四级辅导四六级作文论说文写作.docx
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四级辅导四六级作文论说文写作.docx
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四级辅导四六级作文论说文写作
四/六级作文辅导
(二)
论说文写作
一.构造
(一):
问题解决型(Problem-Solution)-----对某一问题进行分析,找出解决办法,表达自己看法.
惯用句型(Structure/SentencePattern)
第一段:
提出问题(what/why)
句型:
◎Nowadays,wehavetofaceaproblemthat…(问题)
◎Nowadays,moreandmorepeopleareconcernedabouttheproblem…(问题)
◎Itisimportantforusto…(问题)
第二段:
解决问题(How)
句型:
◎Peoplehavefiguredoutmanywaystosolvetheproblem.Firstly,…(解决办法一)Secondly,…(解决办法二),…
◎Confrontedwith…(问题)weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituation.Firstly,…(解决办法一)Secondly,…(解决办法二),…
第三段:
表达自己立场
句型:
◎1)Personally,Ibelievethat…(我办法)/Tome,Iamtakingtwowaystosolvetheproblemof…(问题)Oneofthemis…(我办法)Theotherwayis…(办法二)Bynowwayshavebeenworkingperfectlyandefficient1y…(成果)
◎2)Inconclusion/Inaword/Tosumup/Insummary/Obviously/It’sclearthat…/It’snodoubtthat….
思维框架(Mindmap)
1.引介----引入要讨论话题(Introduction(Statement/thesis)):
2.主体(body)
要讨论主题句(topicsentence):
所面临问题(what):
此问题是如何引起(why)?
如何解决此问题(how)?
3.结论(conclusion)--重述主题论点或总结概括各要点(Restate/summarise):
二.构造
(二):
因果关系型-----对某现象进行因果因素分析
思维框架(Mindmap)
1.引介(Introduction):
2.主体某些
主题句(topicsentence):
段落1(BodyParagraph1)
段落2(BodyParagraph2)
段落3(BodyParagraph3)
要点(topicsentence)
理由(Reason1)
要点(topicsentence)
理由(Reason2)
要点(topicsentence)
理由(Reason3)
举证(事例、数据、引言等)(SupportingFacts
举证(事例、数据、引言等)(SupportingFacts
举证(事例、数据、引言等)(SupportingFacts
3.结论(Conclusion)
三.议论文写作框架/模版
A问题—解决型
1.模板一
(第1句)Withthedevelopment/improvementof(铺垫),(写某一问题).(第2句)Itisnecessarythat(关注解决现象引出问题很必要).(第3句)Ontheonehand,(解决问题很必要理由一).(第4句)Ontheotherhand,(解决问题很必要理由二).(第5句)Therefore,howto(承上启下,提出要解决问题)isworthpayingattention.
(第6句)Firstly(解决办法一).(第7句)Secondly(解决办法2).(第8句)Forexample,(举例解释解决办法2).(第9句)Thirdly,(解决办法三).(第10句)Inotherwords,(阐明解决办法三).(第11句)
Infact,waysto(指出解决问题办法各种各样)arecountless.(第12句)It'stimethat(强调解决问题时不可待).
【本模式作文范文】年1月真题:
ReduceWasteonCampus
(第1句)Withtheimprovementoflivingstandard,wasteoncampusisincreasinglyserious.(第2句)Itisnecessarythatsomethingshouldbedonetoreducewasteoncampus.(第3句)Ontheonehand,ourwastehasalreadycausedagreatlossofpreciousresources,suchaswaterandelectricity.(第4句)Ontheotherhand,ourwasteaddsourparentsaswellasoursocietyaburden.(第5句)Therefore,howtoeliminatewasteoncampusisworthpayingattention.
(第6句)Firstly,weshouldturnoffthelightwhenweleaveourdormsorclassroomssoastosaveelectricityasmuchaspossible.(第7句)Secondly,weshouldstopwastingwaterwhenwebath,orwashclothesanddishes.(第8句)Forexample,weshoulduseabasinwhenwecleanfaces.(第9句)Thirdly,weshouldbeeconomical.(第10句)Inotherwords,whengoshopping,weshouldbuyonlywhatwereallyneed.
(第11句)Infact,thewaystoreducewasteoncampusarecountless.(第12句)It'stimethatwecultivatethehabitofthriftineverypossibleway.
2.模板二
(第1句)Therehasbeenadiscussionrecentlyabout(提浮现存问题).(第2句)Itisobviousthat(解决问题很必要理由一).(第3句)Additionally,(解决问题很必要理由二).(第4句)Soitishightime,(承上启下,阐明解决问题必要性).(第5句)Firstofall,(解决办法一).(第6句)Thereasonis(解决办法一理由).(第7句)Secondly(解决办法二).(第8句)Thatistosay,(阐明解决办法二).(第9句)Thirdly,(解决办法三).(第10句)Infact,morethanthreewayscanbeadopted,(指出解决问题办法各种各样).(第11句)Asforme,(个人立场).(第12句)Allinall,(总结全文).
【本模式作文范文】ReduceWasteonCampus
(第1句)Therehasbeenadiscussionrecentlyaboutwasteoncampus.(第2句)Itisobviousthatagreatlossofpreciousresources,suchaswaterandelectricityhavebeencausedbywaste.(第3句)Additionally,ourwasteaddsourparentsandsocietyaburden.(第4句)Soitishightimethatwetookactionstoreducethewasteoncampus.
(第5句)Firstofall,weshouldstopwastingwaterwhenwebath,orcleanfaces,orwashclothesanddishes.(第6句)Thereasonisthatthereisagreatshortageofwaterintheword.(第7句)Secondly,weshouldbeeconomical.(第8句)Thatistosay,whengoshopping,weshouldbuyonlywhatwereallyneed.(第9句)Thirdly,weshouldturnoffthelightwhenweleavedormsorclassroomssoastosaveelectricityasmuchaspossible.(第10句)Infact,morethanthreewayscanbeadopted.
(第11句)Asforme,thecultivationofgoodhabitofthriftismostimportantforallofus.(第12句)Allinall,everycollegestudentshouldjoinintheeffortstocombatthewasteoncampus.
3.模板三
(第1句)Itiscertainthat(提出问题及解决必要性).(第2句)Foronereason,(解决问题很必要理由一).(第3句)Foranother,(解决问题很必要理由二).(第4句)However,somestillpuzzleonhowto(转折到如何解决问题).
(第5句)Herecomesomesuggestions(呈上指出解决问题办法诸多).(第6句)Tobeginwith,(解决办法一).(第7句)Secondly(解决办法2).(第8句)Forinstance,(举例阐明).(第9句)Thirdly,(解决办法三).(第10句)Thatisbecause(其理由).
(第11句)Thesolutionvaryaccordingtodifferentsituations(.解决问题办法随详细状况不同而变化主线途径).(第12句)Therefore,(总结全文,要灵活地根据详细状况解决问题.).
B观点论证型
1.模板一
(第1句)Itistruethat(提出普遍存在地观点).(第2句)However,(谈不同地观点).(第3句)Ithink(自己地观点,即文章地论点).(第4句)(过度句,转折到观点地论证,由题目选取详细词)canbelistedasfollow.
(第5句)Firstofall,(论证理由一).(第6句)Secondly(论证理由二).(第7句)Forexample(举例详细阐明理由二).(第8句)Thirdly,(论证理由三).(第9句)Acaseinpointis(举例阐明理由三).(第10句)Itgoeswithoutsayingthat(提出执行该观点时应注意事项).(第11句)Thereisnodoubtthat(得出结论).
(第12句)Inconclusion(总结全文).
【本模式作文范文】ItPaystoBeHonest
Itistruethatmostofusvaluehonestyhighly.However,nowadaysweoftenconfrontconfidencecrisissuchascheating,overcharging,fakecommodities,etc.Ithinkthatweshouldbehonestbecausebeinghonestisnotonlythewholesociety.Thereasonscanbelistedasfollows.
Firstly,onlyhonestpeoplecanbetrulyrespectedbytheothersandcanmakemorefriendsoveralongperiodoftime.Secondly,honesty,whichisthetraditionalvirtueoftheChinesepeople,canmakeourlifeeasierandmoreharmonious.Forexample,consumerswillnotbeafraidofbeingoverchargedifdealersarehonest,andonthecontrarydealerscanwinmorecustomers.Thirdly,honestycanmakeoursociety.AcaseinpointisthatSingaporewhichisasocietyoftrustworthinessandintegrityhasacomparativelylowcriminalrate.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatbeinghonestyisofbenefittoboththesameandtheindividual.Thereisnodoubtthatweshouldfosterthespiritofhonesty.
Inconclusion,layingstressonhonestywillbecomethepublicmoralsinoursociety.
2.模板二
(第1句)Somepeoplebelievethat(直接提出本文观点).(第2句)Thetruthisdeepandprofound(进一步强度观点对的性).(第3句)Asweknow,(论证理由一).(第4句)Inaddition,(论证理由二).(第5句)Therearenumerousexamples(承上启下).(第6句)Acaseinpointis(举例一详细论证).(第7句)Thereisclosetosuggest(总结例一).(第8句)Foranotherexample(举例二详细论证).(第9句)Moreover,(举例三详细论证).
(第10句)Allmentionedabovetellus(总结上下,重申论点).(第11句)Butonethingwehavetonoticeisthat(指出该论点应注意什么).(第12句)Inaword,(总结).
【本模式作文范文】ItPaystoBeHonest
Somepeoplebelievethatmanydishonesties,suchascheating,overcharging,fakecommodities,etc.ruinournormallife,andtheymaintainthatbeinghonestisnotonlybeneficialtoothersbutalsotooneself.
Thetruthisdeepandprofound.Asweknow,ifoneishonest,otherpeoplewilldeeplyrespecthimorher,andarewillingtomakefriendswithhimorher.Inaddition,beinghonestcanmakepeople'slifeeasierandmoreharmonious.
Therearenumerousexamplessupportingtheargument.AcaseinpointisthatSingaporewhichisasocietyoftrustworthinessandintegrityhasacomparativelylowcriminalrate.Thisisclosetosuggestthathonestycanmakeoursocietymorestable,andallpeoplecanliveapeacefullifethere.Foranotherexample,buyersusuallyliketomakeadealwiththedealerstheytrust.Moreover,thedealer,suchasTongrentangHerbalMedicineShopwhichrunsbusinesshonestlyismorelikelysurvivethefiercemarketcompetition.
Allmentionedabovetellusthatitishightimethatwetookactiontofightagainstdishonesty.Butonethingwehavetonoticeisthatsometimesweneedwhiteliestocomfortthepatientswhohavesufferedseriousillness.
Inshort,weshouldletthedishonestyhavenoplacetostayinoursociety.
C对比选取型
1.模板一
(第1句)Differentpeoplehavedifferentviewson(开门见山直入主体,表白对某事人们不同看法).(第2句)Somepeopleperfer,(表白一某些人看法).(第3句)Otherstendto(另一某些看法).(第4句)Astome,Iagreewith/to(作者看法).
(第5句)Ofcourse,(承认自己不赞同看法有一定合理性).(第6句)Forexample,(举例阐明支持第五句).(第7句)But,(转折指出这种观点局限性).(第8句)Thefollowingreasonscanaccountformypreference(启下句过度到下段详细阐述自己所支持观点理由).
(第9句)Themainreasonis(支持观点理由一)..(第10句)Agoodexampletoillustrateis(举例阐明理由一).(第11句)Furanother,(理由二).
(第12句)Fromtheforegoing,(总结全文,从长远看).
【本模式作文范文】年6月真题:
Isatestofspokennecessary?
AtestofspokenEnglishwillbeincludedasanoptionalcomponentoftheCollegeEnglishTest(CET).(第1句)Differentpeoplehavedifferentviewsonit.(第2句)Someprefertohavesuchatest.(第3句)OtherstendtodeclineanykindoftestofspokenEnglish.(第4句)Astome,Iagreewiththefirststatement.
(第5句)Ofcourse,atestofspokenEnglishisverydifficulttohandleandthetesttimeisnotlongenoughtofullydisplayparticipants'abilitytospokeninEnglish.(第6句)Forexample,ifacandidatedrawsatopicwhichheofsheisnotfamiliarwith,it'shardtoshowhisorhercommandofspokenEnglish.(第7句)Butwithoutsuchatest,somepeoplemaynothavemotivationtopractisespokenEnglish.(第8句)Thefollowingreasonscanaccountformypreference.
(第9句)Themainreasonisthatsuchatestenhancescollegestudents'awarenessoftheimportanceofspokenEnglish.(第10句)Agoodexampletoillustrateisthatseveralyearsago,collegestudentsonlystressedreadingandwritingskills,ignoringtobuildinguplisteningandspeakingability.(第11句)Foranother,a
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