天津宝坻区高考英语阅读类和短文改错练习3及答案.docx
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天津宝坻区高考英语阅读类和短文改错练习3及答案.docx
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天津宝坻区高考英语阅读类和短文改错练习3及答案
阅读理解。
阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
Shoulddoctorseverlietobenefittheirpatient—tospeedrecoveryortocoverthecomingofdeath?
Inmedicineasinlaw,government,andotherlinesofwork,therequirementsofhonestyoftenseemdwarfed(变矮小)bygreaterneeds:
theneedtoprotectformbrutalnewsortoupholdapromiseofsecrecy;toadvancethepublicinterest.
Whatshoulddoctorssay,forexample,toa46yearoldmancominginforaroutinephysicalcheckupjustbeforegoingonvacationwithhisfamilywho,thoughhefeelsinperfecthealth,isfoundtohaveaformofcancerthatwillcausehimtodiewithinsixmonths?
Isitbesttotellhimthetruth?
Ifheasks,shouldthedoctorsrejectthatheisill,orminimizethegravityoftheillness?
Shouldtheyatleasthidethetruthuntilafterthefamilyvacation?
Doctorsfacesuchchoicesoften.Attimes,theyseeimportantreasonstolieforthepatient'sownsake;intheireyes,suchliessharplyformselfservingones.Studiesshowthatmostdoctorssincerelybelievethattheseriouslyillpatientsdonotwanttoknowthetruthabouttheircondition,andthatinformingthemrisksdestroyingtheirhope,sothattheymayrecovermoreslowly,ordeteriorate(恶化)faster,perhapsevencommitsuicide(自杀).
Butotherstudiesshowthat,contrarytothebeliefofmanyphysicians;agreatmajorityofpatientsdowanttobetoldthetruth,evenaboutseriousillness,andfeelcheatedwhentheylearnthattheyhavebeenmisled.Wearealsolearningthattruthfulinformation,humanelyconveyed(传达),helpspatientscopewithillness:
helpthemtoleratepainbetter,needlessmedicine,andevenrecoverfasteraftersurgery.
Thereisurgentneedtodebatethisissueopenly.Notonlyinmedicine,butinotherprofessionaswell,practitionersmayfindthemselvesrepeatedlyindifficultywhereseriousconsequences(后果)seemavoidableonlythroughdeception(欺骗).Yetthepublichaseveryreasontoknowprofessionaldeception,forsuchpracticesarepeculiarlylikelytobecomedeeplyrooted,tospread,andtotrust.Neitherinmedicine,norinlaw,government,orthesocialsciencescantherebecomfortintheoldsaying,“Whatyoudon'tknowcan'thurtyou.”
1.Accordingtotheauthor'sopinion,lies________.
A.canbenefitthepatients
B.canhelpthepatientstorecovery
C.candonothingtothepatients'illness
D.cannotbenefitthepatients
答案:
A 细节理解题。
从文章倒数第二段最后几句可得知答案。
2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?
A.Mostofthedoctorsbelievethattheseriouslyillpatientsdonotwanttoknowthetruthabouttheircondition.
B.Thetruthfulinformationhelpspatientstodealwiththeirillness.
C.Thereisaneedtodiscusswhethertolietothepatients.
D.Itistruethat“Whatyoudon'tknowcan'thurtyou.”
答案:
D 细节理解题。
文章最后,作者认为“Whatyoudon'tknowcan'thurtyou.”这一说法不对。
3.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?
A.Thereisanurgentneedtodebatethisissueopenly.
B.Neitherinmedicine,norinlaw,government,thesocialsciencescantherebecomfortintheoldsaying.“Whatyoudon'tknowcan'thurtyou.”
C.Thepublichaseveryreasontobeawareofprofessionaldeception.
D.Weneedtodiscussthisissueinmedicine,butnotinotherprofessions.
答案:
A 主旨归纳题。
第一句就是本段的主题句。
4.Whatdoestheauthormainlydiscussinthepassage?
A.Deceptionisbeneficialtopatients.
B.Whetherpatientsshouldbetoldthetruthoftheirillness.
C.Whetherpatientsreallywanttoknowthetruthoftheirillness.
D.Whobenefitsfromdeception.
答案:
B 主旨归纳题。
通读全文可知,作者针对医生对病人隐瞒病情这一做法提出质疑:
病人应不应该了解真相?
了解真相对他们有没有好处?
阅读理解。
阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
Onceuponatime,onhiswaytotheHimalayas,wasasaint(圣徒).Hecameacrossashallowriverhehadtocross.Justwhenhewasabouttowethisfeet,hesaw
ascorpion(蝎子)helplesslytryingtocomeoutoftheriver.Itwasalmosttouchingthebankbutnotenoughtogainholdoftheground.Thesaintsawscorpion’sstruggleanddecidedtosaveit.
Hepickedupthescorpioninhisrighthandwiththeintentiontoplaceitonthedrysurface.Nosoonerdidhedothatthanthescorpionstungandrushedoffthehand,landinginthewateragain.Itstruggledtocomeoutofwateragain.Thesaint’sbodywasinpainbuthismind,calm.
Seeingthatthescorpionc
ouldloseitslife,thesaintusedlefthandthistimetoliftthescorpionoutofwater.However,itpanickedandstungagain.Onceagain,itspedoffthehandandfellinwater.Hewasleftwithbothhandsfilledwithpain.Hewasnottheonetogiveupeither.
Hetriedagain.Thistime,hecuppedhishandstogetherandliftedthescorpioninoneswiftmovement.Beforeitcouldreact,hesafelydroppeditontheland.Thescorpiondisappearedintothepebblesthatlaynearthebank.Hefelthappy,forhesucceededincarryingouthisrescue,forsavinganotherlife.Itwasworththepainhethought.
Atadistance,aman,surprisedandshocked,hadwatched
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