最新ICAO英语考试总结资料.docx

最新ICAO英语考试总结资料.docx

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最新ICAO英语考试总结资料

1准备ICAO英语考试时总结了不少，在此把总结的内容上传分享一下。

手打难免错漏，请见谅，我只是一名刚毕业的飞行学员关于专业知识理解不到位之处还请帮忙纠正

2考的是语言能力不需要很专业因为考官本身也不是专业的飞行员只要有一些关于飞行的普遍认知就好有一定的专业知识就好

3做最充足的准备应对考试应该是得心应手的考试的听力比较清晰而且比平时自己训练的听力简单语速较慢并且没有BACKGROUNDWHISTLE

4这个是英语学习所以多听多说才是硬道理就应试而言多听录音多听陆空通话就提高语言能力而言多看美剧多模仿多听英文歌多开口说纠正发音语气断句等

5前三部分只有自己练习第四部分可以外力帮助提高更快

6只是本人一些愚见不足为据啊

7祝逢考必过

下面的大多都是针对第四部分OPI（oralproficiencyinterview）

OPI包含5个部分：

1warmup2levelcheck3probe4picturedescribe5wrapup

一）vocabulary（最后附有各个系统专业词汇）

对于一些比较常见专业单词词组的归纳

三个应答机特殊编码：

编码自己查不便说。

从小到大分别是hijack,radiofailure,distressconditions

PANPAN和MAYDAY的区别：

PANPAN：

needassistancetimelyurgencysituation

MAYDAY：

needassistanceimmediatelydistresssituation

乘务员flight/cabinattendant驾驶舱职权梯度cockpitauthoritygradient

机库hangar接通/断开自驾engage/disengageAP

地形terrain人因humanfactors

活物牲畜livestock绕飞detour

界面交界处interface修改modifyamend

试车enginerunup烂泥slush

减速妨碍retard积累accumulation

湿度humidity降雨量precipitation

气喘asthma腹泻diarrhea

调度签派dispatch信号员marshaller

开往驶往Boundfor放油fueldumpjettison

预期anticipate污染contaminate

外形configuration致命的fatal

分院branchflightcollege炸药dynamite

手榴弹grenade恢复revert

Humanerrorchain:

peoplemakesmistake,andaccidenthappens.onemistakeleadstoanothertoanothertoanotherwhichleadstoanaccident

IRS:

inertialreferencesystem惯性基准系统

干预interfere配件附件accessory

气动的pneumatic有形的具体的concrete

临界的marginal连续touchandgo

起落Trafficcircuit补充replenish

全停fullstop物质物品substance

拉紧绷紧strain踝关节ankle肘部elbow

对正跑道aligntherunwayPOB:

peopleonboard

改装训练transitiontraining劫机犯hijacker

陆空对话radiotelephonycommunication

前轮转弯机构nosewheelsteering执行execute疏散evacuation

机长的四条杠的含义：

1flyingskill2knowledge3profession4responsibility

提供饮食及服务cater（主要在地面装载时会用到）

RNP----requirednavigationperformance所需导航性能

RDH----thresholdheight跑道入口高度

二）几个主要系统组成及功用

1LANDINGGEARSYSTEM

很多图是关于重着陆，事故以及事故症候的，事故大多数的情况都包含有起落架的一些情况，damaged，unabletoextend,tiresblow-out,smokefrommaingear等情况，所以遇到这一类型的图就可以引申出对于LANDINGGEARSYSTEM的问题来考验对系统的认知。

Tricyclegeararrangement前三点shockstrut减震支柱bumper减震器

Manualextensionhandles人工放下起落架手柄

Nosewheelarrangementadvantages:

1）itallowsmoreforcefulapplicationofbrakesforhigherlandingspeedwithoutnosingover.

2）itpermitsbettervisibilityforthepilotsduringlandingandtaxing

3）ittendstopreventaircraftfromground-loopingbymovingtheC.Gforwardofthemaingear.

Landinggearsafetydevises:

1）Mechanicaldownlock----------topreventaccidentaloperationofthemechanicaldownlocks,electricallyoperatedsafetyswitchesareinstalled.

2）Safetyswitches-----------------Thetorquelinksspreadapartormovetogetherastheshockstrutpistonextendsorretractsinitscylinder.

3）Groundlock----------------onecommontypeofapininstalledinalignedholesdrilledin2ormoreunitsofthelandinggearsupportstructure.

2HYDRAULICSYSTEM

第四部分里面有一张图是关于hydraulicsystem的，建议这个系统多熟悉一下

Unitscommonlyoperatedbyhydraulicsystem:

Landinggears,wingflaps,slats,speedandwheelbrakes,nosewheelsteering,

Primaryflightsurfaces

hydraulicsystemcomponents:

anenginedrivenpump,afilter,areservoir,apressureregulator,anaccumulator,

apressuregauge,areliefvalve,anemergencypump,twocheckvalves,

aselectorvalve,anactuatingcylinder

operation

theenginedrivenpumpwhichisdirectlycoupledtotheenginewilloperatewhentheengineisrunning.Thepumpdrawsfluidfromreservoirandexpelstothesystemthroughthefilterandacheckvalveandthepressurecanbebuiltup.thepressureregulatorunloadsorrelievestheenginedrivenpumpwhenthedesiredpressureinthesystemachieved.thusit’softenreferredtoasanunloadingvalve.Intheeventofmalfunctionofpressureregulator,thereliefvalvewillreleaseanypressureabovethatmaintainedbytheregulator.

3AIRCONDITIONINGANDPRESSSURIZATIONSYSTEM

Thecabinairconditioningandpressurizationsystemsuppliesconditionedairforheatingandcoolingthecockpitandcabinspaces.Thisairalsoprovidespressurizationtomaintainasafeandcomfortablecabinenvironment.Someoftheairconditioningsystemsinstalledinmodernaircraftutilizeairturbinerefrigeratingunitstosupplycooledair.Thesearecalledaircyclesystem.

Functionofairconditioningsystem:

Tomaintainacomfortabletemperaturewithinthefuselage.Inatypicalsystemthetemperatureismeasuredandcomparedtothedesiredsettingofthetemperaturecontrols.

1supplyventilationair

2supplyheatedair

3supplycooledair

Functionofcabinpressurecontrolsystem:

Toprovidecabinpressureregulation,pressurerelief,vacuumrelief,andthemeansofselectingthedesiredcabinaltitude.

4WINGTIPDEVICES-----------improvetheefficiencyoffixed-wingaircraft,intendedeffectidalwaystoreducethedragbyalteringtheairflownearthewingtips.

5APU-------AUXILIARYPOWERUNIT

Function-----toprovidepowertostartthemainengines.Turbineenginesmustbeacceleratedtoahighrotationalspeedinordertoprovidesufficientaircompressionforself-sustainingoperation.Beforeenginesaretobeturned,theAPUisstarted,generallybyabatteryorhydraulicaccumulator.OncetheAPUisrunning,itprovidespower（electric,pneumatic,orhydraulic,dependingonthedesign）tostarttheaircraft'smainengines.

APUsfittedtoETOPS（Extended-rangeTwin-engineOperations）aircraftareacriticalsafetydevice,astheysupplybackupelectricityandcompressedairinplaceofthedeadengineorfailedmainenginegenerator.

三）特勤处置

先说一下CRM-----COCKPITRESOURCEMANAGEMENT

CRM包括4部分

1：

establishgoodcommunicationwithcrewmembers,sothatwecanpreventandcorrectanymistakes.

2：

takefulladvantageofthefacilitiesonboardandthegroundnavaids.

3：

operatetheaircraftstrictlyaccordingtothemanualandSOPs.

4：

complywiththeaviationregulations.

关于EMERGENCY，处置

8staycalm,maintaintherightconfigurationandattitude.

9thecrewmembersshouldaccomplisheachother’sownduty,findthecauseanddotherightchecklist,followstandardprocedures.

10reporttoATCyourlocation,situationonboard,andintention.Requestlandingpriorityifpossible.

这里只是提供一个大致框架，具体特勤具体分析，如ENGINEFAILURE,BOMBONBOARD,GEARJAM等，具体的细节就只有自己去丰满。

关于SICKPASSENGERONBOARD的处置：

11havethecabinattendanttotakefirstaid

12informthepassengerstofindifthere’sdoctoronboardsothatwecanaskforhelp

13informtheATC,requestlandingpriorityordiverttothenearestsuitableairport,andrequestambulanceanddoctorsreadyatlanding

我在考试的时候遇到关于SUFFERFROMHEARTATTACK的乘客

四）口试

OPI的前三部分只会涉及很少的专业问题，所以这三部分可以一起来看和准备。

说的直白一点，这几部分就是和考官扯淡，但是扯淡要注意尺度，不要使劲扯，扯淡变成扯蛋会有一点痛的。

这里部分会过渡到一些飞行相关的问题。

分院，飞行经历，所飞机型，小时数，所遇特勤，职业特性，基本可以概括为一次完整的飞行过程。

建议考前写一篇关于自己飞行的文章，涵盖以上一些信息。

到时候遇到可以触类旁通，把你准备的说出来。

同时也是做一个引导，引导考官就你的信息中挖掘问题，这样会比较占主动性。

E.G:

Thatchoosingtobeapilotasmycareermakesmeproudandmakesmyfamilyproud.Thisisanoblejob.Comeon,thinkaboutit.Becauseofourworks,aboycanmeethisbonnylass,afatherbackfrombusinesstripcangivehisdaughterawarmhug,businessmencansigntheircontractsintime,andpackagesaredeliveredtoyourdoorontime.Allthesegivemeafeelingofsuccess,afeelingofhappiness.Andbesides,thisisajobwithgoodsalaryandcomparativelyhighsocialstatus.Iusedtoconsiderthatit’seasytobeapilot.Youknow,justliketheunprofessionalpeoplethinks:

pilotsengagetheAPaftertakeoff,thenplannedroute,plannedlevel,plannedeverything.AllthepilotsneedtodoisdisengagingtheAPwhentheaircraftcomestotheshortfinal,andmakeaperfectlanding,taxitotherightgate.That’sall.Itlookseasyandseemsthateverybodycandothat.ButI’vechangedmymindafterallthethingsI’vebeenthroughintheGUANGHANflightcollegewhereIactuallylearnthowtocontrolandmanageanaircraftandhowtobeaprofessionalpilot.There’salongwaytogo,andthattakestime.TheveryfirstruleIlearnistobepatient,always.Andthereisa“13-hours-checkride”whichissettocheckwhetherthestudentisskillfulortalentedenoughtobeapilot.Thisisacruelcheckforthestudents,andsomearedoomedtofail.Isweatedmyshirtandtheheadphonethatdayinthecockpit.Butluckyme,Ipassed.ThisisthemostprecioustreasureinmylifethatIwishIwouldneverexperienceagain.

附加：

各个系统词汇

AirConditioningSystem

PACK空调主件HOTBLEEDAIR热引气

OUTLETDUCT外流管BYPASSVALVE旁通活门RAMAIR冲压空气

INLETSCOOP进气口TRIMAIRVALVE调节空气

EXTRACTORFAN排气风扇GUARDEDFLAP有保护盖的导片

BLOWER鼓风机EXTRCTOR排风扇OVERBOARD机外

ONBOARD机上OPEN-CIRCUIT开路CLOSED-CIRCUIT闭路

CONFIGURATION形态PASSENGERLOAD乘客载荷DOWNSTREAM下游

STANDINGWATER积水ATLN（ALTERNATE）备份CHANNEL通道

PNEUMATIC气源DUAL双的SWITCHOVER交换

PRE-COOLER预冷机COOLANT冷却剂AMBER琥珀色

VENTILATION通风CIRCUITBREAKER跳开关PRESSURIZATION（增压）

FLAPPERVALVES瓣状活门PROFILE剖面TOGGLE扳钮开关

VACUUM真空ISAOBARIC等压BAROMETRIC气压

PRESSUREDIFFERENTIALS压差ANEROIDSWITCH膜盒气压

STBY（STANDBY）备份DCDIRECTCURRENCY直流电

DITCH水上迫降SUPERCHARGER增压器INADVERTENT偶然的

LEAKAGE漏、渗APRON停机坪CEILING顶板ACCESSORY副件

THROTTLELEVER油门杆CRUISE巡航

NEGATIVERELIEFVALVE负压释放活门POSITIVEPRESSURE正压

AIRPORTELEVATION机场标高AUTOPILOT（自动驾驶）

MOMENTUM动量MIMICKING模仿GLARE-SHIELD遮光板

Performance

ACTUATORS制动器SURVEILLANCE监视QUADRANT油门操纵杆

FLEX（FLEXIBLE）灵活的

MCT（MAXIMUMCONTINUETHRUST）最大连续推力

ELEVATORS升降舵AILERON副翼NAVAID助航

SID（STANDARDINSTRUMENTDEPARTURE）标准仪表离场

STAR（STANDARDTERMINALARRIVALROUTE）标准进场程序

MISSEDAPPROACH（GOAROUND）复飞

DYNAMIC动力的AUGMENTATION增加、增益

FLIGHTENVELOPE飞行包线

CDU（CONTOLDISPLAYUNIT）控制显示组件

FMA（FLIGHTMODEANNUNCIATOR）飞行方式显示器

ADI