

免费四级词汇第5课

▌-pos-

pose*

toposeathreat/challenge/danger/risk

Thegangenteredthebuildingposingasworkmen.

position

compose*

【SYN】makeup

Tenmencomposethecommittee.

Mozartcomposedhislastoperashortlybeforehedied.

Emmafrowned,makinganefforttocomposeherself.

composition*

thecompositionoftheboardofdirectors

oneofBeethoven'sfinestcompositions

component*

thecomponentsofamachine

Keycomponentsofthegovernment'splanare... 

composure*

tokeep/lose/recover/regainyourcomposure

deposit*

We'veputdowna5%depositonthehouse.

topayadeposit  

Depositscanbemadeatanybranch.

【OPP】withdrawal

deposition

expose

exposure

exposition*

aclearanddetailedexpositionoftheirlegalposition

oppose*

Hethrewallthosethatopposedhimintoprison.

opposite*

Answersaregivenontheoppositepage.

Hesatdowninthechairopposite. 

studentsatoppositeendsoftheabilityrange

opposition

propose*

Whatwouldyoupropose?

Whatdoyouproposetodonow?

Sheproposedtome!

proposal

purpose

suppose*

Priceswillgoup,Isuppose.

（formal）Supposehimdead—whatthen?

besupposedtodo/besth

postpone*

【SYN】putoff

Thegamehasalreadybeenpostponedthreetimes.

postponement

免费四级词汇第6课

▌-sent-

present*

inthepresentsituation

Therewere200peoplepresentatthemeeting.

【OPP】absent

presence* 

Hehardlyseemedtonoticemypresence.

【OPP】absence

presentation*

Thepresentationofprizesbeganafterthespeeches.

giveapresentationonthenewproducts

represent*

ThePresidentwasrepresentedattheceremonybytheVice-President.

Eachcolouronthechartrepresentsadifferentdepartment.

representative*

arepresentativeoftheUN

HewastheQueen'srepresentativeattheceremony.

absent*

tobeabsentfromwork

【OPP】present

absence

absentee

▌-press-

press*

thelocal/national/foreignpress

astorythatishotoffthepress

OxfordUniversityPress

pressure

express*

toexpressfears/doubts/reservations

Coconutmilkisexpressedfromgratedcoconuts.

anexpressbus/coach/train

expression*

anexpressionofsupport

【SYN】look

Therewasaworriedexpressiononherface.

expressive

impress*

Hissincerityimpressedher.

Heimpressedonustheneedforimmediateaction.

Herwordsimpressedthemselvesonmymemory.

impression*

ageneral/anoverallimpression

abigimpression

impressive*

animpressiveperformance

【OPP】unimpressive

impressionism

impressionist

免费四级词汇第7课

▌-price-

price*

Thepriceofcigarettesissettoriseagain.

Criticismispartofthepriceofleadership.

at'anyprice

priceless

appreciate*

Herfamilydoesn'tappreciateher.

【SYN】realize

appreciation

appreciative

precious*

apreciousvase

You'rewastingprecioustime!

【SYN】treasured

prize*

ShewasawardedtheNobelPeaceprize.

Worldpeaceisthegreatestprizeofall.

【SYN】treasure

praise*

Shewrotepoemsinpraiseoffreedom.

【SYN】compliment

praisesb/sthtothe'skies

▌-lect-

collect

collection

collective*

collectiveleadership/decision-making/responsibility

anindependentcollectivemakingfilmsfortelevision

collector

elect*

thenewlyelectedgovernment

thepresidentelect

election

elective

select*

Hehasn'tbeenselectedfortheteam.

selection

selective*

selectivestrikeaction

aselectiveschool（=onethatchooseswhichchildrentoadmit,especiallyaccordingtoability）

elegant*

【SYN】stylish

hewastallandelegant.

anelegantdress

elegance

免费四级词汇第8课

▌-bend-

bend*

Hebentandkissedher.

bendsb's'ear（aboutsth）

bendyour'mind/'effortstosth

bent*

apieceofbentwire

asmallbentoldwoman

bentonsth/ondoingsth

bow*

ThepeopleallboweddownbeforetheEmperor.

Thepinesbowedinthewind.

bowdowntosb/sth

elbow

rainbow

▌-close-

close*

【SYN】shut

【OPP】open

Whattimedoesthebankclose?

closely*

Politicalactivityiscloselycontrolled.

Ihavebeencloselyinvolvedintheworkofbothcommittees.

WeweresocloselypackedintheelevatorIcouldhardlymove.

include

inclusive

inclusion

exclude*

Busesruneveryhour,Sundaysexcluded.

【OPP】include

Shefeltexcludedbytheothergirls.

exclusive*

Thehotelhasexclusiveaccesstothebeach.

Hebelongstoanexclusiveclub.

anexclusivehotel

exclusion

conclude*

Whatdoyouconcludefromthat?

Letmemakejustafewconcludingremarks.

TheyconcludedatreatywithTurkey.

conclusive

conclusion

▌-cent-

cent*

inthe20thcent.

century

percent

percentage

centigrade

centimeter

免费四级词汇第9课

▌-fore-

before

fore*

intheforepartoftheship

former*

informertimes

Theformeroptionwouldbemuchmoresensible.

beashadow/ghostofyourformer'self

formerly

first

firstly

forehead

forecast

foresee*

【SYN】predict

Wedonotforeseeanyproblems.

forward/forwards*

Hetooktwostepsforward.

【OPP】back,backward（s）

lookforwardtosth

straightforward*

【SYN】easy

astraightforwardprocess

▌-proach-

approach*

Winterisapproaching.

Sheapproachedthebankforaloan.

approachable

approximate*

anapproximatefigure

approximation

approximately*

Thecostgivenisonlyapproximate.

【OPP】exact 

thegovernment'sambitiousplansforsocialreform

▌-amb-

ambulance

ambition

ambitious*

Theywereveryambitiousfortheirchildren（=theywantedthemtobesuccessful）.

thegovernment'sambitiousplansforsocialreform

【OPP】unambitious

免费四级词汇第10课

▌-ambi-

ambiguous*

anambiguousword/term/statement

Hisrolehasalwaysbeenambiguous.

【OPP】unambiguous

ambiguity

ambassador

embassy

▌-able-

able*

calculable

fashionable

ability

unable

inability

disable*

Hewasdisabledinacaraccident.

Theburglarsgainedentrytothebuildingafterdisa