届贵阳市第二中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案.docx
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届贵阳市第二中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案.docx
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届贵阳市第二中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案
2021届贵阳市第二中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Britain'sbrilliantbridgeshaveaidedtradeandbroughtcommunitiestogetherandarealwaysthemostexcitingpartofthejourney.Thesemust-seebridgesarenowtouristattractionsintheirownright.
CliftonSuspensionBridge,Bristol
DescribedbyitslegendaryengineerIsambardKingdomBrunelas“myfirstlove,mydarling”,inwasoriginallydesignedforhorse-drawntraffic.Now,morethanfourmillionvehiclesayearcrossthe1,352ft-Jongtoll(收费)bridgeovertheAvonGorge.The£ltollforeveryjourneypaysforitsrepair.Thehistoryofthebridge,datingbackto1864,iskeptalivethroughaprogrammeoftours,eventsandexhibitions.
InfinityBridge,Stockton-On-Tees
ApedestrianandcyclefootbridgeacrosstheRiverTees,itsworkingtitlewastheNorthShoreFootbridge,beforeitwasgivenitsgrandernamewhenopenedin2009.Itisparticularlyspectacular(壮观)atnight.Thearchesofthebridgearealsolitwhiteand,oncalmnights,theirreflectioninthewaterappearsasaninfinitysymbol,therebyinspiringthenamewhichwaschosenbythepublic.
TowerBridge,London
AnengineeringwonderbuiltfromthousandsoftonsofCornishgranite,Portlandstoneandsteel,ittookconstructionworkerseightyearstocomplete.Morethan120yearsold,it'sapopulartouristattraction,aswellasafunctionalbridge.VisitorscantakeintheviewsoverthecapitalandexperienceseeingLondonlifethroughtheGlassFloor.
IronBridge,Shropshire
Openedin1781,thisisthefirstarchbridgeintheworldtobemadeoutofcastiron.Recognisedasoneofthegreatsymbolsoftheindustrialrevolution,ittransformedthecartofbridgebuildingandwasacrucialfactorinthedevelopmentoftheirontradeinShropshire.
1.Whichbridgehasthelongesthistory?
A.CliftonSuspensionBridge.B.InfinityBridge.
C.TowerBridge.D.IronBridge.
2.WhatcanweknowaboutInfinityBridge?
A.Peoplecanjustwalkonit.B.Thepublicgiveittwonames.
C.It'swellworthvisitingatnight.D.It'sarchisthebiggestontheearth.
3.WhatdoCliftonSuspensionBridgeandTowerBridgehaveincommon?
A.Theyarebothover120yearsold.B.Visitorsshouldpayforpassingthem.
C.Theyhavethesameoriginaldesign.D.VisitorscanhaveagoodviewofLondononthem.
B
Whenmyfriendsuggestedgoingtotheopshop(二手商店),instantlyIthought“IhopenooneIknowseesme”.ItwasthesamewhenmycousincommentedonmynewfurnitureandJapanese,fine-bone-chinabowlsandaskedwhereIgotthem.TheywerefromthelocalopshopbutinsteadIsaid“fromtheantiqueshop”.
ManypeopleinmyGreek-CypriotcommunitywouldlookdownonmeifIsaidIshoppedattheopshop.Theymaypityme,considermepoor,afailure.Immigrantssacrificedtheirfamiliesandhomesforabetterlife.Buyingahouseandhavingenoughmoneytolivecomfortably,toeducateyourchildrenandseethemalsolivecomfortably,areabigpartoftheimmigrantdream,Buthasthisdreammadeusmaterialisticatthecostofourownplanet?
Ourloveforpurchasingthelatesttrendyclothesorfurniture,thendonatingthemwhenwearetiredofthemhasbecomenormal.Iwasoncelikethis.ButafterwatchingthedocumentaryTheTrueCostIlearneddonatedclothesthatdon’tgetsoldaresenttodevelopingnations,manyofthemendingupinlandfills(垃圾填埋地).Inaddition,yournewdressrequireselectricityandmaterialstomake.Butifyoubuyasecond-handdress,that’sonelessdressinalandfillandonelessnewdresstobemade.
Afriendintroducedmetoopshoppingonlyafewyearsago.Myfirstitemwasadressshegiftedme.ItwaslovelyandIlovedit.Nobodycouldtellitwassecond-hand.Thisopenedmeuptopurchasingmoresecond-handhighqualitybrandedclothes.OnceIvisitedafriendandwasimpressedbyhowshedecoratedherapartment.“It’sallsecond-hand,”shesaid.Icouldn’tbelieveit.Thetruthisalotofthingssoldattheopshopareinneworalmostnewcondition.That’swhenImadethedecisiontoonlybuysecond-handthings.
Sellingsecond-handthingsisn’tanythingnewbutwhattheplanetneedsismorebuyers.Thereissomuchexcess(过量)productionintheworld.Sostopfeelingashamed,andlet’sgetshopping.
4.WhatkindoffeelingisexpressedinParagraph1?
A.Pride.B.Embarrassment.C.Delight.D.Sympathy.
5.Whataremanypeopleintheauthor’scommunitylike?
A.Theyareprobablymaterialistic.
B.Theycareabouttheenvironment.
C.Theythinkhighlyofopshopping.
D.Theylookdownuponimmigrants.
6.Whatwastheauthorencouragedtodoaftervisitingherfriend’sapartment?
A.WatchthedocumentaryTheTrueCost.
B.Donatemoretolocalcharities.
C.Avoidshoppingtoomuch.
D.Stopbuyingnewthings.
7.What’sthepurposeofthetext?
A.Toentertain.B.Toadvertise.C.Topersuade.D.Todescribe.
C
AteamofengineersatHarvardUniversityintryingtocreatethefirstroboticfly.Designedtodowhataflydoesnaturally,thetinyisthesizeofafathousefly.Itsminiwingsallowittostayintheairandperformcontrolledflighttasks.
"Theaddeddifficultywithaprojectlikethisisthatactuallynoneofitscomponentsisofftheshelfandsowehavetodevelopthemallonourown’saidRobertWood,aHarvardengineeringprofessor.
Theyengineeredaseriesofsystemstostartanddrivetheroboticfly.“Theseeminglysimplesystemwhichjustmovesthewingshasanumberofinterdependencies(相互依赖)ontheindividualcomponents,eachofwhichindividuallyhastoperformwell,butthenhastobematchedwelltoeverythingitdconnectedto,”saidWood.
Whilethisfirstroboticflyerislinkedtoasmall,off-boardpowersource,thegoaliseventuallytoequipitwithabuilt-inpowersource,sothatitmightsomedayperformdata-gatheringworkatrescuesites,infarmers’fieldsoronthebattlefield."Basicallyitshouldbeabletotakeoff,landandflyaround,”hesaid.
Woodsaysthedesignoffersanewwaytostudyflightmechanicsandcontrolatinsect-scale.Yet,thepower,sensingandcomputationtechnologiesonboardcouldhavemuchbroaderapplications.“Youcanstartthinkingaboutusingthemtoansweropenscientificquestions,youknow,tostudybiologyinwaysthatwouldbedifficultwiththeanimal,butusingtheserobotsinstead”hesaid."Sotherearealotoftechnologiesandopeninterestingscientificquestionsthatarereallywhatdrivesusonaday-to-daybasis.”
8.Whatisthetypicalcharacteristicoftheroboticfly?
A.It'sautomatic.B.It'sverysmall.
C.It'scontrollable.D.It'squitepowerful.
9.Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheroboticflyercan____.
A.actasaspyplaneB.helpdofarmwork
C.flyataveryhighspeedD.answermanyscientificquestions
10.WhatisWood'sideaabouttheroboticflyaccordingtothelastparagraph?
A.Itishighlyquestionable.
B.Ithaswidepracticalapplications.
C.Itgivesscientistsinterestinflyingmachines.
D.Itpointstoanewdirectioninstudyingbiology.
11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Harvand'sStudyintheFieldofInsects.
B.ABreakthroughinEngineeringScience
C.AnInterestingInvention一RoboticFly
D.RoboticFly一aCopyofRealLifeInsect
D
Aworldinwhichextinctcreaturescouldbebroughtbacktolifecameastepcloseryesterday.AustralianscientistshavemanagedtoextractagenefromapreservedsampleofaTasmaniantigerandmakeitactive.Thebreakthroughhasleftthemdreamingthatonedaytheywillbeabletorecreatetheanimal,whichdiedoutmorethan70yearsago.AndifitcanbedonewiththeTasmaniantiger,itmayalsobepossibletoresurrect(复活)creaturesthathavebeenextinctforfarlonger.
“Thereusedtobeatimewhenextinctionmeantforever,butnomore,”saidProfessorMikeArcher.“Wearenowabletoseriouslychallengewhetherthoseanimalsthathavegoneforever.Whathasbeenachievedisaveryimportantstepinbringingbackthoseanimalsthatareextinct.AndwhileIthinkthattechnicallyitisstillprettydifficultatthemoment,wecannowseethepossibilities.I’mpersonallyconvincedthattheTasmaniantigerwillbebroughtbacktolifeinmylifetime.”
ThebreakthroughcameafternineyearsofexperimentsbyscientistsattheUniversityofMelbourne,whoextractedagenefromoneofseveraltigerspreservedinalcoholinaMelbournemuseum.Theyremovedtheequivalentgenefromamouseembryoimplantedthetigergeneandthenwatchedasthemousecontinuedtogrownormally,suggestingthetigergenehadbeenactivated.
TeamleaderDr.AndrewPasksaiditwasthefirsttimeDNAfromanextinctspecieshadbeenusedto“induce(引起)afunctionalresponseinanotherlivingorganism”.
However,theanimal’sentiregenestructurewouldhavetoberevivedinthesamewaytoevenbeginthepossibilityofbringingtheTasmaniantigerbackfromthedead.
MickMooney,awildlifeofficeroftheTasmanianGovernment,wasworriedthatsuchdevelopmentscouldencouragepeople’sindifferencetotheprotectionofendangeredspecies.
“Ifpeoplethinkthatwecanbringanimalsbacktolifeafterthey’vegone,theywillstartsayingthatthereisnothingtoworryaboutbecausewecanfixituplater.”
12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“breakthrough”inthelparagraphreferto?
A.Scientistshaverecreatednewanimals.
B.Scientistshaveresurrectedendangeredanimal.
C.Ithasturnedoutthatsomecreatureswouldnotgoextinct.
D.Atigergenehasbeenextractedsuccessfullyandactivated.
13.Scientistsarecarryingouttheexperimentsinorderto________.
A.bringextinctanimalsbacktolife
B.transplantthegenesoftigersintootheranimals
C.findoutwhatfactorsleadtot
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