高中宾语从句教案及历年真题详解.docx

高中宾语从句教案及历年真题详解.docx

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高中宾语从句教案及历年真题详解

宾语从句

TheObjectClause

1.Iknowhim.（简单句）

主语谓语宾语

2.Iknowwhoheis.（复杂句）

主语谓语连词从句主语从句谓语

主句从句

3.宾语从句的概念：

宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语

4.句子结构：

主句+连词（引导词）+宾语从句

一、连词（引导词）

1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略

vLinTaofeels（that）hisownteamisevenbetter.

vShesays（that）shewon’ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.

vJimthought（that）thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.

vHesaid（that）hewouldliketoseetheheadmaster.

在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句

vI’msorry（that）Idon’tknow.

vWe’resure（that）ourteamwillwin.

vI’mafraid（that）hewon’tpasstheexam.

2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻译成：

“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略

vLilywantedtoknowif/whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag.

vLet’sseeif/whetherwecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.

vSheaskedmeif/whethershecouldborrowthesebooks.

3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what,who,whom,which,whose）或连接副词（when,where,how,why）引导，因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略

vDoyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?

vIdon’trememberwhenwearrived.

vIaskedhimwhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney.

vPleasetellmewho（whom）wehavetosee.

vDoyouknowwhattimetheplaneleaves?

带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句

vCouldyoutellushowmuchitcoststoflytoHainan?

vCouldyoutellushowoftenyougoabroadforaholiday?

Couldyoutellushowlongthemeetingwilllast?

vIdon’tknowhowfaritistothecinema.

vPleasetellushowmanystudentsthereareinyourschool?

vCanyoutellushowoldhisbrotheris?

Pleasetellushowsoonyouwillbeready.

二、时态

1.如果主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过

v去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）Iknowheliveshere.

vIknowhelivedheretenyearsago.

vIhaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.

2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）

vIknewwholivedhere.

vIsawshewastalkingwithhermother.

vHeaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.

vHesaidthathehadseenit.

3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时。

vTheteachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth.

三、语序

宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：

连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分

1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?

Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.

Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.

2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?

Idon’tknowwhathewantstobuy.

Idon’tknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.

3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?

Canyoutellmewhowearegoingtomeet?

Canyoutellmewhoarewegoingtomeet?

4.DoesheknowFrench?

Wewanttoknowif/whetherheknowsFrench.

Wewanttoknowif/whetherdoesheknowFrench.

5.WilltheygotoCanadainsummer?

They’renotsureif/whethertheywillgotoCanadainsummer.

They’renotsureif/whetherwilltheygotoCanadainsummer.

1.DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?

Doyouknow?

Doyouknowif/whetherthestudentshadapicniclastSunday?

2.Mr.SmithhavebeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.JimtoldLinTao.

JimtoldLinTao（that）Mr.SmithhadbeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.

3.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?

Pleasetellme.

PleasetellmewhichbookIshouldreadfirst.

4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteachertoldusinyesterday’sclass.

Ourteachertoldus（that）lighttravelsfasterthansoundinyesterday’sclass.

注意事项

1．could/would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。

vCouldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets?

vCouldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?

vWouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?

2.如果主句的谓语动词是ask时，连词不可能是that；如果主句的谓语动词是say时，连词用that

vShesays（that）shewillleaveamessageon

hisdesk.

vHesaid（that）hewasgoingtotakecareof

thechild.

vHeasksifIlikeplayingthepiano.

vYoumayaskthemanovertherehowyoucangettothebusstation.

3.如果从句中含有or或ornot时，只能用whether而不用if

vCouldyoutellmewhetherthat’safasttrainornot?

vDoyouknowwhetherheisrightornot?

vIdon’tcarewhetherhe’llstayhereornot.

4.连词if和when在不同从句中的区别：

Doyouknowif______backnextweek?

Ifhe______back,pleaseletmeknow.

A.hecomes,willcomeB.willhecome,comes

C.hewillcome,comesD.hewillcome,willcome

主句

从句

一般将来时

一般现在时

祈使句

含有情态动词

1.Idon’tknowwhenhe_________（come）.

2.Ican’twaithereanymore.Whenhe_______（come）,

3.Wouldyoupleaseaskhim（call）me?

5.连词+宾语从句连词+todo

vIdon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.

vIdon’tknowwhattodonext.

vShedidn’tdecidewhichoneshewouldchoose.

vShedidn’tdecidewhichonetochoose.

vPleasetellmewhomyou’llgivetheletterto.

vPleasetellmewhomtogivetheletterto.

一.选择。

1. Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.

A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether

2.  Wedon'tknow______theydidit.

A.howB.whoC.whatD.which

3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontime.

A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime

4.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.

A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that

5.Iwonder_______heiscryingnow.

A.thatB.whyC.howD.when

6.Haveyoufoundout______wecandoonHainanIsland?

A.whatB.howC.ifD.whether

7.Lilysaid_______shehadfinishedhercomposition.

A.ifB.thatC.whenD.where

8.Idon’tknow______hestillliveshere.

A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whether

9.Couldyoushowme________?

A.howcanIgettothestation

B.whereisthestation

C.howIcouldgettothestation

D.howIcanreachthestation

10.Pleasetellme_______.

A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslike

C.whathelikesD.whathelike

11.Mysistertoldhim________.

A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrived

C.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyoulive

12.Couldyoutellmewherewe_______nextweek.

A.wouldgoB.togo

C.hadtogoD.willgo

13.Couldyoutellmehowmuch________toflytoHainan?

A.doitcostB.doesitcost

C.itcostD.itcosts

14.Thesmallchildrendon'tknow______.

A.whatistheirstockingsin

B.whatisintheirstockings

C.whereistheirstockingsin

D.whatintheirstockings

.15.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.

A.whoisheB.whoheis

C.whoisitD.whoitis

16.Couldyoutellmehowlong__________?

A.youhaveboughtthewatch

B.youhavekeptthissciencebook

C.haveyoubeenawayfromChina

D.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina

17Hesaysthatifit_______tomorrow,he_______fishing.

A.willrain,won'tgoB.rained,wasn'tgo

C.rains,won'tgoD.rain,willgo

二、正确形式填空。

1.Couldyoutellmeifthey_____________（work）inthefactorysofar.

2.Didyourparentstellyouthatthesun_______（rise）ineast?

3.-----What______he_____（say）justnow?

I____________（notcanhear）him.

-----He_______（say）thathe________（plant）treeswithhisparentsyesterday.

4.Canyoutellmewhen________（leave）tomorrow?

5.Didhesaythattheirparents__________

（come）heretomorrow.

6.Hetoldmetwoweeks_______（be）enough.

7.Theteachertoldusthatthesun______（be）biggerthanthemoon.

8.IthinkI_______________（tell）youwhat_______（do）next.Don'tjuststayhere!

9.A:

Whatareyoustandingherefor?

B:

I’mwaitingheretoaskMr.Johnsonifhe________（give）usatalkonAmericanhistory.Ifhe_______（have）notime,I’llaskMr.Smithinstead.

10.A:

DoyouknowwhenMr.Green________（come）toseeusnextmonth?

B:

Don'tworry.I_______（tell）youwhenhereally_______（come）here.

Key:

1-8DABCDABD

DCBDDBDBC

1.haveworked

2.rises

3.didsay.couldn’thearsaidplanted

4.toleave

5.wouldcome

6.was

7..is

8.willtell/havetold

9.willgivehas

10.willcomewilltellcomes

例1　Acomputercanonlydo _____youhaveinstructedittodo.

A.how  B.after　　　　C.what      D.when

例2　Marywroteanarticleon_____theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.

A.why       B.what　　　　　C.who  　　D.that

例3　Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor________hethoughtwasnotenough.

A.where     B.how　　　　　C.what      D.which

例4　Thewayhediditwasdifferent________wewereusedto.

A.inwhich  B.inwhat     C.fromwhat 　D.fromwhich

例5　Hespokeproudlyofhispartinthegame,withoutmentioning_____histeammateshaddone.

A.what      B.which　　　　　C.why       D.while

二、语序

　　以从属连词（if，whether）、连接代词（what，which，who，whose）和连接副词（when，where，how，why）等引导的宾语从句用陈述句语序。

例6　Noonecanbesure______inamillionyears.

A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklike

C.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike

例7　Thebosswentuptoask_____.

A.whatthematterwas　B.what’sthematterC.whatwasthematter　D.whatthematteris

三、时态

　　宾语从句的时态要和主句相呼应:

1.如果主句谓语动词是现在时或将来时，从句谓语动词时态可不受约束；

2.如果主句谓语动词是过去时，从句谓语动词的时态须与之呼应；

Eg.Ithoughthehadgonetotowntoday.

3.当从句叙述的是客观真理时，其谓语动词仍用现在时态。

如：

Eg.Galileoinsistedthattheearthmovesroundthesun.

例8　Themanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnfourfifthsofthetickets________.

A.wasbookedB.hadbeenbookedC.werebookedD.havebeenbooked

例9　Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe_____officesoon.

A.leavesB.wouldleave　　　　C.hadleftD.hadbeenaway

例10　—Doyouworkinthelabeveryafternoon?

—No,butsometimesIwishI_________.

A.havetimeB.hadtimetodoC.havetimetoD.hadtimeto

四、宾语从句的减缩式

　　宾语从句有时可减缩为“疑问词+不定式”的形式。

例11　I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat________inmynewjob.

A.expected     　B.toexpect　　　　C.tobeexpecting 　D.expects

例12　Itissa