届河北省平山县高考英语一轮阅读理解讲练及答案10.docx
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届河北省平山县高考英语一轮阅读理解讲练及答案10.docx
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届河北省平山县高考英语一轮阅读理解讲练及答案10
阅读理解。
阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Inbusiness,there'saspeeddifference:
It'sthedifferencebetweenhowimportantafirm'sleaderssayspeedistotheircompetitive(竞争的)strategy(策略)andhowfastthecompanyactuallymoves.Thedifferenceisimportantregardlessofindustryandcompanysize.Companiesfearfuloflosingtheircompetitiveadvantagespendmuchtimeandmoneylookingforwaystopickupthespeed.
Inourstudyof343businesses,thecompaniesthatchosetogo,go,gototrytogain_an_edgeendedupwithlowersalesandoperatingincomesthanthosethatpausedatkeymomentstomakesuretheywereontherighttrack.What'smore,thefirmsthat“sloweddowntospeedup”improvedtheirtopandbottomlines,averaging40%highersalesand52%higheroperatingincomesoverathreeyearperiod.
Howdidtheydisobeythe_laws_of_business_physics,_takingmoretimethancompetitorsyetperformingbetter?
Theythoughtdifferentlyaboutwhat“slower”and“faster”mean.Firmssometimesfailtounderstandthedifferencebetweenoperationalspeed(movingquickly)andstrategicspeed(reducingthetimeittakestodelivervalue).Simplyincreasingthespeedofproduction,forexample,maybeonewaytotrytoreducethespeeddifference.Butthatoftenleadstoreducedvalueovertime,intheformoflowerqualityproductsandservices.
Inourstudy,higherperformingcompanieswithstrategicspeedalwaysmadechangeswhennecessary.Theybecamemoreopentoideasanddiscussion.Theyencouragednewwaysofthinking.Andtheyallowedtimetolookbackandlearn.Bycontrast(相比而言),performancesufferedatfirmsthatmovedfastallthetime,paidtoomuchattentiontoimprovingefficiency,Stucktotestedmethods,didn'tdevelopteamspiritamongtheiremployees,andhadlittletimethinkingaboutchanges.
Strategicspeedservesasakindofleadership.Teamsthatregularlytaketimetogetthingsright,ratherthanploughaheadfullbore,aremoresuccessfulinmeetingtheirbusinessgoals.Thatkindofstrategymustcomefromthetop.
提速,似乎是历来公司老总们所追求的,增加效益更是他们的最终目标。
而人们对于速度的不同理解和方法的不同,确实适得其反。
1.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“gainanedge”inParagraph2mean?
A.Increasethespeed.B.Getanadvantage.
C.Reachthelimit.D.Setagoal.
答案:
B。
理解判断题。
在文章的第一段中就提到了许多公司提速的目的就是利益问题,信息词“fearfuloflosingtheircompetitiveadvantage”可以表明划线部分的意义同选项B。
2.Theunderlinedpart“thelawsofbusinessphysics”inParagraph3means________.
A.spendingmoretimeandperformingworse
B.spendingmoretimeandperformingbetter
C.spendinglesstimeandperformingworse
D.spendinglesstimeandperformingbetter
答案:
D。
归纳概况题。
既然公司追求的是提速,自然意味着:
takelesstime;而最终的效益还得需要performingbetter,故两者结合,才是公司一直在梦寐以求的最佳目标。
故选D。
3.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?
A.Howfastafirmmovesdependsonhowbigitis.
B.Howcompetitiveafirmisdependsonwhatitproduces.
C.Firmsguidedbystrategicspeedtaketimetomakenecessarychanges.
D.Firmsguidedbyoperationalspeedtaketimetodevelopnecessaryteamspirit.
答案:
C。
细节判断题。
倒数第二段的第一句里含有本题的信息,即同选项C的说法是一致的。
4.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.Improvequality?
Servebetter.B.Delivervalue?
Ploughahead.
C.Reducetime?
Movefaster.D.Needspeed?
Slowdown.
答案:
D。
主旨大意题。
文章的开头就已经点明了本文的主题方向,即:
公司想方设法提高工作速度;而文中通过分析比较不同公司的不同的做法和他们对于速度不同的理解,如果没有好的决策,适得其反,故选项D是最佳答案。
阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Sincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Brain-computerinterface(BCI)technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.
Recently,tworesearchers,JoseMillanandMicheleTavellafromtheFederalPolytechnicSchoolinLausanne,Switzerland,demonstrated(展示)asmallroboticwheelchairdirectedbyaperson’sthoughts.
Inthelaboratory,Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrighthand.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts.
“Ourbrainhasbillionsofnervecells.Thesesendsignalsthroughthespinalcord(脊髓)tothemusclestogiveustheabilitytomove.Butspinalcordinjuriesorotherconditionscanpreventtheseweakelectricalsignalsfromreachingthemuscles,”Tavellasays.“Oursystemallowsdisabledpeopletocommunicatewithexternalworldandalsotocontroldevices.”
Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser.Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp(头皮)andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair.Thewheelchairalsohastwocamerasthatidentifyobjectsinitspath.Theyhelpthecomputerreacttocommandsfromthebrain.
Prof.Millan,theteamleader,saysscientistskeepimprovingthecomputersoftwarethatinterpretsbrainsignalsandturnsthemintosimplecommands.“ThepracticalpossibilitiesthatBCItechnologyofferstodisabledpeoplecanbegroupedintwocategories:
communication,andcontrollingdevices.Oneexampleisthiswheelchair.”
Hesayshisteamhassettwogoals.Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.Andtheotheristoguaranteethattheycanusethetechnologyoverlongperiodsoftime.
1.BCIisatechnologythatcan .
A.helptoupdatecomputersystemsB.linkthehumanbrainwithcomputers
C.helpthedisabledtorecoverD.controlaperson’sthoughts
2.HowdidTavellaoperatethewheelchairinthelaboratory?
A.Bycontrollinghismuscles.B.Bytalkingtothemachine.
C.Bymovinghishand. D.Byusinghismind.
3.WhichofthefollowingshowsthepathofthesignalsdescribedinParagraph5?
A.scalp→computer→cap→wheelchairB.computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair
C.scalp→cap→computer→wheelchairD.cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair
4.Theteamwilltestwithrealpatientsto .
A.makeprofitsfromthemB.provethetechnologyusefultothem
C.makethemlivelongerD.learnabouttheirphysicalcondition
5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.Switzerland,theBCIResearchCenter
B.NewFindingsAboutHowtheHumanBrainWorks
C.BCICouldMeanMoreFreedomfortheDisabled
D.RoboticVehiclesCouldHelptoCureBrainInjuries
【参考答案】1--5、BDCBC
【陕西省西北工业大学附属中学2014第六次模拟】
阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
ThisplacewasdarkerthanIexpected,and,inspiteoftherain,dirtier.UsedtothelifeofruralPuertoRico(波多黎各),Ihadtoadjusttothesimilarlyarranged,aggressivetwo-dimensionalityofNewYork.EverywhereIlooked,myeyesmetgrayandbrownstraight-edgedbuildingswithsharpcornersanddeepshadows.Everyfewblockstherewasacement(水泥)playgroundsurroundedbychain-linkfence.
Agirlcameoutofthebuildingnextdoor,ajumpropeinherhand,andshehoppedover.“AreyouHispanic?
”sheasked.“No,I’mPuertoRican.”“Samething.PuertoRican,Hispanic.That’swhatwearehere.”Sheskippedatightcircle,stoppedabruptly,andshovedtheropeinmydirection.“Wantaturn?
”
“Sure.”Ihoppedononeleg,thentheother.“So,ifyou’rePuertoRican,theycallyouHispanic?
”
“Yeah.AnybodywhospeaksSpanish.”
Ijumpedacircle,asshehaddone,butfaster.“Youmean,ifyouspeakSpanish,you’reHispanic?
”
“Well,yeah.No...ImeanyourparentshavetobePuertoRicanorCubanorsomething.”
“Okay,yourparentsareCuban,let’ssay,andyou’rebornhere,butyoudon’tspeakSpanish.AreyouHispanic?
”
“Iguessso,”shefinallysaid.“IthastodowithbeingfromaSpanishcountry.Imean,youoryourparents,like,evenifyoudon’tspeakSpanish,you’reHispanic,youknow?
”Shelookedatmeuncertainly.ButIdidn’tknow.I’dalwaysbeenPuertoRican,andithadn’toccurredtomethatinNewYorkI’dbesomeoneelse.
Later,Iasked.“AreweHispanics,Mami?
”“Yes,becausewespeakSpanish.”“Butagirlsaidyoudon’thavetospeakthelanguagetobeHispanic.”“Whatgirl?
Wheredidyoumeetagirl?
”“Outside.Shelivesinthenextbuilding.”“Whosaidyoucouldgoouttothesidewalk?
Thisisn'tPuertoRico.Somethingcouldhappentoyou.”
IlistenedtoMami’slecturewithdepressedeyesandthenecessaryrespect.Butinside,Iquaked.TwodaysinNewYork,andI’dalreadybecomesomeoneelse.Itwasn’thardtoimaginethatgreaterdangerslayahead.
49.ThefirstparagraphsuggeststhattheauthorexperiencedNewYorkas.
A.mysteriousandunknowableB.regularanddepressing
C.orderlyandappealingD.impressiveanddangerous
50.Fortheauthor,beingconsideredHispanicrepresents.
A.arestrictiontobeovercomeB.anopportunityforself-redefinition
C.thelossofherformeridentityD.anunavoidableresultofmovementtoanewplace
51.Themotherrefersto“PuertoRico”inordertoimpressupontheauthorthat.
A.sheshouldnotmissherbirthplaceB.NewYorkersmaynotlikenewcomers
C.differentrulesapplytolifeinNewYorkD.lifewasmorerestrictedinPuertoRico
52.Theauthor’smoodcanbestbedescribedas
A.angryandconfusedB.fearfulanduncertain
C.excitedbutlonelyD.worriedandresistant
【参考答案】阅读理解49-52BCCB
故事记叙型阅读理解
(一)
OneTuesdayeveninginthebeginningofthefall1996semester(学期)atShippensburgUniversity,sirens(警报)sounded.Thesesirenswerenotincelebration;theywereacrytotheuniversitythatsomethingwaswrong.Ahouse,onlyoneblockaway,wasonfire.Nineoftheuniversity’sstudentslivedthere.
Fromtheminutethewordgotoutthathelpwasneeded,itseemedlikeeveryoneshowedup.Thevictims(受灾者)ofthefirewereofferedendlessinvitationsforhousingforthenight.Theverynextday,everyonegot_into_geartodotheirpartinhelpingthem.Flyers(=handbills)were
postedwithitemsthatwereimmediatelyneeded,justtogetthesestudentsthroughthisnextcoupleofdays.Boxesfordonations(捐赠品)an
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