高一英语上册单元同步调研测试题7.docx
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高一英语上册单元同步调研测试题7.docx
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高一英语上册单元同步调研测试题7
Unit4 Astronomy:
thescienceofthestars
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Strenuousexercisecanoftendomore________(有害)thangood.
2.Opportunities________(存在)inourcompanyforexperiencedengineers.
3.Whathesaid________(使困惑)me.
4.Therewasashortageof________(氧气)atthetopofthemountain.
5.The________(氛围)overdinnerwaswarmandfriendly.
6.Waterwasf________tothedevelopmentoflife.
7.Thiskindofplantm________veryquicklyinwarmweather.
8.Thesocials________needstobeimproved.
9.Ifyouareright,mym________willbelessthanontheearthbecausethemoonissmallerandIwillbeabletomovemorefreely.
10.V________crimeisonlyoneofthemaladiesaffectingmodernsociety.
答案:
1.harm 2.exist 3.puzzled 4.oxygen 5.atmosphere
6.fundamental 7.multiplies 8.system 9.mass 10.Violent
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.既然已做完了作业,你可以去玩会足球休息一下。
________________you'vefinishedyourhomework,youcangoandplayfootballtohavearest.
2.没有什么可以阻止我爱她。
Nothingonearthcan________me________lovingher.
3.努力干好你的工作,你一定会成功的。
Doyourbestinyourcareer,andyou'llsucceed________________.
4.甲型流感今年在全球多个国家爆发。
H1N1flu________________inmanycountriesallovertheworldthisyear.
5.给玛丽打个电话,她需要鼓励。
GiveMaryacall;sheneeds________________.
答案:
1.Nowthat 2.prevent;from 3.intime 4.brokeout 5.cheeringup
Ⅲ.单项填空
1.Noticingsomebrokentoys______onthefloor,Ipickedthemupand________themonthechair,soIwasn't________.
A.lay;lay;lying B.lying;lay;lying
C.laid;laid;layingD.lying;laid;lying
答案:
D 本题考查易混词lie,lay的用法辨析。
句意:
看到地上有一些弄坏的玩具,我把它们捡起来,放在椅子上,因此我一直没有躺着(睡觉)。
第一空用lie(躺)的现在分词作补语;第二空为lay(放下)的过去式laid,与picked并列作谓语;第三空用lie的现在分词,与be一起构成过去进行时。
2.Thegirllookedatmewitha______expression.Maybetheproblemwasquite______.
A.puzzled;puzzlingB.puzzling;puzzled
C.puzzled;puzzledD.puzzling;puzzling
答案:
A 本题考查puzzle的用法。
句意:
这个女孩满脸迷惑地看着我。
也许那个问题很让人迷惑。
puzzled“迷惑的”,可修饰人,也可修饰expression,look等;puzzling“令人迷惑的,让人费解的”,常用来说明事物。
3.Theymanagedto________theoldbuildingstowidenthestreetandbeautifythecity.
A.breakdownB.pulldown
C.putdownD.burndown
答案:
B 本题考查动词短语辨析。
句意:
为了加宽街道、美化城市,他们已设法拆除了那些旧楼。
pulldown“拆毁,推翻”,符合语境。
breakdown“分解,中止”;putdown“放下,镇压”;burndown“烧光,烧成平地”,均不符合句意。
4.—I'mthinkingoftomorrow'smathstest.I'mafraidIcan'tpassit.
—________.I'msureyou'llmakeit.
A.NoproblemB.Goodluck
C.GiveupD.Cheerup
答案:
D 本题考查交际用语。
从上句可知,说话人“担心明天数学考试不及格”;而从答语人的“I'msureyou'llmakeit.(我相信你会成功的)”可推测,是在鼓励对方,故用cheerup“振作起来,高兴起来”。
noproblem“没问题”;goodluck“祝你好运”;giveup“放弃”,都不符合语境。
5.Ican'thelp________thecleaning________I'mbusymakingsomedumplingsnow.
A.doing;becauseB.todo;nowthat
C.doing;sinceD.todo;therefore
答案:
B 本题考查非谓语动词及连词的用法。
本题很容易误选A,误认为是can'thelp后就跟动名词。
句意:
我不能帮助大扫除,因为我现在正忙着包饺子。
从I'mbusymakingsomedumplingsnow来看,此处help应为“帮助”,can'thelp(to)dosth.表示“不能帮助做某事”;nowthat意为“既然”,表示原因。
6.Thestudyshowsthatthe________scenesinmoviesandTVareharmful________children.
A.cheerful;forB.violent;to
C.disappointing;forD.touching;for
答案:
B 本题考查形容词辨析及介词用法。
violent“暴力的”,violentscenes“暴力场景”;beharmfulto...意为“对……有害”。
7.Somepolicemenweresentthereto________thevillagers________thetrees.
A.keep;cuttingdownB.prevent;cuttingdown
C.prevent;tocutupD.stop;tocutup
答案:
B prevent/stop...(from)doingsth.表示“阻止……做某事”,不能说prevent/stop...todosth.。
keep...fromdoingsth.也有“阻止……做某事”的意思,但from不能省略。
8.Fortunately,Iwasjust________tocatchthelastbustothehotel.
A.attimesB.about
C.intimeD.toolate
答案:
C 句意:
很幸运,我及时赶上了去宾馆的最后一班车。
intime“及时”,作表语。
attimes“有时”;beabouttodo表示“就要做……”;toolate“太晚了”,均与题意不符。
9.—Whatdidshewanttoknow,Tom?
—Shewondered________wecouldcompletetheexperiment.
A.whenwasitB.itwaswhenthat
C.whenwasitD.whenitwasthat
答案:
D 本题考查从句的语序及强调句。
wonder后跟连接副词when引导的宾语从句,用陈述句语序;该从句使用了强调句式。
10.________!
Don'tgettooclosetothebuildingofwhichwallsarebeingpainted.
A.GetalongB.Comeon
C.WatchoutD.Setoff
答案:
C 考查短语辨析。
句意:
当心!
不要太靠近那座建筑物,它的墙正在被刷漆。
watchout在这里用来提醒别人注意。
getalong“进展,相处”;comeon“加油”;setoff“动身,出发”。
11.Thedoctorhadalmostlosthopeatonepointbutthepatientfinally________.
A.pulledthroughB.pulledover
C.pulledupD.pulledout
答案:
A pullthrough“康复,痊愈”,符合语境。
pullover“把车开到路边,靠岸”;pullup“停车;停止”;pullout“驶出,退出”。
12.EarlyinApril,thisyearsomeexpertsindicatedthatH1N1would________thiswinter.
A.breakdownB.breakout
C.breakupD.breakoff
答案:
B 句意:
今年四月,一些专家预测甲流会在今冬爆发。
breakout“发生”;breakdown“(机器等)坏了,(谈判等)失败,分解”;breakup“解散,分裂,解体,打碎”;breakoff“折断”。
13.Theyoungdancerslooksocharmingintheirbeautifulclothesthatwetook________picturesofthem.
A.manyofB.massesof
C.thenumberofD.alargeamountof
答案:
B 句中的them指上文的youngdancers;若用manyof指“照片中的许多”,不合题意,应该用many;massesof“大量的”,可接可数名词复数或不可数名词;thenumberof指“……的数目”;alargeamountof“大量的”,只接不可数名词。
14.Thenewbridgeis________theonebuiltlastyear.
A.threetimesaswiderasB.threetimesthewidthof
C.threetimesthewidthD.asthreetimesas
答案:
B 考查倍数表达法。
A项wider应改为wide;C项width后应加of。
15.Sometimeshefound________veryhardtofallasleepatnight,sohewenttoseethedoctor.
A.himB.this
C.thatD.it
答案:
D 句意:
他发现晚上有时候很难入睡,于是他就去看医生了。
it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是tofallasleepatnight。
其他选项都不能作形式宾语。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
(2011·江西)
Whyshouldmankindexplorespace?
Whyshouldmoney,timeandeffortbespentexploringandresearchingsomethingwithsofewapparentbenefits?
WhyshouldresourcesbespentonspaceratherthanonconditionsandpeopleonEarth?
Thesearequestionsthat,understandably,areveryoftenasked.
Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourgeneticmakeup(基因构成)ashumanbeings.Whatdroveourancestorstomovefromthetreesintotheplains,andonintoallpossibleareasandenvironments?
Thewiderthespreadofaspecies,thebetteritschanceofsurvival.Perhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthisgenetictendencytoexpandwhereverpossible.
Nearlyeverysuccessfulcivilizationhasexplored,becausebydoingso,anydangersinsurroundingareascanbeidentifiedandpreparedfor.Withoutknowledge,wemaybecompletelydestroyedbythedanger.Withknowledge,wecanlessenitseffects.
Explorationalsoallowsmineralsandotherpotential(潜在的)resourcestobefound.Evenifwehavenoimmediateneedofthem,theywillperhapsbeusefullater.Resourcesmaybemorethanphysicalpossessions.Knowledgeortechniqueshavebeenacquiredthroughexploration.Thetechniquesmayhavemedicalapplicationswhichcanimprovethelengthorqualityofourlives.Wehavealreadybenefitedfromotherspinoffsincludingimprovementsinearthquakeprediction,insatellitesforweatherforecastingandincommunicationssystems.Evennonstickpansandmirroredsunglassesarebyproducts(副产品)oftechnologicaldevelopmentsinthespaceindustry!
Whilemanyresourcesarespentonwhatseemsasmallreturn,theexplorationofspaceallowscreative,braveandintelligentmembersofourspeciestofocusonwhatmayservetosaveus.Whilespacemayholdmanywondersandexplanationsofhowtheuniversewasformedorhowitworks,italsoholdsdangers.Thedangerexists,butknowledgecanhelphumanbeingstosurvive.Withouttheabilitytoreachoutacrossspace,thechancetosaveourselvesmightnotexist.
WhileEarthistheonlyplanetknowntosupportlife,surelytheadaptiveabilityofhumanswouldallowustoliveonotherplanets.Itistruethatthelifestylewouldbedifferent,buthumanlifeandcultureshaveadaptedinthepastandsurelycouldinthefuture.
文章大意:
本文是一篇议论文,向我们阐述了人类进行太空探索的原因。
人类的基因构成决定了人类探索其他领域包括太空的能力。
人类探索太空可能暂时没有多大用处,但是在将来这可能会帮助人类生存下去。
1.WhydoestheauthormentionthequestionsinParagraph1?
A.Toexpresshisdoubts.
B.Tocomparedifferentideas.
C.Tointroducepointsfordiscussion.
D.TodescribetheconditionsonEarth.
答案:
C 推理判断题。
作者在第一段提出问题目的是引出下面要讨论的话题。
2.WhatisthereasonforexploringspacebasedonParagraph2?
A.Humansarenatureborntodoso.
B.Humanshavethetendencytofight.
C.Humansmayfindnewsourcesoffood.
D.Humansdon'tliketostayinthesameplace.
答案:
A 细节理解题。
根据第二段的第一句可知人类探索太空的原因是其基因的构成。
3.Theunderlinedword“spinoffs”inParagraph4probablyrefersto________.
A.survivalchances
B.potentialresources
C.unexpectedbenefits
D.physicalpossessions
答案:
C 词义猜测题。
后面所说的“improvementsinearthquakeprediction,insatellitesforweatherforecastingandincommunicationssystems”可知此处的划线短语意为“益处,好处”。
4.Whatmakesitpossibleforhumanstoliveonotherplanets?
A.Ourgeneticmakeup.
B.Resourcesontheearth.
C.Theadaptiveabilityofhumans.
D.Byproductsinspaceexploration.
答案:
C 细节理解题。
根据最后一段的第一句话可知,人类的适应能力会让人类在其他星球生存下去。
5.Whichofthestatementscanbestsumupthepassage?
A.Spaceexplorationhascreatedmanywonders.
B.Spaceexplorationprovidesthebestvalueformoney.
C.Spaceexplorationcanbenefitscienceandtechnology.
D.SpaceexplorationmayhelpusavoidpotentialproblemsonEarth.
答案:
D 主旨大意题。
A、B两项可以容易地排除。
全文主要讲的是太空探索对帮助人类生存的益处,而不是对科技的益处。
B
Ifyourcellphonesuddenlystopsworking,don'tblametheserviceprovider.Themalfunction(故障)mighthavebeencausedbysomethingbigger—asolarstorm.Expertsexpectthattheearthwillseemoresolaractivitiesinthenearfuture.Themalfunctionofelectronicdevicesisjustoneoftheeffects.
Sunspots(太阳黑子)serveasanindicatorofthesun'sactivity.Forthepasttwoyears,sunspotshavemostlybeenmissing.Theirabsence,thelongestinnearly100years,hastakenevensunwatchersbysurprise.
Whenthenumberofsunspotsdropsattheendofeach11yearcycle,solarstormsdiedownandallbecomemuchcalmer.This“solarminimum”doesn'tlastlong.Withinayear,sunspotsandsolarstormsbegintobuildtowardanewcrescendo,_thenextsolarmaximum.
What'sspecialaboutthislatestcycleisthatthesunishavingtroublestartingthenextsolarcycle.
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