分词作状语用法之欧阳物创编.docx
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分词作状语用法之欧阳物创编.docx
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分词作状语用法之欧阳物创编
分词作状语用法是所有分词用法中最重要的,也是最难掌握的。
时间:
2021.02.07
命题人:
欧阳物
分词在句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。
一、现在分词作状语
一、现在分词作状语,表主动、进行,相当于一个状语从句,根据需要可以使用被动式或完成式。
Studyingatthehometown,Ienjoyedthehappiesttimeduringmylife.
Beingill,shecan'tgotoworktoday.
Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandjumping.
1.Hesentmeane-mail,________togetfurtherinformation.
A.hopedB.hopingC.tohopeD.hope
2.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage________thegirlandtookheraway,________intothewoods.
A.seizing;disappearedB.seized;disappeared
C.seizing;disappearing D.seized;disappearing
二、现在分词的时态语态
1.现在分词的一般式由“动词+ing”构成,其被动式为“being+动词过去分词”。
例如:
ThestudentsstandingtherearefromClassThree.
TheEnglishnovelbeingtranslatedbytheeditornowwillbecompletedinOctober.
2.现在分词的完成式由“having+动词过去分词”构成,其被动式为“having+been+动词过去分词”。
例如:
Havingfinishedallthework,theyhadagoodrest.
Havingbeengiventherightanswer,theteacheraskedmetositdown.
Givenmoretime,wewillfinishtheworkintime.
3.现在分词的否定式为“not+动词-ing”,被动式的否定式为“not+being+动词过去分词”,其完成式的否定式为“not+having+动词过去分词”。
例如:
Notknowingwhattodo,hesattherecrying.
Notbeingnoticedbythepublic,theyoungwriterfeltalittlepity.
1._______fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes.
A.SufferedB.SufferingC.HavingsufferedD.Beingsuffered
2.Findinghercarstolen,_______.
A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchedthoroughly
C.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp
二、过去分词作状语
过去分词只有一种形式,即done,表被动。
Themothercamein,followedbyherson.
Whenheated,waterwillbeturnedintosteam.
Deeplymovedbythefilm,weallcried.
Bornintoapoorfamily,hehadnomorethantwoyearsofschooling.
1._____fromthetopoftheTVtower,andwecangetabeautifulsightofmostofthecity.
A.ToseeB.SeenC.SeeingD.See
2._____in1613,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStated.
A.beingfoundedB.FoundedC.ItwasfoundedD.Founding
三、过去分词与V-ing作状语的区别
1.分词在句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。
2.V-ing表示主动、进行的动作;2.过去分词表示被动。
Seenfromadistance,themountainlookedlikeanelephant.
Seeingthemountain,healwaysthinksofhischildhood.
1._______inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.
A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited
2.____aloneinthedarkroom,thelittleboywassofrightenedastocry.
A.LeavingB.LeftC.TobeleftD.Havingleft
3._____bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarms.
A.AttractingB.AttractedC.TobeattractedD.Havingattracted
4.Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,______.
Alaughedandjumped BTolaughandjump Claughingandjumping Dlaughandjump
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.______(see)fromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksbeautifultous.
2.______(give)time,he’llmakeafirstclasstennisplayer.
3.______(look)outofthewindow,Ifoundmanychildrenplayingontheplayground.
3、连词+分词做状语:
分词做状语常和某些连词连用,表示分词是做什么状语,常见的和分词连用的连词有When,because,if,though,once,unless等。
1.Generallyspeaking,______accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.
A.WhentakingB.whentaken C.whentotakeD.whentobetaken
2.______,thisfilmcanneverbeenforgotten.
AOnceseeingB oncehavingseen COnceseen DOncetosee
四、分词作状语相当于状语从句
分词在句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。
一、用作时间状语,分词(短语)用作时间状语通常可转换成由when,while,after,before等引导时间状语从句。
典型例句
Seeingthecat,themouseranoff.
=When[Assoonas]themousesawthecat,itranoff.
高考实例
When______differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.
A.comparedB.beingcomparedC.comparingD.havingcompared
二、用作原因状语,分词(短语)用作原因状语通常可转换成由as,because,since,nowthat等引导的原因状语从句。
Beingveryweak,shecouldn'tmove.
=Asshewasveryweak,shecouldn’tmove.
(1)_____withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.
A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface
(2)____forthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.
A.BlamingB.BlamedC.ToblameD.Tobeblamed
三、用作条件状语,分词(短语)用作条件状语通常可转换成由从属连词if引导的条件状语从句。
典型例句
Workinghard,youwillsucceed.
=Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.
Givenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.
=Ifwehadbeengivenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.
______time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.
A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given
四、用作让步状语,分词(短语)用作让步状语通常可转换成由从属连词though,although,nomatter…等引导的让步状语从句。
Althoughlivingmilesaway,heattendedthecourse.
=Althoughhelivedmilesaway,heattendedthecourse.
Defeated,heremainedapopularboxer.
=Thoughthewasdefeated,heremainedapopularboxer.
Nomatterhowfrequently_____,theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.
A.performedB.performing
C.tobeperformedD.beingperformed
五、用作伴随状语,表示的动作伴随句子谓语动作同时发生,即句子谓语所表示的动作为主要动作,分词短语所表示的动作伴随性的次要动作。
典型例句
Hesatinthechairreadinganewspaper.
Don'tyousittheredoingnothing.
Hecamein,followedbyhiswife.
(1)Don’tsitthere______nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.
A.doB.todoC.doingD.anddoing
(2)Mycousincametoseemefromthecountry,______meafullbasketoffreshfruits.
A.broughtB.bringingC.tobringD.hadbrought
(3)Wheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass,hewouldanswercarelessly,
always______thesamething.
A.sayingB.saidC.tosayD.havingsaid
(4)Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys,footballsorbasketballs,_______thatallchildrenlikethesethings.
A.thinkingB.thinkC.tothinkD.thought
六、用作结果状语,分词(短语)用作结果状语时,通常可转换成并列句。
典型例句
Hedied,leavinghiswifewithfivechildren.
=Hediedandlefthiswifewithfivechildren.
(1)Heglancedoverather,______thatthoughshewastiny,sheseemedverywellputtogether.
A.notingB.notedC.tonoteD.havingnoted
(2)Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear,_____arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.
A.havereachedB.reaching
C.toreachD.tobereaching
课后练习题
1.______aloneinthedarkroom,thelittleboywassofrightenedastocry.
A.LeavingB.LeftC.TobeleftD.Havingleft
2._____inthisway,thesituationdoesn’tseemsodisappointing.
A.TolookB.LookingatC.LookedatD.Tobelookedat
3._______inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.
A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited
4._____moreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetter.
A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven
5.______theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.
A.NotcompletingB.Notcompleted
C.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted
6.Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,_______.
A.doctorscametotheirrescueB.thetallbuildingcollapsed
C.anemergencymeasurewastakenD.warningsweregiventotourists
时间:
2021.02.07
命题人:
欧阳物
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