大学生科技英语第六十单元Unit 6 10答案.docx

大学生科技英语第六十单元Unit 6 10答案.docx

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大学生科技英语第六十单元Unit610答案

Unit6MechanicsandAutomotives

PartIESTReading

Reading1

SectionAPre-readingTask

Warm-upQuestions:

Workinpairsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.

1.Whatdoyouthinkwillbethemostpopularmechanicfieldinthefuture?

Andwhy?

（Open）

2.DoyouknowanythingaboutNANO-BIOtechnology?

Nanobiotechnologyisthebranchofnanotechnologywithbiologicalandbiochemicalapplicationsoruses.Nanobiotechnologyoftenstudiesexistingelementsofnatureinordertofabricatenewdevices.Thetermbionanotechnologyisoftenusedinterchangeablywithnanobiotechnology,thoughadistinctionissometimesdrawnbetweenthetwo.Ifthetwoaredistinguished,nanobiotechnologyusuallyreferstotheuseofnanotechnologytofurtherthegoalsofbiotechnology,whilebionanotechnologymightrefertoanyoverlapbetweenbiologyandnanotechnology,includingtheuseofbiomoleculesaspartoforasaninspirationfornanotechnologicaldevices.

3.HaveyoueverheardofCADinengineeringdesign?

CAD:

Computer-aideddesign（CAD）,alsoknownascomputer-aideddraftinganddesign（CADD）,istheuseofcomputertechnologyfortheprocessofdesignanddesign-documentation.ComputerAidedDraftingdescribestheprocessofdraftingwithacomputer.CADDsoftware,orenvironments,providetheuserwithinput-toolsforthepurposeofstreamliningdesignprocesses;drafting,documentation,andmanufacturingprocesses.CADDoutputisoftenintheformofelectronicfilesforprintormachiningoperations.ThedevelopmentofCADD-basedsoftwareisindirectcorrelationwiththeprocessesitseekstoeconomize;industry-basedsoftware（construction,manufacturing,etc.）typicallyusesvector-based（linear）environmentswhereasgraphic-basedsoftwareutilizesraster-based（pixelated）environments.

4.Whatiscomputationalsimulationandcanyougiveanexample?

Simulationistheimitationofsomerealthing,stateofaffairs,orprocess.Theactofsimulatingsomethinggenerallyentailsrepresentingcertainkeycharacteristicsorbehavioursofaselectedphysicalorabstractsystem.Thenetworkcomputergamesaretypicalexampleofcomputationalsimulation.

5.Howdoescomputationalsimulationhelpengineeringdesign?

CombinedwithadvancesinCADsystems,itwillbepossibleformechanicalengineerstocollaborateinimmersiveinteractiveenvironmentswheretheycandesigncollaboratively,testhypothesis,runmodelsandsimulationsandobservetheircreationsinthreedimensionsmuchasanengineercanobserveacarbeingbuiltwiththeircolleaguesontheshopfloor.

SectionCPost-readingTask

ReadingComprehension

1.Directions:

Workonyourownandfillintheblankswiththemainidea.

Part1（Paras.1-4）Briefintroductiontothetwoexpandingfrontiersofengineering

Para.1:

Avisionoftheengineers’knowledgeandcoordinationinthefuture.

Para.2:

thetwofrontierspredicted.

Para.3:

Therequirementsforthemechanicalengineersinthefuture.

Para.4:

Anengineer’spointofthedevelopmentofdesign.

Part2（Paras.5-8）Thefutureofnanotechnologyandbiotechnology

Para.5:

Nanotechnologyandbiotechnologyasthemostinfluentialfields.

Para.6:

thecoreoftechnologicalinnovationhasshiftedtobiologyandtheenvironment.

Para.7:

Thegreatexpectationsofbiotechnology.

Part3（Paras.9-15）Thedesigningmethodsoftheengineersinthefuture

Para.8:

Thedemocratizationoftheprocessofdesigningandcreatingnewdevices.

Para.9:

FuturistRohitTalwar’shighlightofimmersiveinteractiveskills.

Para.10:

TheaffordablevisionofCAD.

Para.11:

Thefuturevisionofengineers’designindependently.

Para.12:

Thefuturevisionofengineers’designathome.

2.Directions:

Workinpairsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.

1）Accordingtothetext,whatisthe“verylargesystem”theengineershavetoworkon?

Multidisciplinaryandmulti-scaleengineeringacrossgreaterdistancesandtimeframes

2）Accordingtothetext,whatisthe“verysmallsystem”theengineershavetoworkon?

Nanotechnology.

3）Inorderto“workattheextremes”,whatwouldtheengineersprobablydointhefuture?

Beadeptatintegratingdifferentdisciplines,addressingincreasinglycomplexcustomerandstakeholderrequirements,andtreatingmultipleinteractingsystems.

4）Whywouldthefutureemployersdemandengineersadeptatintegratingdifferentdisciplines?

Theymustbeabletoconceiveanddirectprojectsofenormouscomplexitythatrequireahighlyintegrativeviewofengineeringsystems.

5）WhatisthefutureapplicationvisionofNano-Bio?

Nanotechnologyandbiotechnologywilldominatetechnologicaldevelopmentinthenext20yearsandwillbeincorporatedintoallaspectsoftechnologythataffectourlivesonadailybasis.Nano-Biowillprovidethebuildingblocksthatfutureengineerswillusetosolvepressingproblemsindiversefieldsincludingmedicine,energy,watermanagement,aeronautics,agricultureandenvironmentalmanagement.

6）Canyoumakesomeexamplesonhownanotechnologyandbiotechnologywillbeapplied?

（Open）

7）Accordingtothepassage,whatmightbethemostimportantworkingmethodforthefutureengineers?

Designingathomewouldbethethemostimportantworkingmethodforthefutureengineers.

8）Howwillthehome-basedpersonalfabricationbecomereadilyavailable?

Rapidprototypingandfabricationlaboratoriesareimprovingandwillsoonbeaffordableforthoserunninghomeoffices,teachingclassesandthoseinventingorbuildingasahobby.Within20years,itislikelythathome-basedpersonalfabricatorswillbeeconomicallyattractiveandavailabletoanyonewhowantsthem.

3.Directions:

Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandfillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesyou’velearnedinthetext.

Inordertogetreadyforthemultidisciplinaryandmulti-scaleengineering,engineersmustbeadeptatintegratingdifferentdisciplines,addressingincreasinglycomplexcustomerandstakeholderrequirements.Nowadays,theapplicationofNanotechnologyandbiotechnologygoesfarbeyondtheprosaicuseofnanofabricsinpantstopreventstains,butispoisedforevengreaterapplicationoverthenext20years.Biotechnologyisnowonthevergeofarevolutioninwhichgeneticcomponentsarestandardizedandinterchangeable,therefore,theengineersmustdesigncollaboratively,testhypothesis,runmodelsandsimulationsandobservetheircreationsinimmersiveinteractiveenvironments.

VocabularyandStructure

1.Directions:

Givethecorrectformofthewordaccordingtotheindicationinthebrackets.Thencompletethesentencesusingtherightformforeachword.Useeachwordonce.

1）Thedisciplinaryresearchrequirescooperationamongdifferentfieldsofscience.

2）Carlworksintheinsurancedivisionofthecompany.

3）Hepoisedhimselfforajump.

4）Titaniumfabricationplaysaveryimportantpartinaeronautics.

5）Manypeoplebelievethatwomenaremoreintuitivethanmen.

6）PCsarenowdemocratizedallaroundtheworld.

7）Weshouldavoidplainprosaicstatementinourcompositions.

8）Thespectacularvisualeffectsofferedusanincrediblyimmersivegamingexperience.

9）Thethesisshowsusamathematicalsimulationintheory.

10）Thestructuralcomplexityofthisnanofabricproductisthemostimportantpartinitsmassiveproduction.

2.Directions:

Completethesentenceswiththewordsgiveninthebrackets.Changetheformifnecessary.

1）Biotechnologyisonthevergeofarevolutioninwhichgeneticcomponentsarestandardizedandinterchangeable.

生物技术正处于基因革命的边缘。

2）Theexperiencedofficerisadeptatspottingcriminals.

经验丰富的警察擅长识别犯罪分子。

3）Protectionagainstandmitigationofearthquakedisastersshallbeincorporatedintoplansfornationaleconomicandsocialdevelopment.

防震减灾工作应当纳入国民经济和社会发展计划。

4）Weholdanoptimisticviewonthefuturevisionofbiotechnologyandnanotechnology.（optimize）

我们对于生物技术以及纳米技术的未来充满乐观。

5）BillGatesmadethecasethatitstechnologiesarebecomingevenmoreflexibleandpowerfulastheyseepintoautomobiles,Internet-basedTVnetworksandlivingrooms.

比尔盖茨通过展示公司目前进军自动化、网络电视的技术表明微软现如今的技术更加多元化，更具有竞争力。

6）Thisnewproductisstillreminiscentoftheutilityfunctionofitslastgeneration.（reminiscence）

这个新产品依然保留着上一代产品的使用功能。

7）Nanotechnologyandbiotechnologyarepoisedforevengreatersuccessoverthenext20years.（poise）

纳米技术与生物技术即将成为下个20年中最成功的领域。

8）Therapidlyadvancingfieldsofbiotechnologyandnanotechnologyareatthecoreofthesedevelopments.（core）

生物技术和纳米技术处于这些发展的核心地位。

9）Thefutureengineersmustworkincollaborationtobuildlargemodelsinmechanicdesign.（collaborate）

未来的工程师必须通力合作进行大型工程模型设计。

10）CombinedwithadvancesinCADsystems,itwillbepossibleformechanicalengineerstocollaborateinimmersiveinteractiveenvironments.

结合CAD技术发展的帮助，工程师们有可能在未来能够在虚拟环境下合作。

3.Directions:

Reorderthedisorderedpartsofasentencetomakeacompletesentence.

1）Beforeanyevidencecanbeintroducedinsupportofthetopicathand,thedefinitionofinventionmustbeestablished.

2）TheideaofaselfpropelledvehicleanditsactualrealizationhadbeenpresentforatleastonehundredyearsbeforeFordevermadeone.

3）Therapidlyadvancingfieldsofbiotechnologyandnanotechnologyareatthecoreofthesedevelopments.

4）InEurope,lowpercapitaincomes,highgasolineprices,andhighhorsepowertaxeskepttheEuropeanmanufacturersfromrealizingthebenefitsofthisidea.

5）Manyofthegreatestopportunitiesformechanicalengineerslieintheintersectionofthesetwofieldsoftechnology.

4.Directions:

Withthemeaningintact,changethefollowingsentencesintopassiveones.

1）Bothfrontierswillincreasethecomplexityofthenewknowledgeandskillsetsengineersarerequiredto