视听说.docx
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视听说.docx
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视听说
Unit1
Task1:
Onthefirstday
(Voice-over:
Harrison meets Jenny before the first class.)
Harrison:
I’m Harrison. Good to meet you.
Jenny:
Good to meet you. I’m Jenny.
Harrison:
So, you’ve bought the books for this biology class.
Jenny:
Yeah, I think everyone had to before class started.
Harrison:
No. Usually no one does much on the first day because it’s still’ add-drop.
Jenny:
What’s that?
Harrison:
Changing from class to class to find out which is best.
Jenny:
Have you had this teacher before?
I’ve heard he is really good.
Harrison:
He’s good if you’re a hard worker. He expects a lot.
Jenny:
Oh, I guess that’s good. I hope I can keep up everyone else in the class. Maybe I need your help after class.
Harrison:
You’re welcome.
(Voice-over:
Jenny catches up with Harrison after the first class.)
Jenny:
Harrison, wait up!
Harrison:
So what do you think of the professor’s lecture?
Jenny:
I think about half of what he said went over my head.
Harrison:
Don’t worry. A lot of what he said is explained in the reading.
Jenny:
Hey, would you mind if I borrowed your notes tonight to look them over.
Harrison:
No problem. We don’t have class until Wednesday. Here you go.
Jenny:
Thanks. I just want to make sure I’m prepared for the seminar.
Harrison:
Yeah. Participation in the discussion is an important part of the education here.
Task2:
Howtoselectelectivecourses?
Consider these tips on elective courses and you’ll choose those that will serve you best.
Tobeginwith,youshouldselectthecoursesthatfityourprofession.It’sagoodideatochooseelectivecoursescloselyrelatedtoyourchosenprofession.Potentialemployerswillappreciateeverybitofextratrainingandknowledgethattheydon’thavetogiveyou.Forexample,youmayselectelectivecoursesinchemistry,biologyorevenphysicsifyouaredoingasciencemajor.Forbusinessmajors,selectelectivesinaccounting,businessadministration,andevencomputing,asyou’llneverknowwhenthesewillcomeinhandyinthecorporateworld.
Moreover,youcanchooseaneducationthatincludesmanyfieldsofstudy.Ifyouaretakingaheavyloadofcareer-relatedcourses,youmaypreferelectivesthatarenotdirectlyrelatedtoyourmajor.Ifyoureceiveawell-roundededucation,someemployersbelievethatyouhavebetterpotential.Forexample,ifyouhavecoursesinsciencealongwithyourbusinessdegree,youcouldpossiblywinajoboversomeonewhomajoredpurelyinbusinesswithnooutsideelectives.
Finally,youcanalsoselectachallengingelectivecourse.Partofgettinganeducationislearninghowtolearn,andelectivecoursesshouldhelpyouachievethisgoal.Youneednottomemorizealltheinformationfromeachclass,butyoushouldgetabetterunderstandingoftheworld.So,pickelectivecoursesthatchallengeyourbeliefsystemandmakeyoulookattheworldinadifferentway.Forinstance,youcanconsiderphilosophyelectiveifyouhavebeentoldthatyouarealittlenarrow-minded.
Task3:
HowtogetstraightA’s?
ItisinterestingtonotehostraightAstudentsachieveacademicexcellence.Here,accordingtoeducationalexpertsandstudentsthemselves,arethesecretsofsuper-achievers.
First,theyknowhowtosetpriorities.Topstudentsallownointrusionsontheirstudytime.Oncethebooksareopenorthecomputeristurnedon,phonecallsgounanswered,TVshowsunwatched,snacksignored.Studyisbusiness,andbusinesscomesbeforerecreation.
Also,goodstudentscanstudyanywhereandeverywhere.ClaudiaHill,anArizonaStateUniversitybusinessprofessorrecallsarunnerwhoworkedouteveryday.Hillpersuadedhimtousehissparetimetomemorizebiologyterms.Thenhepostedalistofbiologytermsonthemirrorinthebathroom.Helearnedafewtermseverydaywhilebrushinghisteeth.Eventually,hescoredhighinthefinalexamination.
Moreover,topstudentsscheduletheirtimewell.Studytimeisstrictlyamatterofpersonalpreference.Someworklateatnightwhenthehouseisquiet.Othersgetupearly.Stillothersstudyassoonastheycomehomefromschoolwhentheworkisfreshintheirminds.Allagreed,however,ontheneedforconsistency.Onestudentsaid,“WhateverIwasdoing,Imaintainedacertainperiodoftimeeverydayforstudying.”
Anotherimportantcharacteristicofsuper-achieversisthattheyknowhowtoread.AccordingtoabookentitledGettingStraightA’s,thesecretofgoodreadingistobe“anactivereader—onewhocontinuallyasksquestionsthatleadtoafullunderstandingoftheauthor’smessage”.
Unit2
Task1:
Weshouldhaveproperrespectfornature!
Martha:
Doyouthinkmostpeopleinyourculturerespectnature?
Ed:
Ithinkso.Um…morenowthanbefore.
Martha:
Whatdoyouthinkisthemostseriousenvironmentalproblemintheworldtoday?
Ed:
Today…Ithinkdamagetotheozonelayerisabigproblem,andanotherproblemispollutioninbigcitiesandthingslikethat
Martha:
Howdoyoulearnaboutenvironmentalproblems?
Ed:
Um…throughschool.Alotofclubspromoteenvironmentalsafety,andsomeTVprograms,too.Theytalkaboutenvironmentalsafetyandstufflikethat.
Martha:
Doyouthinkstudentsshouldlearnmoreabouttheenvironmentatschool?
Ed:
Ithinkso.So,astheygrowolder,theycanbemoreawareofalltheproblemsthataregoingon,andpreventmoreproblemsfromoccurring.
Martha:
Ifyoucouldcreateanewlawtohelptheenvironment,whatwoulditbe?
Ed:
Anewlawfortheenvironment?
Um…I’dprobablysaythatwhenpeoplethrowawaytheircigarettebutts,theyhavetothrowthemintothegarbagebin,notjustthrowthemeverywherebecauseit’sjustlitteringandIhatethat.Sotheyshouldbefinediftheythrowthemonthefloororontheground.
Martha:
That’sagoodidea.Whatdoyoupersonallydotohelpprotecttheenvironment?
Ed:
I’msoagainstlittering.Ineverlitter.IfIseesomebodylitter,Igetreallyangry.SoIalwaysthrowmytrashintothegarbagebin.
Task2:
Riverpollution
Ifyouseedeadfishfloatingontheriverornoticethatthewaterisdiscoloredandsmelly,youknowtheriverhasbeenpolluted,andtherearefourmainpossiblecausesforit.
First,fertilizer.Iflargeamountsoffertilizerorfarmwastedrainintoariver,theconcentrationsofnitrateandphosphateinthewaterincreaseconsiderably.Algaeusethesesubstancestogrowrapidly,turningthewatergreen.Thismassivegrowthofalgaeleadstothebacteria,whichquicklymultiply,usingupalltheoxygeninthewaterandthereforecausingthedeathoffish.
Second,industrialwaste.Factoriessometimesdischargechemicalwasteintorivers.Examplesofsuchpollutantsincludecyanide,lead,copper,andmercury.Thesesubstancesmayenterthewaterinsuchhighconcentrationsthatfishandotheranimalsarekilledimmediately.Sometimesthepollutantsenterthefoodchainandaccumulateuntiltheyreachtoxiclevels,eventuallykillingfishandotheranimals.
Third,oilpollution.Ifoilentersaslow-movingriver,itformsarainbow-coloredfilmovertheentiresurface,preventingoxygenfromenteringthewater.
Fourth,warmwater.Industryoftenuseswaterforcoolingprocesses,sometimesdischarginglargequantitiesofwarmwaterbackintorivers.Ahightemperatureofthewaterlowersthelevelofdissolvedoxygenandupsetsthebalanceoflifeinthewater.
Task3:
Curbingcarbonemissions
Althoughitisnotaneasytask,ChinaisstrivingtofulfillthepromisetocutitscarbondioxideemissionsperunitofGDPby40to45percentinthenext10years.
ZhangGuobao,DirectoroftheNationalEnergyAdministration,said,“Thegovernmentputsgreatemphasisonseekingharmoniousdevelopmentbetweencitiesandtheenvironment,andisreadjustingtheenergystructurebygivingprioritytothedevelopmentofcleanandlow-carbonenergies,includinghydroelectric,nuclear,wind,andsolarpower.”
Governmentauthoritieshaveclosedsmall,coal-firedplantswithatotalcapacityof60.06millionkilowattsinthepastfouryears.Thisyear’stargetofclosing10millionkilowattsofcapacitywillbeachievedbyAugust.
“Wehavepromisedtotheinternationalcommunitythat15percentofourpowerwillbegeneratedfromnon-fossilsourcesby2020,”DirectorZhangsaid.Atpresent,non-fossilenergyaccountforonly7.8percent.
Chinaismakingeffortstoincreasetheproportionofcleanenergyinitstotalenergyconsumption.StatisticsshowthatChinainvestedUS$34.6billion.Thus,Chinahasbecometheworldleaderingeneratingcleanenergy.Fiveyearsearlier,China’sinvestmentincleanenergywasonlyUS$2.5billion.
However,China’scarbonemissionreductiontargetcannotbeachievedeasily.Theshifttoalow-carboneconomymightbemetatacosttosociety.Forinstance,morethan400000peoplewerelaidoffasaresultoftheshutdownofsmallcoal-firedpowerplantsinthepastfouryears.ManystudiesindicatethattheefforttocurbgreenhousegasemissionsmaydelayChina’sdevelopment,affectpeople’sincome,andleadtounemployment.
Unit3
Task1:
CompetitioninAmerica
Alan:
Whatareyoureading,Eliza?
Eliza:
AnarticleonAmericancompetition.
Alan:
Competitioniseverywhere.Whysomuchfussaboutit,MissKnowledge?
Eliza:
Don’tmakefunofme.Accordingtotheauthor,competitionisespeciallyimportantinAmericanlife.They’retaughttocompetefromearlychildhood.Whenchildrenplaygames,theylearnhowtobeatothers.
Alan:
Andmanygirlswanttolookmoreattractivethanthegirlssittingnexttotheminclass.Doyouthinkthatway?
Eliza:
Don’tbesilly.Let’sgetbacktothepoint.Whenchildrenaregrowingup,theycompetewithoneanotherintheirstudies.
Alan:
Isn’tthatalsotrueofstudentsinothernations?
Asweallknow,manyAsians
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