2 Neoclassical period.docx
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2 Neoclassical period.docx
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2Neoclassicalperiod
ChapterIITheNeoclassicalPeriod
一.新古典主义时期概述
1.识记:
(1)新古典主义时期的界定
(2)政治经济背景
(3)启蒙运动的意义与影响
2.领会:
(1)启蒙运动的主张与文学的特点
(2)新古典主义时期文学的艺术特点
3.应用:
启蒙运动,新古典主义,英雄双行诗,英国现实主义小说等名词的解释
1.识记Definitionsofliteraryterms
1)TheEnlightenmentMovement
The18th-centuryEnglandisknownastheAgeofEnlightenmentortheAgeofReason.TheEnlightenmentMovementwasaprogressiveintellectualmovementwhichflourishedinFrance&sweptthroughthewholeWesternEuropeatthetime.ThemovementwasafurtheranceoftheRenaissanceofthe15th&16thcenturies.Itspurposewastoenlightenthewholeworldwiththelightofmodemphilosophical&artisticideas.Theenlightenerscelebratedreasonorrationality,equality&science.Theycalledforareferencetoorder,reason&rules&advocateduniversaleducation.FamousamongthegreatenlightenersinEnglandwerethosegreatwriterslikeJohnDryden,Alexanderpope&soon.
2)Neoclassicism
Inthefieldofliterature,theEnlightenmentMovementbroughtaboutarevivalofinterestintheoldclassicalworks.Thistendencyisknownasneoclassicism.Accordingtotheneoclassicists,allformsofliteratureweretobemodeledaftertheclassicalworksoftheancientGreek&Romanwriters(Homer,Virgil,&soon)&thoseofthecontemporaryFrenchones.Theybelievedthattheartisticidealsshouldbeorder,logic,restrainedemotion&accuracy,&thatliteratureshouldbejudgedintermsofitsservicetohumanity.Thisbeliefledthemtoseekproportion,unity,harmony&graceinliteraryexpressions,inanefforttodelight,instruct&correcthumanbeings,primarilyassocialanimals.Thus,apolite,urbane,witty,&intellectualartdeveloped.
3)Theheroiccouplet
ItmeansapairoflinesofatypeoncecommoninEnglishpoetry,whichrhyme&arewrittenwithfivebeatseach..
4)theRealisticNovel
Themid-centurywas,however,predominatedbyanewlyrisingliteraryform,themodernEnglishnovel,which,contrarytothetraditionalromanceofaristocrats,givesarealisticpresentationoflifeofthecommonEnglishpeople.This-themostsignificantphenomenoninthehistoryofthedevelopmentofEnglishliteratureintheeighteenthcentury-isanaturalproductoftheIndustrialRevolution&asymbolofthegrowingimportance&strengthoftheEnglishofthegrowingimportance&strengthoftheEnglishmiddleclass,AmongthepioneerswereDanielDefoe,SamuelRichardson,HenryFielding,LaurenceSterne,TobiasCreorgeSmollott,&OliverGoldsmith.
2.领会CharacteristicsofNeoclassicalLiterature
Accordingtotheneoclassicists,allformsofliteratureweretobemodeledaftertheclassicalworksoftheancientGreek&Romanwriters(Homer,Virgil,Horace,Ovid,etc,)&thoseofthecontemporaryFrenchones.Neoclassicistshadsomefixedlaws&rulesforalmosteverygenreofliterature,proseshouldbeprecise,direct,smooth&flexible.Poetryshouldbelyrical,epical,didactic,satiricordramatic,&eachclassshouldbeguidedbyitsownprinciples.DramashouldbewrittenintheHeroicCouplets(iambicpentameterrhymedintwolines);thethreeunitiesoftime,space&actionshouldbestrictlyobserved;regularityinconstructionshouldbeadheredto&typecharactersratherthanindividualsshouldberepresented.
二.该时期的重要作家
1,一般识记:
重要作家的创作生涯
2,识记:
重要作品及主要内容
3,领会:
重要作家的创作思想,艺术特色其代表作的主题结构,人物刻画,语言风格,艺术特色,社会意义等。
4,应用:
(1)《天路历程》中"名利场"的寓义。
(2)蒲伯的文学(诗歌)批评观及其诗歌特色。
(3)〈〈格列佛游记〉〉的社会讽刺。
(4)菲尔丁的"散文体史诗"。
(5)格雷诗歌的主题与意象。
I.JohnBunyan
1.一般识记Hislife
Englishauthor&preacher,borninElstow,England,probablyNov.28,1628,anddiedinLondon,England,Aug,31,1688.
2.识记Hismajorworks
JohnBunyan'sThePilgrim'sProgress(1678)istheoutstanding17th-centuryEnglishreligiousliterature.Formorethan200yearsthisbookwassecondinpopularityonlytotheBible.Bunyandidnotattempttoportraythepoliticalconfusion&socialupheavalof17th-centuryEngland.Hisconcernwasratherthestudyofman'sspirituallife.
Bunyanchieflywrotefourproseworks-GraceAboundingtotheChiefofSinners(1666),TheLife&DeathofMr.Badman(1680),TheHolyWar(1682)&ThePilgrim'sProgress,partII(1684).
3.领会Characteristicsofhisworks
Bunyan'sstylewasmodeledafterthatoftheEnglishBible.Withhisconcrete&livinglanguage&carefullyobserved&vividlypresenteddetails,hemadeitpossibleforthereaderoftheleasteducationtosharethepleasureofreadinghisnovel&torelivetheexperienceofhischaracters.
4.应用SelectedReading
"TheVanityFair",anexcerptfromPartIofThePilgrim'sProgress.
(1)Theme:
ThePilgrim'sProgressisthemostsuccessfulreligiousallegoryintheEnglishlanguage.ItspurposeistourgepeopletocomplywithChris
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