大学英语综合教程教案Book 1 Unit 4.docx
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大学英语综合教程教案Book 1 Unit 4.docx
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大学英语综合教程教案Book1Unit4
BookOneUnitFour
NewWordsandExpressionsinTextA:
1.driveway:
n.住宅旁私家车道
2.mow:
I)v.[mau]cutdown(grassorgrain)withascytheoramechanicaldevice用长柄镰或机械装置割倒(草或谷物),割
---mowthegrass割草
---mowthelawn修剪草坪
II)n.干草堆,谷堆
3.comprehend:
vt.understandfully
4.lawn:
n.(c)草地,草坪
5.turnaway:
1)(+sb.)refusetohelp(sb.)ortoallow(sb.)toenteraplace拒绝帮助;不让…进入
---He’smysonafterall,Ican’tjustturnhimawaywhenheisintrouble.
---Thelecturehallwasalreadyfullandmanyofthestudentswereturnedaway.
2)(不及)turninadifferentdirectionsoasnottofacesb./sth.(使)转脸而不免对某人或某物,不理睬,拒绝看
---Sheturnedawayindisgust.她感到厌恶而把脸转开
---Youshouldn’tturnawayfromallyouroldfriends.
6.weed:
I)v.除去…的杂草;除草
---weedthegarden给花园除杂草
II)n.(u,以复数形式出现)杂草,野草
---Aweedygardenisonefullofweeds.
7.assume:
vt.1)suppose;takeastruebeforethereisproof;takeforgranted(在未证实前)假设;以为
---Iassumeyoualwaysgetupatthesametime.我想你总是在同一个时间起床。
---Heisnotsuchafoolasyouassumed(=supposed)himtobe.
2)takeup;undertake担任…的职务;承担
---assumenewduties担任新的职务
---assumeoffice就职
---assumethepresidency担任首相职务
---assumeresponsibility承担责任
---assumethedebts承担债务
3)takeuponsth.notgenuineorsincere假装,冒充
---assumealookofinnocence装作无辜的样子
---assumeanewname用新名字,用化名
8.compliment▲:
I)vt.(+sb.(onsth.))praise赞扬;称赞
---Icomplimentedhimonhisskill.
---DavidcomplimentedMaryonhernewjob.大卫祝贺玛丽找到新工作。
-→praisesb.forsth.
II)n.(c)1)anexpressionofpraise,admiration,orcongratulation赞美的言词或行为;恭维;称赞
---Theypaidhimahighcompliment.他们非常恭维他。
---fishforcompliments故意要别人说赞扬话
2)(pl)(formal)greetings问候;道贺;致意
---Extendmycomplimentstoyourparents.代我向你父母问好
---give/present/pay/sendone’scomplimentsto请向...致意/问候
9.workout:
1)(及)plan制定出,拟出,想出
---Iwillworkoutourschedule.
---workoutaplan/anewconstitution/asolution
---We’llleaveittothecommitteetoworkoutdetailsoftheplan.
---Maryworkedoutabeautifuldesignforasweater.
2)(及)understand;figureout理解,弄清,看出
---FinallyIworkedoutthattheparcelhadbeensenttoParisbymistake.
---Noonecanworkouthowthefirestarted.
---Ican’tworkoutthemeaningofthispoem.
3)(不及)solve;be,turnoutintheend解决,结果为,进行情况良好
---Thingswillworkoutifyouwilljustbepatient.
---Ifthetrafficplanworksout,itwillbeusedinothercitiestoo.
4)calculate算出,估计出,解(题)
---workouttheproblem
---Mymotherallowedmetotakethetrip,butaskedmetoworkoutthetotalcostfirst.
10.weekly:
I)a.happeningonceaweekoreveryweek每周的;一周一次的
---Hisstorywaspublishedinaweeklynewspaper21stCenturyEnglish.
---weeklywage周工资
II)adv.一星期一次,每周地
III)n.周刊,周报
---Publishers'Weekly[美]出版商周刊
11.cleanup:
(及)1)makecleanandtidy打扫,清除
---I’llgoshoppingwithyouassoonasI’vecleanedupthekitchen.
---Ihatecleaningupafteraparty.
2)getridofcriminalandimmoralelements,etc.清除罪犯和不道德分子等,整顿
---Themajorhasdecidedtocleanupthecity.(e.g.endcorruption,etc.)市长已决定要整顿市政(如清除贪污等)
12.helpful:
a.givinghelp;usefulmakingasituationbetteroreasier;alwayswillingtohelppeople有帮助的;有用的
---Sometimesitishelpfultomakealistofeverythingyouhavetodo.
---Anyinformationwouldbehelpfulindeterminingwhathappenedtoher.
---Sheissuchapleasantandhelpfulchild.
13.dowith:
1)(usedinquestionswithwhat)dealwith(怎样)对待处理,办(译法较活)
---Whatdoyoudowithsuchrudeboys?
---Whatarewegoingtodowiththehugerocklyinginthemiddleoftheroad?
---IcannotrememberwhatIdidwithmypurse/hisletter.
2)(前面与could,can连用)需要,想要
---Icoulddowithacupoftea/awash.
3)(前面与could,can连用)有…就行了,凑合用
---You’llhavetodowithwhatyou’vegot;thereisn’tanymore.
4)(和can’t连用)受不了,不能,不便
---Ican’tdowithherillness/histemper/loudmusic.
---Ican’tdowithvisitorsthisweek,aswe’vegotdecoratorsinthehouse.
5)(和haveto连用)有关系,有联系
---Hehastodowithallsortsofpeople.
---Herjobhastodowithtelephones.
---havesth.todowith和…有关系
---havenothingtodowith和…没有关系
14.determination:
n.(u)(+infinitivetodo)theabilitytocontinuetryingtoachievewhatyouhavedecidedtodoevenwhenthisisdifficult决心;决定;坚决,执著
---Heshowedgreatdeterminationbycontinuingtoplayafterhurtinghisfoot.
---Herdeterminationtodowellmadeherkeeponstudying.
determine:
vt.,vi.1)(+todosth.;+on/uponsth.)decidefirmly,resolve,makeupone’smind下决心,决定
---Hehasdeterminedtoprove/onprovinghisfriend’sinnocence.
---Wedeterminedtostartearly/determinedonanearlystart.
✓bedeterminedtodo
determined:
坚决的,毅然的,决意的
---adeterminedwoman
---inadeterminedmanner决然
---adeterminedlook坚决的表情
2)decide;fixprecisely确定
---determinethemeaningofaword
---determineadateforameeting
15.personnel:
n.1)(u)(usedwithasingularorpluralverb)thedepartmentinalargecompanyororganizationthatdealswithemployees,keepstheirrecords,andhelpswithanyproblemtheymighthave;humanresources人事部门
---Personnelhas/havereceivedyourapplicationform.
---HerfirstjobaftergraduationwasinPersonnelatMicrosoft.
2)(usedwithapluralverb)allthepersonsworkinginanorganization,inthearmy,etc.全体人员,全体职员
---Allpersonnelinthiscompanyareentitledtomedicalinsurance.
---Amodernarmyneedshighlyskilledpersonnel.
16.apprentice:
n.学徒
17.capacity:
n.1)(u,可接a)(+for;+infinitivetodo)theabilitytounderstandordosth.能力,才能,理解力,学习力
---Noteveryonehasacapacityforlanguages.
---Thosemathproblemswerebeyondmycapacity.
---Idon’tthinkit’swithinafive-year-oldboy’scapacitytospreadcomputerviruses.
---Hehasamindofgreatcapacity.(amindwellabletograspideas他的理解力极强
2)(u,可接a)abilitytohold,contain,getholdof容纳力,能量,容量
---Thehallhasaseatingcapacityof500.(hasseatsfor500people)
---Thetheatrewasfilledtocapacity.(wasquitefull)剧院客满
18.micrometer:
n.测微计,千分尺
19.precision:
n.thequalityofbeingexact精密;精确(性)
20.turndown:
(sb./ath.)refusetoconsider(anoffer,aproposal,orthepersonwhomakesit)拒绝(提议,建议,提议的人)
---Hewasofferedthejobbutheturneditdownbecauseitinvolvedtoomuchtraveling.
---Look,Iamofferingyouafreemeal—youaresurelynotgoingtoturnmedown?
21.graduate:
I)v.(+from)grantorbegrantedanacademicdegreeordiploma:
(使)毕业(获得毕业证书被授予学位或毕业证书),(使)毕业
---HegraduatedinhistoryfromanAmericancollege.
他毕业于一所美国学院的历史专业。
---Hegraduatedwithhonors.他以优异成绩毕业。
---Theuniversitymustgraduatemoresciencestudents.
该大学要有更多的理科学生毕业。
---Hewas[hasbeen]graduatedfromOxfordintheclassof1978.
他是牛津大学1978届毕业生。
II)n.(c)onewhohasreceivedanacademicdegreeordiploma毕业生(得到学位或毕业证书的人),(尤指大学)毕业生
---highschoolgraduate[美]高中毕业生
---agraduateofacollege大学毕业生,研究生
---agraduatestudent研究生
III)adj.1)possessinganacademicdegreeordiploma毕业了的,持有学位或毕业证书的
2)of,intendedfor,orrelatingtostudiesbeyondabachelor'sdegree研究生的,属于、从事或有关学士学位以上的研究的
---graduatecourses研究生课程
22.skilled:
a.1)(+in/at)havingskill;trained,;experienced熟练的,有技巧的,有经验的
---TheIT(informationtechnology)industrydemandsskilledlabor(u.,workersasaclass劳工).
---Thepersonnelmanagerispressingfor(迫切要求)skilledworkers.
---Shewasskilledindealingwithallsortsofpeople.
2)needingskill技术性的,需要技能的
---skilledwork
23.grinder:
n.磨工
24.grind:
(p.t&p.p:
ground)vt.磨,磨碎,碾碎
25.instrument:
n.(c)1)implement,apparatus,usedinperforminganaction,esp.fordelicateorscientificwork工具,器械,仪器(尤指精细工作或科学上所用者)
---aninstrumentforwriting书写工具
---opticalinstrument光学仪器
---surgicalinstrument外科器械
-→equipment:
(u)(collectiven.)(大型的、成套的)设备
2)乐器
---musicalinstrument乐器
26.forsale:
intendedtobesold;availabletobebought待售
---Reluctantlymyparentsputa“ForSale”signonthehouse.
---Herformerhomeisforsaleat$495,000.
27.wreck:
n.1)(c)sth.suchasaship,car,plane,orbuildingwhichhasbeendestroyed,usu.inanaccident残破物;(尤指失事船只、飞机等的)残骸
---Wethoughtofbuyingthehouseasawreck,doingitup(束起,重新整修,收拾齐整,疲乏,包好),thensellingit.
---Thewreckoftheplanecouldbeclearlyseenonthehillside.
2)(u)ruinordestruction,esp.ofashipbystorms毁灭,破坏,(尤指船遭受暴风雨袭击所造成的)船难;失事
---thewreckofone’shopes/plans:
(fig.)希望/计划的破灭
28.callon/uponsb.:
visit(sb.)forashorttime拜访
---I’dliketocallonmyformerprofessorwhileIamonbusinessinBeijing.
---Hewantedtocallonhisgirlfriendafterwork,andthentoseeamoviewithher.
callon/uponsb(todosth.):
appealto,invite,requiresb.(todosth.)恳求,要求,邀请,号召
29.banker:
n.银行家;银行高级职员
30.loan:
I)vt.(+sb.sth.;+sth.tosb.)lend(sth.)借出,贷
---Hehadkindlyofferedtoloanmeallthebooksrequiredfortheexamination.
---Ourschoollibraryloansbooks,CDsandvideotapes.
II)n.1)(c)asumofmoneythatyouborrow贷款
---Thepresidentwantstomakeiteasierforsmallbusinessestogetbankloans.
---Iamtryingtogetaloanfromthebanktobuyahouse.
2)(u)(usedinsingular)(+of)theactoflending借,贷
---MayIhavetheloanofyourladder?
---Iaskedhimforaloanofhiscartohaveashorttripwithmyfamily.
---Heisinneedofaloanofthereferencebooksforafewdays.
31.character:
n.1)(u)theparticularcollectionofqualitiesthatmakesb.aparticularkindofperson(人的)品德;品质;性格,个性
---Thechiefflawinhercharacterwasimpatience.
---Hehasastrongbutgentlecharacter他有坚强但温柔的性格
---acharacteractor性格演员(性格描写的演员)
---acharactersketch性格描写
---amanofcharacter有个性的人,有骨气的人
---badcharacter[口]坏蛋,坏人
2)(c)amarkorsymbolusedinawritingsystem字
---aC
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