高考英语书面表达讲解范文20篇.docx
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高考英语书面表达讲解范文20篇.docx
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高考英语书面表达讲解范文20篇
书面表达
一、命题形式
提纲类书面表达一般有较多的文字提示或说明,要求表达的内容要点大多数以提纲的形式给出,并且比较具体、明确。
可以在保证内容要点齐全的同时进行合理而又紧扣主题的发挥,因而该类型的书面表达具有一定的灵活性,能较好地体现英语思维想象能力。
此类书面表达主要有以下特点:
1.设题形式:
通常会以中文、英文、“中文+英文”、“文字+图画”等形式给出题目要点,要求考生根据所给要点组织语言,按照一定的逻辑顺序将信息表达出来。
2.题目特点:
(1)要点明确,范围具体;
(2)难度相对较小;(3)属于半开放型作文,考生在完成题目所要求的要点的写作外,还要有自己的发挥。
3.常涉及的体裁:
书信/电子邮件、通知、演讲稿、便条、记叙文、说明文、议论文等。
二、写作句式
1.基本句型
(1)主语+谓语(不及物动词)
此句式常用来表示主语的动作或状态。
其特点是:
句子的谓语动词能表达完整的意思,这类动词称为不及物动词,后面可以接副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
如:
Sherunsinthepark.
(2)主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语
此句式的句型特点为:
谓语动词均为实义动词,是主语发出的动作,但是不能表达完整的意思,其后必须跟有一个宾语(宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词或不定式),即动作的承受者,才能表达完整意思。
如:
Iknowherverywell.
(3)主语+系动词+表语
此句式就是常说的主系表结构。
该句式侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样,其中谓语动词需用系动词(主要是be动词),表语多是形容词,也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式或分词等。
如:
Hebecameateacher.
(4)主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语
此句式中的谓语动词必须接两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。
其中一个是表示人的间接宾语;另一个是表示物的直接宾语。
一般情况下,间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后。
如:
Shegavehermotherapresent.
(5)主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语
此句式中的动词虽然是及物动词,但只接一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须再加上一个补充成分来说明宾语,这样才能使意思完整。
宾语补足语直接跟在宾语后面,补充说明宾语的情况。
如:
TheyusuallycallthebabyTom.
2.含非谓语动词的句式
(1)使役动词let/make/have/get/keep/leave...sb./sth.do/doing/done使/让……做/正在做/被……
如:
Theboymadethegirlcry.
Wecan’tleavesuchanimportantmatterunfinished.
(2)感官动词see/notice/watch/hear...sb./sth.do/doing/done看到/注意到/观察/听到某人/某物做/正在做/被……
如:
IheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.
IheardtheEnglishsongsungmanytimes.
(3)when/while/once/unless/although...+doing/done
如:
Becarefulwhile/whencrossingthestreet.
(4)havingdone...已经……
如:
Havingtalkedwithhimforseveralseconds,thedriverledthemanacrosstheroad.
(5)bydoing...通过做……
如:
Undertheenvironmentoffiercecompetition,theonlywayhecouldimaginetohandlestresswastogettougherbymakinggreaterefforts.
(6)疑问词+todo
如:
Howtostoppollutingriversisabigproblem.
(7)onlytodo/tobedone结果却……
如:
Hehurriedtothepostofficeonlytofinditwasclosed.
(8)with+宾语+补足语
如:
Withlivingstandardsimproving,peopletendtoprovidetheirchildrenwithmaterialcomfort.
(9)havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.做……有困难/麻烦
如:
WhenPeterspeaksinpublic,healwayshastroublethinkingoftherightthingstosay.
3.含有从句的句型
(1)名词性从句
①Iwonderwhether/if...我想知道是否……
如:
Iwonderifyoucoulddomeafavor.
②Whatimpressed/surprised/shockedmemostwasthat...
如:
Whatimpressedmemostwasthattheyneverlostheart.
③Itis+important/necessary/strange...that...
如:
Itisimportantthatyoushouldbegoodatit.
④That/This/Itiswhy/because...那/这就是为什么/因为……
如:
Thisisbecausetheearthistravelingroundthesun.
⑤Thereasonwhy...isthat...……的原因是……
如:
Thereasonwhymotherwaslatewithdinnerwasthatthereweresomanydishestoprepare.
⑥Thechancesare(that)...很可能……
如:
Thechancesareyouwon’thavetopay.
⑦Noonecandenythefactthat...不可否认的事实是……
如:
Noonecandenythefactthatsmokingleadstocancer.
⑧Sb.holdsthebelief/viewthat...某人(坚定地)持有某种观点……
如:
Mostpeopleholdtheviewthateducationcanchangeone’sfate.
(2)状语从句
①when/while当……时候
如:
WhenIshowedmyanswertohim,theteacherpraisedmeformyindependentthinking.
②onconditionthat...在……条件下;如果……
如:
I’lllendthisbooktoyouonconditionthatyoukeepitclean.
③each/everytime每次,每当……
如:
EverytimeIthinkaboutthesadexperience,Ifeelverysorryformymother.
④thefirsttime第一次
如:
ThefirsttimeIsawyou,IrealizedIseemedtohavemetyousomewherebefore.
⑤assoonas/themoment/theinstant/immediately/directly/instantly一……就……
如:
Themomenttheteacherenteredtheclassroom,thestudentspretendedtobereading.
⑥as/solongas只要
如:
Wecansurelyovercomethesedifficultiesaslongaswearecloselyunited.
⑦providing/provided/suppose/supposing(that)...如果,假如……
如:
Supposingthatthereisnopurewater,whatshallwedrink?
⑧before在……之前,还没来得及就……,……才……
如:
HerushedoutoftheroombeforeIcouldsayaword.
⑨(ever)since自从……
如:
Mr.GreenhastaughtinthatschoolsincehecametoChinathreeyearsago.
⑩as当……时候;一边……一边;随着……
如:
Hesmiledashestoodup.
(3)定语从句
①Asyoucanseein...正像你在……中看到的那样
如:
Asyoucanseeinthedrawing,itiswindyandrainyoutside,andyettheflowerinthegreenhouseisatitsbest.
②Assb.putsit...正如某人所说……
如:
Asourcoachoftenputsit,everythingispossibleifwekeepon.
③Asweallknow.../Asisknowntoall...众所周知……
如:
Asweallknow,thereisnoshortcuttolearningEnglish.
④which引导非限制性定语从句,意为“这……”
如:
Thenumberofthebooksis10,000orso,whichcanbeusedforimprovingyourknowledgeofChineseculture.
⑤oneofthe+复数名词+定语从句……中的一个
如:
AsfarasIknow,thisisoneoftheroomsthatweredamagedinthefire.
⑥theonlyoneofthe+复数名词+定语从句……中唯一的一个
如:
Maryistheonlyoneoftheyoungestgirlswhoplaysintheband.
⑦such...as...像……这样的;诸如此类的……
如:
He’snotsuchafoolashelooks.
⑧thesame...as.../thesameas...像……一样的
如:
Sheknewhefeltjustthesameasshedid.
4.特殊句式
(1)强调句型
①Itis/was+被强调部分+that+其他.
如:
Itisnotthestoryitselfbutwhatisreflectedinthestorythatcounts.
②Itis/wasnotuntil...that...
如:
Itwasnotuntil8o’clockthatherealizedhehadspentthewholedayontheInternet.
③动词+特殊疑问词+itis/was+that+其他
如:
Iwonderwhatitisthatmakesyousohappy.
④强调谓语时,借助于do/does/did+动词原形
如:
Westudyasagroupandallofusdoenjoyourselves.
⑤Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that+其他?
如:
Isitbecauseheisillthathecan’tcome?
⑥被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+is/wasit+that+其他?
如:
Whywasitthatyoudidnotattendthemeetingyesterday?
(2)倒装句
①only+状语/状语从句+部分倒装 只有……
如:
Onlywhenwethinkmoreforotherscanwecreateaharmoniousenvironment.
②notonly...butalso...不仅……而且……
如:
IwouldreallyliketointerviewhimbecauseheisnotonlythefirstChinesetogotospacebutalsooneofthegreatestastronautsintheworld.
③notuntil...直到……才
如:
Notuntilweloseourhealthdowerealizeitsvalue.
④as/though尽管……
如:
Tryas/thoughhewould,hemightfailagain.
⑤so+形容词/副词+that...如此……以至于……
如:
Sosuddenwastheattackthatwehadnotimetoescape.
⑥hardly/scarcely...when.../nosooner...than...一……就……
如:
Hardlyhadwearrivedtherewhenwedividedthisactivityintothreeparts.
⑦Were/Should/Had...如果……
如:
WereIyou,Iwouldn’tdothat.
⑧Up/Down/In/Out/Now/Then...+全部倒装
如:
Foramomentnothinghappened.Thencamevoicesallshoutingtogether.
⑨Infrontof/Atthefootof...+全部倒装
如:
Atthefootofthemountainstandsanoldtemplewhichtakesonanewlook.
5.谚语
Asthesayinggoes,“Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.”
Justasthesayinggoes,“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”
Agoodbeginningishalfdone.
Aboveall,experienceisthebestteacher.
Asthesayinggoes,“Nopains,nogains.”
Asthesayinggoes,“Everymanhashisfaults.”
三、过渡衔接
在句与句之间,段与段之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的连接性词语是语言连贯性得以实现的最常用手段。
连接性词语归纳如下:
1.起始关系:
tobeginwith,firstofall,asyouknow,asisknown,asisshownin,accordingto等。
如:
Asweallknow,goodlearninghabitscontributetoefficientstudy.
2.时间顺序:
atthebeginning,then,later,finally,atlast,intheend,afterwards,sincethen,afterthat,immediately,meanwhile等。
如:
Atthebeginning,Icollectedallthethingsscatteredintheroomsandputtheminplace.ThenIwipedthedustoffallthefurniture.Afterthat,Imoppedthefloors.
3.条件关系:
if,unless,incase(of),as/solongas,onconditionthat,provided(that)等。
如:
Iwouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldmeetmyuncleattheairport.
4.转折关系:
but,yet,however,while,otherwise,onthecontrary,nevertheless等。
如:
However,notuntilthematchwasoverdidwerealizethatweloseit.
5.因果关系:
because,as,since,for,thanksto,dueto,asaresultof,so,therefore,asaresult/consequence等。
如:
Therefore,thereisnoreasonforustolookdownuponordinaryjobs.
6.并列关系:
and,or,aswellas,notonly...butalso...,neither...nor...等。
如:
WewillhaveagoodtimethereandIwillsendyousomephotostakenthere.
7.递进关系:
besides,what’smore,moreover,furthermore,what’sworse,stillless,tomakemattersworse,worsestill,moreimportantly等。
如:
Manyofthemcanhardlylookafterthemselves,stilllessmanagetheirownlife.
8.列举事实:
suchas,forexample/instance,take...forexample,thatistosay,asfollows,inotherwords,ontheonehand,ontheother(hand)...,foronething...foranother...等。
如:
Ontheonehand,Icanearnsomemoneybydoingittohelpmyparents,andontheotherhand,Icangainsomeexperiencefromit,whichwilldogoodtomyfuturelife.
9.表示观点:
inmyopinion,inmyview,inmypointofview,asfarasIamconcerned,asforme,personally等。
如:
AsfarasIamconcerned,theystandforlove,friendshipandunity.
10.总结:
inshort,inbrief,inconclusion,inaword,tosumup,allinall,onthewhole,ingeneral,generallyspeaking等。
如:
Allinall,travelingisthebestchoicetoenrichourlivesandgetreadyforthenewchallenges.
4、写作模板
1.求职信
①信息来源②表明自己可以胜任某一职位
③胜任的理由一④胜任的理由二
⑤提供个人联系方式⑥结束语,表达感谢和期望
Dear ,
①Iwritethislettertoapplyforthepositionthatyouadvertisedin of .
②NotonlydoIhavethequalificationsforthisjob,butIalsohavetherightpersonalityfor .③Foronething, .④Foranother, .Ifyougrantmeapersonalinterview,Iwouldbemostgrateful.
⑤Pleasecontactmeatanytimeat .
⑥Thankyouforconsideringmyapplication,andI’mlookingforwardtomeetingyou.
Yourssincerely,
2.咨询信
①自我介绍②要询问的内容
③要咨询的问题罗列④附加问题
⑤表示感谢
Dear ,
①Iam .②Iamwritingtoseeifitispossibleforyoutoprovidemewithinformationregarding .
③Firstofall,whatare ?
Secondly,whenwill ?
Thirdly,is ?
④Iwouldalsoliketoinquire .Couldyoubesokindastosendmesomerelevantbookletsontheabove-mentionedaspects?
⑤Thankyouforyourkindness,andyourpromptattentiontothisletterwillbehighlyappreciated.
Yourssincerely,
3.建议信
①写信的原因②表示期待
③表述提出建议的原因④提出建议
⑤建议的作用⑥补充建议
⑦提出建议二⑧祝愿
Dear ,
①Iam
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