届高三新高考适应性考试专项训练阅读理解二.docx
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届高三新高考适应性考试专项训练阅读理解二.docx
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届高三新高考适应性考试专项训练阅读理解二
2021届高三新高考适应性考试专项训练阅读理解
(二)
————编写者:
2021届高三英语备课组
A
ContributorstoReader'sDigest
NicholasHune-Brown
Writer,Toronto
“FightofHisLife”
Hune-BrownisaNationalMagazineAwardwinningwriterwhoseworkhasbeenpublishedinTorontoLife,TheWalrus,HazlittandTheGuardian.He'salsothesenioreditoratTheLocal,amagazinefocusedonlong-formstoriesabouthealthandsocialissuesinToronto.ReadhisstoryaboutaCOVID-19patient'sincrediblefightforsurvivalonpage114.
JarredBriggs
Artist,PlasterRock,N.B.
“BewareWinterRays”
Briggs'sfavoritepartaboutbeinganartistiscomingupwithcleverconceptualdrawings—helivesforthemomentwhenallthepiecesofthepuzzlebegintofittogether.Whenhe'snotdrawing,Briggslovesreadingscience-fictionnovels,beingoutdoorsandspendingtimewithhisthreedogs.Takealookathislatestworkonpage18.
MeganMurphy
Writer,Peterborough,Ont.
“HomefortheHolidays”
Murphy'sloveaffairswithwritingbeganatayoungagewithnightlywords“Deardiary”.Alsoanactor,Murphyco-createdashowthisyearcalledTheVerandahSociety,inwhichsheandamusicianfriendAnnaWalkertraveltopeople'shomesandsharemusicandstories.ReadherhumoroustaleofachildhoodChristmasceremonyonpage26.
1.WhatdoesJarredBriggslikebestabouthisjob?
A.Workingoutpuzzles.B.Readingscience-fictionnovels.
C.Thinkingupsatisfyingdrawings.D.Writingstoriesaboutsocialissues.
2.Whodevelopedaninterestinwritingatayoungage?
A.NicholasHune-Brown.B.JarredBriggs.C.AnnaWalker.D.MeganMurphy.
3.Whatcanyoulearnfromthetext?
A.ItrecommendssomeworksofReadersDigest.
B.Itintroducessenioreditorsofpopularmagazines.
C.NicholasHune-BrownisaCOVID-19survivor.
D.TheVerandahSocietyisaboutaChristmasceremony.
B
Forcenturies,peoplehavekeptlargeamountsofcashathomeduringdifficulttimes.Butduringthecoronaviruscrisis,thingsaredifferent.Metalcoinsandpaperbillscanbeasourceofworryratherthanhope.
Thefearisthattheseobjects,possiblytouchedbythousandsofpeople,couldprovideawayforthecoronavirustospread.Publicofficialsandhealthexpertshavesaidthattheriskissmall.Still,somebusinessesrefusetoacceptcashandsomecountrieshavesuggestedthattheircitizensshouldstopusingitaltogether.
ZacharyCohleisaneconomicsprofessoratQuinnipiacUniversityinConnecticut.“Inmanyareas,cashwasalreadybeginningtodisappearduetotheincreasedriskofrobbery,theeaseofInternetordering,andtheubiquityofcellphones,”hesaid.“Sweden,Finland,Norway,Canadaandothershaveslowlyreducedcashusetothepointwhereusingitinlargeamountsseemsunusual.BritainandAustraliaareexpectedtobecomecashlesscountries.AndinChina,cashusehasdroppedaselectronicpaymentserviceshaveincreasedinpopularityoverthepastdecade.”
“CashistFesch”isacommonsayinginAustriaandsouthernGermany.Thewordsmeancashisbeautiful.Butsincethevirusoutbreak,shopsthathaveremainedopenthere,likegrocerystores,haveencouragedpeopletopaywithcards.AndGermany’scentralbanksaid43percentofGermansrecentlypaidforgoodsandserviceswithacard.TheBankofJapanestimatesthatcashmakesupfor53percentofhouseholdassets.Butthethreatofthecoronaviruscouldmovethecountrytowardgoingcashless,saidHirokiMaruyama,headofthenonprofitFintechAssociationofJapan.Headded,“Thecultureisslowlychanging.”
However,cashuseisstillcommoninplaceslikeWestandCentralAfrica.SomeexpertssaythattheworldwillnotbecashlessuntileveryoneandeverycountryhasreliableaccesstotheInternet.
4.Whyiscashregardedasasourceofworry?
A.Cashmaycarryvirusesafterbeingused.B.Somecountriesrefusetoacceptcash.
C.It’sriskytokeepalotofcashathome.D.Cashcan’tbeusedduringthecrisis.
5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?
A.Thedisadvantagesofpayingincash.B.Theintroductiontocashlesscountries.
C.Thepresentsituationofcashuseworldwide.D.Theincreasingpopularityofelectronicpayment.
6.WhatdoweknowfromtheexampleofGermanyandJapan?
A.ShopsinGermanyonlytakecashbecauseit’sbeautiful.
B.LessthanhalfoftheGermansstillliketopaygoodsincash.
C.MorethanhalfoftheJapaneseprefertoputcashinthebank.
D.TheJapanesearechangingtheirtraditionalattitudestocash.
7.Whyisitimpossiblefortheworldtobecashlessaccordingtothepassage?
A.Theviruscrisiswilllastforalongtime.
B.Thehabitofpayingincashishardtochange.
C.TheInternetisnotavailableinallthecountries.
D.PeopleinAfricacan’taffordthebankingservices.
C
Mostkidscanwalkintoalibraryorbookstoreandfindhundredsofbookstoread.Butit’snotthatsimpleforkidswhoareblind.Theyreadinadifferentway.JennyLeeandotherbraille(盲文)transcriberstaketheprintedwordsofabookandchangethemintoacodeofraiseddots.Blindpeoplecanreadthesedotswiththeirfingers.Toknowwhatbraillefeelslike,takeaballpointpenandpresshardontoapieceofpaper.Nowturnthepaperoverandtouchtheraiseddotmadebythepenpoint.
WhenLeefirstsawthedotsofthebraillealphabet,shewonderedifshe’deverbeabletoreadandwritethemeasily.Shetookaclassandpractisedhardforaboutsixmonthsbeforeshepassedthefinalexam:
shehadtoconvert35pagesofabookintobraille.Today,Leeworksforapublisher.Oneofherjobsistochangechildren’sbooksintobraille.
Todothis,Leefirsttypesthestoryintoacomputerandthenusesacomputerprogramtotranslateitintothebraillecode.Next,shelooksoverthetranslationseveraltimestomakesureit’smistake-free.Afterthat,acopyofthebraillestoryisprintedwithaspecialprinter.ThenLeeandaproofreaderworktogethertofindandcorrectanymistakes.Whenabookisready,manycopiesofitareprinted.Afterwards,somearesoldthroughwebsitesandothersaresenttolibraries.
Sometimes,goingoverastoryagainandagaingetstiring.That’swhenLeetakesabreak.SeveralofJennyLee’sco-workers,whoareblind,useguidedogs.Whentheanimalsaren’tworking,Leelikesspendingafewminuteswiththem.Toher,playingwithdogs“isalwaysapick-me-upinthemiddleoftheday”.
“Ilovethismission,”Leesays.“Throughmybrainpowerandmyfingers,Iamputtingthedotsintosomekid’shands.”
8.Howdoesthewriterexplainwhatbraillefeelslike?
A.Byexplainingwhatbraillewordslooklike.B.Bydescribinghowblindpeoplereadbooks.
C.Byaskingreaderstoexperienceitthemselves.D.Bygivingexamplesofdifferentbraillewords.
9.WhatwasLee’sfirstreactiontobraille?
A.Shewasexcitedtogetanewskill.B.Shewasamazedatthecleveridea.
C.Sherealizedshecouldteachitherself.D.Shebelieveditwouldbedifficulttolearn.
10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pick-me-up”inparagraph4mostprobablymean?
A.Adiscussiontoreleaseworkstress.B.Somethingtoimproveone’sappetite.
C.Somethingtohelprestoreone’sspirit.D.Afreerideaccompaniedwithaguidedog.
11.WhatdoesLeethinkofherjob?
A.Profitableandhopeful.B.Tiringbutmeaningful.
C.Relaxingandhelpful.D.Boringbutchallenging.
D
Manypeoplebelievethatthereisoneformoftheirlanguagethatismorecorrectthanothers.TheymaybelieveforexamplethatBritishEnglishismorecorrectthanothervarieties;orthatwrittenEnglishismorecorrectthanspokenEnglish.Oftenthisbeliefissupportedbyreferencebookstogrammars,usageguidesordictionaries:
Ifsomethinggoesagainstaruleinagrammar,orifthewordisn’tinthedictionary,it“mustbewrong”.Sincethereferencebooksaremostoftenbasedonobservationofthestandardwrittenlanguage,theargumentisreallycircular:
Thesebookswillnaturallydescribestandardusage,becausethatiswhattheyarefor;butthisdoesnotmeanthatthereisanythingwrongwithotherkindsofusagethatarelessoftendescribed.
Abetterwayoflookingatthingsistosaythatusageis“correctinitsplace”.StandardAmericanEnglishiscorrectinAmerica,andformalwrittengrammarisemployedinformalwriting.Sothismeansthereisnoanswertothequestion:
“WhatkindofEnglishshouldlearnersstudy?
”Itdependsontheirpurposes.Formanylearners,thebestmodelisoneorotherofthetwomainstandardvarieties:
BritishorAmericanEnglish.Neitheroftheseis“better”thantheother,andtheyarebothusedandunderstoodworldwide.
Peoplearealsoworriedbylanguagechange.Ifyoungerpeople“break”therulesthatolderpeoplehavelearnt,olderpeopleoftenfeeldisturbed:
theyareconcernedthatyoungerpeoplenolongerknowtheirgrammar,andthatthelanguageisgoingdownhill.Thisisaneedlessworry:
changeisnaturalandinevitable,itcannotbestopped,anditdoesnotgenerallyaffectalanguagesefficiencyasacommunicativetool.AgreatdealofmodemEnglishgrammarwouldhavebeenwrongthreehundredyearsago,andwillperhapsbewrongagainthreehundredyearsfromnow.
12.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph1?
A.Learnersarealwaysconfusedbythereferencebooks.
B.Somewrongusagescanbefoundinthereferencebooks.
C.Nobodycanchallengetheauthorityofthereferencebooks.
D.Usagesnotmentionedinthereferencebooksarenotnecessarilywrong.
13.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?
A.Thereisno“standardEnglish”.B.AmericanEnglishisbetterthanBritishEnglish.
C.AlearnershouldmasterallthedistinctionsofdifferentEnglish.
D.ThedifferencesbetweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.
14.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“inevitable”inparagraph3?
A.Avoidable.B.Formal.C.Certain
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