英语高二英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题.docx
- 文档编号:29236749
- 上传时间:2023-07-21
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:54
- 大小:116.68KB
英语高二英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题.docx
《英语高二英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语高二英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题.docx(54页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
英语高二英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题
(英语)高二英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
InJune2014,twoleadingmediainAmericareportedthatthree-year-oldVictoriaWilcher,whosufferedfacialscarring,waskickedoutofaKFCbecauseshewasafrighteningcustomer.Later,KFCannouncedthatnoevidencehadbeenfoundtosupportthestory.Thisphenomenonislargelyaproductoftheincreasingpressureinnewsroomsthatcaremoreabouttrafficfigures.
BrookeBinkowski,aneditor,saysthatshehasseenashifttowardslessresponsibilityinnewsrooms."Clickbaitisking,sonewsroomswilluncriticallyprintsomethingunreal.Notallnewsroomsarelikethis,butalotofthemare."
Askedwhatthedrivingfactorwas,ajournalistsaid,"You'veastricteditorandyou'vetomeetyourtargets.Andsomeyoungjournalistsareinexperiencedandwillnotdothosechecks.Somuchnewsreportedonlinehappensonline.Thereisnoneedtogetoutandknockonsomeone'sdoor.Youjustsitatyourdeskanddoit."
Anotherjournalistsays,"Moreclicksequalmoremoney.Atmyformeremployerinparticular,thepressurewasduetothelimitedresources.Thatmadetheenvironmentquitehorribletoworkin."
InaFeb.2015reportforDigitalJournalism,CraigSilvermanwrote,"Todaythebarforwhatisworthgivingattentiontoseemstobemuchlower.Withinminutesorhours,abadlysourcedreportcanbechangedintoastorythatisrepeatedbydozensofnewswebsites,resultingintensofthousandsofshares.Therumorbecomestrueforreaderssimplybyvirtueofitsubiquity."
And,despitethedirectionthatsomenewsroomsseemtobeheadingin,acriticaleyeisbecomingmore,notlessimportant,accordingtotheNewYorkTimes'publiceditor,MargaretSullivan."Reportersandeditorshavetobemorecarefulthaneverbefore.It'sextremelyimportanttoquestionandtoprovebeforepublication."Yetthoseworkinginnewsroomstalkofdoubtfulstoriesbeingtolerated.Inthewordsofsomesenioreditors,"aclickisaclick,regardlessoftheadvantageofastory".And,"ifthestorydoesturnouttobefalse,it'ssimplyachanceforanotherbiteatthecherry."
(1)AccordingtoBrookeBinkowski,newsroomsproducefalsenewsbecause_________.
A.clickscountalot
B.resourcesarelimited
C.budgetsaretight
D.journalistslackexperience
(2)WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph5probablymean?
A.Liescan'tsellwithoutsomethingrelatedtothetruth.
B.Rumorsarelikeaflameblownbythewind.
C.Mostpeopleareeasytocheatbythefalsenewsonline.
D.Aliewillendupastruth,ifrepeatedoftenenough.
(3)What'sMargaretSullivan'sattitudetowardsfalsenewsonline?
A.Negative.
B.Supportive.
C.Skeptical.
D.Neutral.
(4)Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?
A.Spreadoffalsestories.
B.Causesofonlinefalsenews.
C.Dutiesofjournalists.
D.Relativelawsneededtoregulatetheonlinenews.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)D
(3)A
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,作者根据一段虚假新闻的实例分析了造成这种现象的原因及人们对此的态度。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“Clickbaitisking,sonewsroomswilluncriticallyprintsomethingunreal.Notallnewsroomsarelikethis,butalotofthemare.”可知BrookeBinkowski认为文章的标题和点击率是虚假新闻产生的重要原因,故选A。
(2)考查句义猜测。
根据第五段中的“Therumorbecomestrueforreaderssimplybyvirtueofitsubiquity.”谣言由于它的普遍传播就会变成真的,即说的人多了谣言就变成真的了。
与D项Aliewillendupastruth,ifrepeatedoftenenough.同义,故选D。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Reportersandeditorshavetobemorecarefulthaneverbefore.It'sextremelyimportanttoquestionandtoprovebeforepublication.”可知MargaretSullivan认为编辑一定要更细心,在发表之前要认真审核证实。
由此可见他对网络虚假新闻是反对的,故选A。
(4)考查主旨大意。
作者根据一段虚假新闻的实例分析了造成这种现象的原因及人们对此的态度。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断,句义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Scienceisfinallybeginningtoembraceanimalswhowere,foralongtime,consideredsecond-classcitizens.
AsAnniePottsofCanterburyUniversityhasnoted,chickensdistinguishamongonehundredchickenfacesandrecognizefamiliarindividualsevenaftermonthsofseparation.Whengivenproblemstosolve,theyreason:
henstrainedtopickcoloredbuttonssometimeschoosetogiveupanimmediatefoodrewardforaslightlylater(andbetter)one.Healthyhensmayaidfriends,andmournwhenthosefrienddie.
Pigsrespondmeaningfultohumansymbols.WhenaresearchteamledbyCandaceCroneyatPennStateUniversitycarriedwoodenblocksmarkedwithXandOsymbolsaroundpigs,onlytheOcarriersofferedfoodtotheanimals.ThepigssoonignoredtheXcarriersinfavoroftheO's.Thentheteamswitchedfromreal-lifeobjectstoT-shirtsprintedwithXorOsymbols.Still,thepigswalkedonlytowardtheO-shirtedpeople:
theyhadtransferredtheirknowledgetoatwo-dimensionalformat,anotinconsiderablefeatofreasoning.
I'vebeenguiltyofprejudicedexpectations,myself.Atthestartofmycareeralmostfourdecadesago,Iwasfirmlyconvincedthatmonkeysandapesout-thinkandout-feelotheranimals.They'reotherprimates(灵长目动物),afterall,animalsfromourownmammalian(哺乳动物的)class.Fairlysoon,Icametoseethatalongwithourclosestlivingrelatives,whalestooaremastersofculturallearning,andelephantsexpressprofoundjoyandmourningwiththeirsocialcompanions.Long-termstudiesinthewildonthesemammalshelpedtofuelaviewpointshiftinoursociety:
thepublicnolongersoeasilyacceptsmonkeysmadetoundergopainfulprocedurekinlaboratories,elephantsforcedtoperformincircuses,anddolphinskeptinsmalltanksatthemeparks.
Overtime,though,asIbegantobroadenoutevenfurtherandexploretheinnerlivesoffish,chickens,pigs,goats,andcows,Istartedtowonder:
Willthenewscienceof"foodanimals"bringanethical(伦理的)revolutionintermsofwhoweeat?
Inotherwords,willourethicsstarttocatchupwiththedevelopmentofourscience?
Animalactivistsarealreadythere,ofcourse,committedtonoteatingtheseanimals.Butwhatabouttherestofus?
Canpayingattentiontothethinkingandfeelingoftheseanimalsleadustomakechangesinwhoweeat?
(1)AccordingtoAnniePotts,henshavetheabilityof_____________.
A. interaction
B. analysis
C. creation
D. abstraction
(2)Theresearchintopigsshowsthatpigs___________.
A. learnlettersquickly B. haveagoodeyesight
C. canbuildupagoodrelationship
D. canapplyknowledgetonewsituations
(3)Paragraph4ismainlyabout________.
A. thesimilaritiesbetweenmammalsandhumans
B. thenecessityoflong-termstudiesonmammals
C. achangeinpeople'sattitudestowardsanimals
D. adiscoveryofhowanimalsexpressthemselves
(4)Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A. TheInnerLivesofFoodAnimals
B. TheLifestylesofFoodAnimals
C. ScienceReportsonFoodAnimals
D. ARevolutioninFoodAnimals
【答案】
(1)B
(2)D
(3)C
(4)A
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。
文章论述了我们原来当作食物的动物实际上也有情感有思想,它们有一定的分析推理能力。
人类不应只将它们当作食物。
(1)推理判断题。
由第二段中的“Whengivenproblemstosolve,theyreason:
henstrainedtopickcoloredbuttonssometimeschoosetogiveupanimmediatefoodrewardforaslightlylater(andbetter)one”可知,当解决问题时,母鸡们会推理:
例如,受过挑选彩色纽扣的训练的母鸡们有时会选择放弃即时的食物奖励,换取稍晚一些(而且更好)的食物奖励。
由此可知,母鸡们具备分析能力。
故B选项正确。
(2)推理判断题。
由第三段中的“Pigsrespondmeaningfultohumansymbols.WhenaresearchteamledbyCandaceCroneyatPennStateUniversitycarriedwoodenblocksmarkedwithXandOsymbolsaroundpigs,onlytheOcarriersofferedfoodtotheanimals.ThepigssoonignoredtheXcarriersinfavoroftheO's.Thentheteamswitchedfromreal-lifeobjectstoT-shirtsprintedwithXorOsymbols.Still,thepigswalkedonlytowardtheO-shirtedpeople:
theyhadtransferredtheirknowledgetoatwo-dimensionalformat,anotinconsiderablefeatofreasoning.”可知,一些研究者拿着带X标记的木板,一些研究者拿着带O标记的木板,只有拿带O标记木板的研究者给猪提供食物,猪很快就只理会这些研究者了。
当木板换成带X和O标记的衬衫时,猪仍然只走向那些穿带O标记衬衫的研究者。
这表明猪将把知识转移到了二维的形式,这是一种相当大的推理壮举。
结合选项,D选项正确。
(3)段落大意题。
由第四段中的“Atthestartofmycareeralmostfourdecadesago,Iwasfirmlyconvincedthatmonkeysandapesout-thinkandout-feelotheranimals...Fairlysoon,Icametoseethatalongwithourclosestlivingrelatives,whalestooaremastersofculturallearning,andelephantsexpressprofoundjoyandmourningwiththeirsocialcompanions.Long-termstudies…helpedtofuelaviewpointshiftinoursociety:
thepublicnolongersoeasilyacceptsmonkeysmadetoundergopainfulprocedurekinlaboratories,elephantsforcedtoperformincircuses,anddolphinskeptinsmalltanksatthemeparks.”可知,数十年前,作者坚信猴子和猩猩在思考能力和情感上都胜过其他的动物。
很快,作者就意识到除了猴子和猩猩,鲸鱼也是文化学习的主人,大象也表现出高兴等情感。
长期的研究也促进着我们社会观点的转变:
我们不再认为猴子只能是实验室里的实验对象,大象只能在马戏团里进行表演,海豚只能被养在主题公园狭小的池子里。
很明显,本段介绍的是人们对动物看法的转变。
故C选项正确。
(4)标题归纳题。
第一段提出:
科学开始拥抱原来被我们认为是二等公民的动物们(即:
我们对某些动物的看法正在发生变化)。
第二和第三段以母鸡和猪为例告诉读者:
通过科学研究,母鸡和猪也具备情感,也具备分析推理能力。
第四段介绍了人们对动物看法的转变。
第五和第六段呼吁读者:
动物有自己的情感和思想,我们不要只将动物当成我们的食物。
结合每段大意可知,该文主要是围绕动物也有情感有思想来展开的。
故A选项适合做该文标题。
【点评】文章标题解题技巧:
(1)要在阅读原文的基础上,仔细考虑这句话或短语与文章主题是否有密切的联系;
(2)再看它对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何;(3)要注意题目是过大还是过小;(4)要避免下列三种错误:
①概括不够(多表现为部分代整体,从而导致范围太小);②过度概括(多表现为人为扩大范围);③以事实、细节替代抽象具体的大意。
3.阅读理解
ResortsofeverykindhavesprunguptocatertotheEnglishmanneedtospendapartoftheyear,howeverbriefly,bytheseaside.NotowninBritainismorethaneightymilesfromtheseaandthereareseasideresortsallaroundthecoast.OnasummerSundaymostoftheroadsthatleadtotheseaaxecongestedwithcarsfullofpeopleeagertogetabreathofseaair.Intheeveningwheneveryoneisfulloffood,ice-creamandlollypops,thereisthelongslowdrivehomeonroadscrowdedwithreturningcars.
Brighton
Brightonisoneofthebest-knownsouthcoastresortsandisverypopularfordaytripexcursions.Itis
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 英语 阅读 理解 解题 技巧 练习题