人教版高中英语必修三Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars训练卷二.docx

人教版高中英语必修三Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars训练卷二.docx

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人教版高中英语必修三Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars训练卷二

2019-2020学年高一下学期训练卷

必修三Unit4Astronomy:

thescienceofthestars

英语

（二）

（本卷满分100分）

一、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共25分）

A

Thefutureistimethatistocome.Thefutureisnotthepresentorthepast.Itislater.Wehaveseenmanypossiblefuturesinsciencefiction.Theyrangefromtheworld’spolaricecapsmeltingtonuclearwinters.Butnotallfuturesaremorbid.Wehaveseenthehumanracespreadalloverouruniverse,humansandalienslivinginharmonytogetherallovertheuniverse.

Itisverylikelythatwewillmakesomekindofbreakthroughinourabilitytotravelthroughspacesometimeinthenext150years.Thiswouldgiveustheabilitytoruleotherplanets.

Finally,theEarthwilldiewhetheritisin1,000yearsor100,000years.Wewillbeforcedtomovetoanotherplanetthen.It’sreallyjustamatteroftime.Whenwedoso,whatwillwediscover?

Personally,Ithinkeveryonewillbespeakingthesamelanguagein200years.Aworldgovernmentdefinitelyseemstobeinourfuture.Itisstableandhasfewwars.Indeed,theonlytypeofwarsthatcanhappenisthecivilwar.

Andwhatifwefacealiens?

Iftheyarefriendly,wewouldprobablybenefitalotfromputtingourknowledgetogether.Theymusthaveadvancedtechnologytotravelforgreatdistances.Wecouldbenefitfromtheirtechnology.Butiftheyaren’tfriendly,thenwewillbeintrouble.Hopethatwewillhavebecomeadvancedenough,smartenough,andgenerallyabetterracebythetimewemeetthem.Butthisisallprobablybeingdiscussedfornothing,becauseanyraceoutthereamongthestarsisprobablyascuriousasweareaboutothercreatures.

1．Theunderlinedword“morbid”inParagraph1canbereplacedby__________.

A．unpleasantB．exciting

C．probableD．serious

2．WhatwillhumansdoiftheEarthdies?

A．Humanswillhavetofacedeath.B．Humanswilltravelandliveinspace.

C．Humanswillmovetoanotherplanet.D．Humanswillgobacktothepasttime.

3．Afterreadingthepassage,wecanknowthatthepassageisbasedon__________.

A．scientificfactsB．timeandspace

C．sciencefictionD．theauthor’simagination

B

Mostmapsshowplacesyoucanvisitandhowtogetthere.Mostmaps,however,werenotmadebyastronomers.AtarecentmeetinginTexas,threeteamsofthesescientistspresentednewmapstoshowwheredarkmatterwas.

Darkmatterneitherproducesnorreflectslight,whichmeansit'sinvisible（看不见）tohumaneyesandtomostscientificinstruments.Thatmakesitachallengetomeasureandstudy.Whatmakesthemattermoreupset:

Scientificmeasurementsshowthattheuniverseholdsaboutfivetimesasmuchdarkmatterasordinarymatter.Makinguptheknownpartoftheuniverse,ordinarymatterincludesyou,yourdog,Earth,thesun,starsandplanets.

Scientistsfinddarkmatterinthesameway,theydiscoverotherthingswecan'tseebyobservinghowtheinvisiblematteraffectsthingswecansee.Wecan'tseewind,forexample,butwecanfeelagentlewindorwatchawindmill（风车）turningonahill.Darkmatterdoesn'tturnwindmills,butitdoeshavegravity（引力）.Likeordinarymatter,darkmatterholdseverythingarounditfirmlywithgravity.Darkmatter'sgravityholdsgalaxies（星系）togetherandbendsraysoflightastheymovepast.

Tomakethenewmaps,astronomerstrainedpowerfultelescopestowatchforbendinglightarrivingfromdistantgalaxies.Thesetelescopesrecordedlightthatcamefromgalaxiesbillionsoflight-yearsaway.Bystudyinghowthelightchangedasittraveledthroughspace,theastronomerscouldworkoutthelocationandshapeofdarkmattergroups.

Oneofthenewmapsshowsdarkmatterismorethan600timesaslargeasafullmoon.Theothercoversanareamorethanathousandtimesaslarge.Butthat'sjustthebeginning:

Theastronomerswanttocarryonfurtherstudiestobetterunderstandthedarkmatter.

4．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_____________．

A．mostmapsshowthelocationofdarkmatter

B．humaneyescan’tseedarkmatterdirectly

C．galaxiesareusuallymadeofdarkmatter

D．darkmatterisasmuchasordinarymatter

5．Inparagraph3thewriterexplainsthewaytolocatedarkmatterby_____________．

A．providingnumbersB．listingfacts

C．makingacomparisonD．offeringaquote

6．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A．Ordinarymatermakesuptheknownpartofthespace.

B．Scientistshavefoundwaystodrawmapsofdarkmatter.

C．Darkmatterisstudiedwiththehelpofpowerfultelescopes.

D．Scientistsputforwardthetheoryofdarkmatterforthefirsttime.

C

Ascientistoncesaid:

“Ihaveconcludedthattheearthisbeingvisitedbyintelligentlycontrolledvehiclesfromouterspace.”

IfwetakethisasareasonableexplanationforUFOs（unidentifiedflyingobjects）,questionsimmediatelycomeup.

“Whydon’ttheygetintouchwithus,then?

Whydon’ttheylandrightontheWhiteHouselawnanddeclarethemselves?

”peopleasked.

Inreply,scientistssaythat,whilethismaybewhatwewant,itmaynotnecessarilybewhattheywant.

“Themostlikelyexplanation,itseemstome,”saidDr.Mead,“isthattheyaresimplywatchingwhatweareupto—thatresponsiblesocietyoutsideoursolarsystemiskeepinganeyeonustoseethatwedon’tcauseachainreactionthatmighthaveunexpectedeffectsfortheoutsideofoursolarsystem.”

Opinionsfromotherscientistsmightgolikethis:

“Whyshouldtheywanttogetintouchwithus?

Wemayfeelwe’remoreimportantthanwereallyare!

Theymaywanttoobserveusonlyandnotinterfere（干涉）withthedevelopmentofourcivilization.Theymaynotcareifweseethembuttheyalsomaynotcaretosay‘hello’.”

SomescientistshavealsosuggestedthatEarthisakindofzooorwildlifereserve.Justaswesetasidewildernessareasandwildlifereservestoallowanimalsandgrowingthingstodevelopnaturallywhileweobservethem.SoperhapsEarthwassetasideagesagoforthesamepurpose.

Arewebeingobservedbyintelligentbeingsfromothercivilizationsintheuniverse?

Aretheywatchingourprogressinspacetravel?

Doweliveinahuge“zoo”observedbyour“keepers,”buthavingnocommunicationwiththem?

Neverbeforeinourhistoryhavewehadtofaceideasbravelylikethese.Thesimplefactisthatwe,whohavealwaysregardedourselvesassupremeintheuniverse,maynotbeso.Nowwehavetorecognizethat,amongthestarsintheheavens,theremayverywellbeworldslivedbybeingswhoaretousaswearetoants.

7．Peoplewhoaskthequestion“Whydon’ttheygetintouchwithusthen?

”thinkthat________.

A．therearenosuchthingsasUFOs

B．UFOsarevisitorsfromsolarsystem

C．there’snoreasonforUFOstocontactus

D．weareboundtoseeUFOssoonerorlater

8．AccordingtoDr.Mead,thebeingsfromouterspace________.

A．hopetokeepintouchwithus

B．wanttokeepwatchonus

C．trytoprotectusfromdangers

D．getreadytohelpothers

9．What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardstheexistenceofotherintelligentbeingsinspace?

A．Doubtful.B．Neutral.C．Negative.D．Positive.

10．Thepassageismostlytakenfroma（n）________.

A．commercialadvertisementB．sciencefictionnovel

C．newspapercolumnD．travelleaflet

二、七选五（每小题2分，共10分）

Childrenstartoutasnaturalscientists,eagertolookintotheworldaroundthem.Helpingthemenjoysciencecanbeeasy,asthere’snoneedforalotofscientifictermsorexpensivelabequipment.11．.

Givethemtimetothink.Studiesoverthepast30yearshaveshownthat,afteraskingaquestion,adultstypicallywaitonlyonesecondorlessforananswer,notimeforachildtothink.12．,childrencangivemorelogical,completeandcreativeanswers.

Watchyourlanguage.Onceyouhaveachildinvolvedinasciencediscussion,don’tjumpinwith“That'sright"or“Verygood”.13．.Butintalkingaboutscience,quickpraisecansignalthatdiscussionisover.Instead,keepthingsgoingbysaying“That’sinterestingor“Ihaveneverthoughtofitthatwaybefore”,orcomingupwithmorequestionsorideas.Neverforceachildtothink.14．,aschildrenarealwaysthinking,withoutyourtellingthemto.

What'smore,givingthemfreedomtothinkcanturnaconversationintoaperformance.Thechildwilltrytofindtheansweryouwant,inasfewwordsaspossible,sothathewillbeasmallertargetforyourdisagreement.

15．.Real-lifeimpressionsofnaturearefarmoreimpressivethananylessonchildrencanlearnfromabookoratelevisionprogram.Letchildrenlookattheirfingertipsthroughamagnifyingglass（放大镜）,andthey'llunderstandwhyyouwantthemtowashbeforedinner.Ratherthansayingthatwaterevaporates（蒸发）,setapotofwatertoboilandletthemwatchthewaterleveldrop.

A．Itdoesn'tmakesense

B．Listentotheirquestions

C．Teachthembyexamples

D．Youonlyhavetoshareyourchildren'scuriosity

E.Itbeganwithasetofquestionsthatlastednearlytwohours

F.Whenadultsincreasetheir"waittime”tothreesecondsormore

G.Thesewordsworkwellwhenitcomestoencouraginggoodbehavior

三、完形填空（每小题1.5分，共30分）

Whenamomattendedschooltohelpherdisabledson,hersonandtheschoolthankedherinthesweetestway.Itwasn’tuntilafterhiscollegeyearsthatMartybecamedisabledafter16downstairs.Whenherson17togethisMBA,JudyO’Connorattendedeveryclasswithhimtohelphimwriteand18.Everyday,JudywouldsitbyMartyinclass,takingnotestomakesureof19specificrequests,raisingherhandsohecouldanswerquestions,andsilentlyfillinginhis20ontestdays.“Afteralittlewhile,wefoundthatworkingtogetherwecould21agreatdeal,”Martysays.

OngraduationdayatChapmanUniversity,Judywasdressedinblacktomixinwiththeother22.Littledidsheknowshe’dsoo