学年高中英语综合检测牛津译林版必修2.docx
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学年高中英语综合检测牛津译林版必修2.docx
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学年高中英语综合检测牛津译林版必修2
综合检测
(时间:
100分钟,满分:
120分)
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Passengerpigeons(旅鸽)werethemostcommonbirdsinallofNorthAmericainthe1800s.Itwascommontoseelargegroupsofpassengerpigeons—groupsthatmadeasoundlikeastorm.Buttoday,theyareextinctbecauseofhumanbehavior.Now,somescientistswanttobringpassengerpigeonsbacktolifebyusingnewtechnologyandscientificideas.Theycallthisprocessde-extinction.
De-extinctionhasnothappenedyet.Itisstilljustanidea.Theprocessofde-extinctionisnoteasy.First,scientistsmustcollectDNAfromthebodiesofextinctanimals.Thentheywillputitintheeggsofsimilaranimalspecies.Whentheseanimalsbecomeadults,theywillhavebabies.AndthesebabyanimalswillhavetheDNAoftheextinctanimals.
Scientistsbelieveitispossibletobringbackpassengerpigeonsandmanyotheranimals.However,noteveryonethinksthisisagoodidea.
StuartPrimmistheworld’sleadingexpertonmodernanimalextinction.Hebelievesthatbringingextinctanimalsbacktolifeisbadfortheearth.Ononehand,theseanimalsnolongerhaveasafeplacetolive.Ontheotherhand,theycouldcauseotheranimalstodie.
ManyotherscientistsdonotagreewithStuartPrimm.StuartBrand,awriterandscientist,isoneofthem.Hebelievesde-extinctionisgoodformanyreasons.
“Thecurrentgeneration(当代)ofchildrenwillexperiencethereturnofsomeunusualanimalsintheirlifetime.Itmaybepartofwhatdefinestheirgenerationandtheirattitudetothenaturalworld.Theywilltaketheirparentstozoostoseethegrowingpopulationsofpassengerpigeons,andmaybeevendodobirds.Thiswillprovideagooddealofmoneyforzoosbusywithextinctspeciesrestoration(恢复).Humanskilledoffalotofspeciesoverthelast10,000years.So,it’srighttobringsomebacktolife,”hesaid.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。
文章主要讨论了灭绝物种复活这一新科技。
1.Inthe19thcentury,passengerpigeons________.
A.werecommonsightings
B.sufferedalotfromstorms
C.livedmainlyinNorthAmerica
D.werethelargestinAmericanhistory
A 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第一段中的Passengerpigeons(旅鸽)werethemostcommonbirdsinallofNorthAmericainthe1800s.Itwascommontoseelargegroupsofpassengerpigeons—groupsthatmadeasoundlikeastorm.可知,19世纪时的旅鸽数目众多。
2.Whatdoweknowaboutde-extinction?
A.ItwillchangetheDNAoftheextinctanimals.
B.Itwasfirstusedinpassengerpigeons.
C.Itisdifficulttocarryout.
D.Itprovedtobeuseful.
C 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第二段中的Theprocessofde-extinctionisnoteasy.以及接下来具体介绍灭绝物种复活的复杂过程可知,复活灭绝物种绝非易事。
3.WhyisStuartPrimmagainstbringingbackextinctanimals?
A.Theywilldieverysoon.
B.Theywillcreateotherproblems.
C.Theywilldogreatharmtohumans.
D.Theywillreplacethesimilarspecies.
B 解析:
推理判断题。
根据第四段中的Hebelievesthatbringingextinctanimalsbacktolifeisbadfortheearth...theseanimalsnolongerhaveasafeplacetolive.和theycouldcauseotheranimalstodie可知,StuartPrimm反对灭绝物种复活是因为他认为这些复活的动物会造成一些其他的问题。
4.HowdoesStuartBrandfeelaboutde-extinction?
A.Wrong.B.Difficult.
C.Important.D.Wasteful.
C 解析:
推理判断题。
根据倒数第二段中的Hebelievesde-extinctionisgoodformanyreasons.以及StuartBrand在最后一段具体陈述灭绝物种复活的好处可知,他认为复活灭绝物种很重要。
B
Beingblindishard.ButthingswereevenharderforthosedisabledkidswhowereborninasmallvillageinIndia,wheremostpeoplethoughtthatkidswithdisabilitieswereuseless.SrikanthBollawasoneofthem.Luckily,Srikanth’sparentslovedtheirsonandrefusedtogiveintosocialpressure.Theyencouragedtheblindboytoreachforthestars.
Srikanthdidn’tdisappointhisparents.The24-year-oldyoungmanisthefounderandCEOofBollantIndustries,asuccessfulcompanythatmakesenvironmentallyfriendlypackaging.
Ofcourse,gettingherewasn’teasy.Asayoungboy,Srikanthwenttoaregularschool.Butthestudentsandteacherstheredidn’taccepthisdisability.Asaresult,theyoungboyoftenwaslargelyignored.
WorriedaboutSrikanth’sstudy,hisparentsfinallysenthimtoaspecialneedsschool.Theyoungboysoonrosetothetopofhisclass,buthewasnotallowedtostudysciences,becauseitwasbelievedtoodangerousforablindstudent.Thiswasabigsetbacksinceitmeantthathecouldn’ttaketheentranceexamsforanyofIndia’stopengineeringcollegestorealizehisdream.
Notonetogiveup,SrikanthmanagedtostudyintheUniversityofCambridgeintheUK.Aftergraduatingwithadegreeincomputerscienceandbusinessmanagement,SrikanthdecidedtoreturntoIndiaanddevotedhimselftohelpingthecountry’sdisabledpeople.
In2012,hebuiltBollantIndustries.Injustfouryears,BollantIndustrieshasbecomeasuccesswithover450workers,70%ofwhomarephysicallydisabled.
Srikanthattributes(把……归于)hissuccesstohisparents.Thoughbeingpooranduneducated,theyencouragedSrikanthtorealizehisdreamsandtaughthimthattruehappinesscomesfromhelpingothers.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。
一出生就双目失明的SrikanthBolla在父母精心的抚养和支持下,直面挑战,创建了自己的公司,为家乡的残疾人提供了就业机会。
5.Whydothedisabledkidsinthesmallvillageleadadifficultlife?
A.Theyareoftenlookeddownupon.
B.Theycandonothingforsociety.
C.Theirparentsaretoopoortosupportthem.
D.Theyhavenochancetorealizetheirdreams.
A 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第一段中的...wheremostpeoplethoughtthatkidswithdisabilitieswereuseless可知,在Srikanth出生的村庄,残疾的孩子往往被人看不起。
6.WhathappenedtoSrikanthinaregularschool?
A.Hewasthetopofhisclass.
B.Hemadenofriendsandfeltlonely.
C.Hewasn’tallowedtolearnscience.
D.Hewasencouragedtostarthisownbusiness.
B 解析:
推理判断题。
根据第三段中的Butthestudentsandteacherstheredidn’taccepthisdisability.Asaresult,theyoungboyoftenwaslargelyignored.可知,在普通学校,老师和同学们不接受Srikanth,他经常被大家忽视,由此可以推知,Srikanth在那里交不到朋友,感到很孤单。
7.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“setback”inParagraph4?
A.Support. B.Difficulty.
C.Fault.D.Chance.
B 解析:
词义猜测题。
根据画线单词后面的sinceitmeantthathecouldn’ttaketheentranceexamsforanyofIndia’stopengineeringcollegestorealizehisdream可知,在印度,失明的孩子是禁止学理科的,这将成为SrikanthBolla实现自己工程师梦想的阻碍。
由此可知,difficulty最接近setback的含义,故答案选B。
8.HowdoesSrikanthhelpthedisabledpeopleinIndia?
A.Hebuildsschoolsforthem.
B.Hesupportsthemtostudyaboard.
C.Heletsthemmanagehiscompany.
D.Heprovidesjobopportunitiesforthem.
D 解析:
细节理解题。
根据倒数第二段中的...BollantIndustrieshasbecomeasuccesswithover450workers,70%ofwhomarephysicallydisabled可知,Srikanth建立了自己的公司,通过为残疾人提供就业机会的方式来帮助他们。
C
Archerfish(射水鱼),aspeciesfamousforspitting(吐)watertoshootinsectsoutoftheair,canrecognizeonehumanfacefromanother.
Inthelaboratory,insteadofshootinginsects,thefishweretaughttospitatpicturesofhumanfacesshowedonacomputerscreenoutsidetheiraquarium.Thefishwerefirstintroducedtotwofaces,andtaughttospitatoneoftheminexchangeforafoodreward.Theresearchersthentestedwhetherthefishwouldrecognizeandspitatthefacetheyhadlearnedfromamong44newones.Andtheywererightmorethan80%ofthetime.
Totheresearchers’surprise,evenwhentheydidthatwithfacesthatwereinblackandwhite,thefishwerestillabletofindthefacetheyweretrainedtorecognize.
Tellingonehumanfacefromanotherisasurprisinglydifficulttask.Asweallhavetwoeyesaboveanoseandamouth,doingsodependsonrecognizingsomeextremelysmalldifferences.
“Ithasbeensupposedthatthistaskissodifficultthatitcanonlybecompletedbyhigheranimals,whichhavealargeandcomplex(复杂的)brain,”saidNewport,whosestudywaspublishedinthejournalScientificReports.“Butthearcherfishwereabletodothiswithouthavinganeocortex,themostrecentlydevelopedpartofthebrain.Inhumans,theneocortexgovernsoursenseandlanguage.”
“Fishhaveasimplerbrainthanhumansandtheydon’thavethesectionofthebrainthathumansuseforrecognizingfaces,”Newportsaid.“Eventhough,manyfishshowamazingvisual(视力的)behaviorsandthereforemaketheperfectsubjectstotestwhethersimplebrainscancompletecomplextasks.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。
一项实验结果表明:
射水鱼不仅捕获猎物的方式很特别,而且还能识别人类的面孔。
9.Whatwerethearcherfishaskedtodointhelaboratory?
A.Pickoutthefacetheyknew.
B.Shootthecomputersfromafardistance.
C.Countthenumberoffacesonthescreen.
D.Pickoutblackandwhitepicturesfromcolorfulones.
A 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第二段的第一句话可知,研究人员训练射水鱼从众多人脸中识别已经给它们看过的人脸,故答案选A。
10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthearcherfish?
A.Theyhaveacomplexbrain.
B.Theirneocortexisverylarge.
C.Theybelongtohigheranimals.
D.Theyhaveexcellenteyesight.
D 解析:
推理判断题。
结合第四段中的...doingsodependsonrecognizingsomeextremelysmalldifferences和最后一段中Newport说的话可知,识别人脸需要发现一些很细微的差别;鱼类虽然没有复杂的大脑,但是很多鱼类的视力都很好,这为研究人员提供了很好的研究课题。
由此可以推知,射水鱼拥有极好的视力。
11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?
A.Toencouragepeopletoprotectfish.
B.Tointroduceakindoffishwithspecialability.
C.Tointroducetheresultofastudyonarcherfish.
D.Toshowthatanimalswithsimplerbrainsaresmarter.
C 解析:
主旨大意题。
通读文章可知,作者介绍了一项实验结果:
射水鱼能识别人类的脸。
D
ThegreatsuccessofFindingDoryisbeingmetwithmixedfeelingsbyexperts.That’sbecausethoughthemoviecandrawattentiontoourweakcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)thatneedprotection,itmayleadtofurtherdamagetolifeatsea.
AfterthemovieFindingNemocameoutin2003,theclownfish(小丑鱼)becamepopularwitheverykidinAmerica.Asaresult,thenumberofclownfishinthewildgreatlydropped.Bluetangs(蓝吊鱼)alsobecamepopularpetsbecauseofthemovie.Sadly,mostbluetangsarecaughtwiththehelpofcyanide(氰化物).
Cyanideworksonthefish,allowingthemtobeeasilycaughtandsoldtopetstores.Cyanideisharmfultohumans.Italsoharmscoralandotherlifeatsea.Eventh
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