最新新上海牛津版初中英语八年级上册 Unit4精编学案与习题.docx
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最新新上海牛津版初中英语八年级上册 Unit4精编学案与习题.docx
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最新新上海牛津版初中英语八年级上册Unit4精编学案与习题
Unit4Inventions
一.要点短语:
1.insteadof取代,替代
2.lightbulb电灯泡
3.helpsb(to)dosth帮助某人做某事
4.liveabetterlife过更好的生活
5.intheearly19thcentury
6.inhistory在历史上
7.atthestartof在……初期
8.sincethen从那以后
9.eachother彼此
10.millonsof数百万的
11.mobilephone手机
12.allowsbtodosth允许某人做某人
13.keepintouchwith与……保持联系
14.inthedaytime在白天
15.imaginedoingsth想象做某事
16.makenoise制造噪音
17.keep…off使……远离
18.infrontof在……的前面
19.atthesametime同时
20..throwaway扔掉
21.turninto变成
22.rightnow现在
23.allthetime一直
24.makeamess弄得一团糟
25.leadto导致,引起
26.withthehelpwith在……的帮助
27.要点解释:
1.Listentoadvertisementsforfourfunnyinventions.听四则有趣发明的广告.
(1).advertisementn.广告(可数)ad缩写advertisev.做广告,登广告
Theywillputanadvertisementinthenewspaper.
(2).funnyadj.可笑的;滑稽的You’reanextremelyfunnyman.你是一个非常滑稽的人。
fun与funny的区别:
fun与funny都可以作形容词,但它们的意思不同,fun意为有趣的
funny意为滑稽的,fun还可以作名词,意为乐趣,有趣的事物.
2.Writeashortarticleaboutanewinventionthatyouwillcreate.
写一篇有关你要创造的一项新发明的短文.
(1)createv.创作,创造creationn.创造物,作品creatorn.创造者creativeadj.有创造力的
creativityn.创造力
试翻译:
这个创造者创作了这个作品,他很有创造力。
Thecreatorcreatedthecreation,heiscreative.
【辨析】create和make
create创造,创作创造出原来并不存在的东西Hecreatedanewidea.他创造了一个新想法.
make创造,制作通过工作制造出某种东西Theworkersmakethewatchinthefactory.
工人们在工厂制造手表.
3.telephonen.电话,电话机缩写形式是phonemobilphone移动电话,手机
Idon’thaveatelephone.我没有一部电话.
telephonev.给……打电话Itelephonemygrandpaeveryweek.我每周给爷爷打电话.
给某人打电话的表达:
①telephone/phonesbIoftentelephone/phonemymotheraboutmystudy.
②callsbpleasecallme.
③givesbacallIgavemyfatheracallyesterday.
④makeatelephonecalltosbMyfriendsoftenmakeatelephonecalltome.
4.Afteritsinvention,travelingbecamefasterandmorecomfortable.它发明后旅行变得更快更舒适了.
comfortableadj.舒适的,其比较级是morecomfortable.
comfortablyadv.舒适地uncomfortableadj.使人不舒服的
Ahomeshouldbecomfortableandfriendly.家应该让人感觉到舒适、亲切的.
5.Intheearly19thcentury....在19世纪早期
centuryn.世纪(可数)inthe+序数词+century在…世纪
intheearly19thcentury=atthestartofthe19thcentury.在19世纪初
inthelate19thcentury=attheendofthe19thcentury.在19世纪末
Hewasthemostfamouswriterinthe19th.他是19世纪最著名的作家.
6.AlexanderGrahamBellinventedoneofthefirstpracticaltelephonesin1876.
AlexanderGrahamBell在1876年发明了第一批可用的电话之一.
(1)inventv.发明inventionn发明inventorv.发明
invent与discoverinvent发明指客观上没有,发明以前未曾有过的东西,如新发明的使用工具,
方法discover发现指发现客观已存在,但是不为人知的东西或者事情;
Gilbertdiscoveredelectricity,butEdisoninventedtheelectriclightbulb.
(2)practicaladj.实用的拓展:
practice练习npractise练习v
Ourclothesarelightweight,fashionableandpracticalforholidays.我们的服装轻便,时尚,并且很适合
度假穿。
7.ThomasEdisondevelopedthefirstpracticallightbulbin1879.
爱迪生在1879年发明了第一批可用的电灯
developv.发展,开发,研发Weneedtodevelopsolarenergy.我们需要开发太阳能。
拓展:
development发展ndeveloped发达的adjdeveloping发展中的adj
发达国家:
adevelopedcountry发展中国家:
adevelopingcountry
8.Theyallowpeopletokeepintouchwitheachotheranytime,anywhere.它们容许人们在任何时候,在任何地点彼此保持联系。
1)allowsbtodosth允许某人做某事allowdoing是某人允许做某事
Wedon'tallowsmokinginourhouse.在我们家里不容许吸烟。
Theyallowtheirchildrentogotothepark.他们允许孩子们去公园。
2)keepintouchwithsb=stayintouchwith和某人保持联系
Doyoustillkeepintouchwithyourparentsafteryouleavethem?
你离开父母以后还经常与他们保持联系吗?
9.Withlightbulbs,peoplecandoasmanythingsintheeveningsastheycaninthedaytime.用电灯,人们在
晚上做和明天一样多的事情.
asmany+复数名词+asonecan和…一样多的…
Youcanborrowasmanybooksashecan.你可以和他借一样多的书.
10.Thenewcarsmadeloudnoisesandfrightenedthem.这些新汽车发出很大的噪音,让他们感到害怕。
makenoises意思是:
发出噪音,弄出生音;也可以用makeanoise
例如:
不要弄出声音,你爸爸正在睡觉。
Don’tmakenoises,yourfatherissleeping.
辨析:
noise,voice,sound
noise指吵闹、喧哗声,往往是不和谐,不悦耳的声音
voice多指人和动物的嗓音.
sound指人所能听到的自然界中的一切声音
请不要在课堂上制造噪音。
Pleasedon’tmakenoisesinclass.
她经常小声说话。
Sheoftentalksinalowvoice.
在空气中光比声音传播的速度快。
Lighttravelsfasterthansoundintheair.
11.Keepthedustoffyourshoes.合你的鞋子远离灰尘.
keepoff(使)不接近;远离Keepthechildrenoff.It'sdangeroushere!
别让孩子们靠近,这儿危险!
12.TheKongmingLanternledtotheinventionofthehot-airballoon.孔明灯引起了热气球了发明.
leadto导致,引起.Themistakeledtoabigfire.
leadsbtosp.带领某人去某地Pleaseleadmetoyourschool.
习题练习
一.英汉互译
1.intheearly19thcentury_______________2.电灯泡__________________
3.inthedaytime_____________________4.millionsof__________________
5.eachother_________________________6.过更好的生活_________________
7.从那以后________________________8.与...保持联系___________________
9.想象做某事_______________________10.允许某人做某事________________
二.根据句意及首字母提示补全单词.
1.Thecoatcosts¥2,600.It’stooe_____________.
2.Canyoutellmehowtoo_________thewashingmachine?
3.Amaniss____________applesoverthere.Let’sbuysome.
4.Hesawana_________inthemagazine.
5.That’sthef_________jokeI’veeverheard.
6.Nowadays,youngpeoplelikeplayinggameswiththeirmobilep________.
7.Theyhavec________anewfactoryinthecity.
8.Whatisthe__________(距离)fromheretoShanghai?
9.--Willyoutakethetrainers?
--Ofcourse.Theyarevery__________.(舒服的)
10.Weliveinthetwenty-first___________.(世纪)
11.Thisbuscancarry40__________.(乘客)
12.MissLiuisvery_________(受欢迎的)inourclass.
13.Youcan___________(比较)thepricesofthesameproduct(产品)ontheinternet
14.Youcan’tseetheminthe_________.(白天)
15.ThomasEdison__________(研制)thefirstpracticallightbulbin1897.
三.词形填空
1.Edisonwasfamousforhis_______________(invent).
2.Intheearly___________(twenty)century,carsbecamepopular.
3.Theyallowpeople_____________(keep)intouchwitheachotheranytime,anywhere.
4.Today_____________(thousand)ofpeopleacrosstheworldcometoChina.
5.Americaisa_____________(develop)country.
6.Lucyisthe______________(tall)ofthetwo.
7.Englishisas____________(important)asChinese.
8.Canyouwalk____________(far)thanayoungman?
9.Thisisthe___________(good)citythatwehaveevervisited.
10.Withlightbulb,peoplecandoas__________(many)thingsintheeveningastheycaninthedaytime.
11.Canyoutellmethe__________(distant)betweenyourhomeandyourschool?
12.Greatinventionshelppeopleliveabetter________.(life)
13.Canyouimagine_____________(live)withoutlightbulbs?
四.同义词.
()1.Mynewshoesfeelcomfortable,soIlikewearingthem.
A.hardB.goodC.softandniceD.beautiful
()2.Ourcompanydevelopedanewumbrellalastmonth.
A.foundB.boughtC.createdD.sold
()3.Thisstoryhappenedacenturyago.
A.ahundredyearsB.afewhundredyearsC.athousandyearsD.thousandsofyears
()4.Yourinventionisclever,butnotpractical.
A.niceB.usefulC.uselessD.important
()5.Wecanusesolarpowerinsteadofpetroltomakelesspollution.
A.sadB.amusingC.unhappyD.inplaceof
()6.Atthestartofthe20thcentury,carsbecamepopular.
A.beginningB.endC.middleD.first
()7.Sincethen,hehasdevelopedanotherbadhabit.
A.atthatmomentB.fromthenonC.afewdaysagoD.afterafewdays
()8.Carsarenotasfastasplanes.
A.morefastthanB.fasterthanC.moreslowthanD.slowerthan
五.单项选择题.
()1.-Heistired.Letmego__________.
-Wewillgothereonfoot__________bybus.
A.insteadof;insteadB.insteadof;insteadofC.instead;insteadD.instead;insteadof
()2.–Ithinkthewheelisagreatinvention.
-Iagreewithyou.Ican’timagine____________withoutit.
A.toliveB.livedC.livingD.live
()3.Thecenterofthecityisabout10miles__________fromthestation,butherparentsdon’tlive________away.
A.far;distantB.far;farC.distant;distantD.distant;far
()4.-Withthecard,youcantakemoneyoutofthemachine_____________.
-Soit’sveryconvenient.Icango____________tobuythingswiththecard.
A.anytime;anywhereB.anytime;somewhere
C.sometime;somewhereD.sometime;anywhere
()5.Iftherewerenoexaminations,weshouldhave_________atschool.
A.thehappiesttimeB.amorehappiertimeC.muchhappiesttimeD.amuchhappiertime
()6-Rememberthis,children._________carefulyouare,__________mistakesyouwillmake.
-Weknow,MissGao.
A.Themore;themoreB.thefewer;themoreC.Themore;thefewerD.Theless;theless
()7.Thisquestionis___________thatone.
A.soeasyasB.asdifficultasC.muchdifficultthanD.lesseasierthan
()8.Sheisn’tso___________atmathasyouare.
A.wellB.goodC.betterD.best
()9.Thisbookis_____________thatone,but________________thanthatone.
A.asdifficultas;expensiveB.asmoredifficultas;moreexpensive
C.asdifficultas;moreexpensiveD.somoredifficultas;asexpensive
()10.Beforeshewentabroad,shespent__________muchtimeasshecould__________English.
A.as;topractisespeakingB.as;practisingspeaking
C.so;topractisingspeakingD.so;practisingtospeak
六.完成句子.
1.为了过上更好的生活,他决定买车。
To__________________________________,hedecidedtobuyacar.
2.Lily不喜欢在白天学习。
Lilydoesnotlikestudy______________________.
3.为了保持健康,你最好远离垃圾食品。
Tokeephealthy,you’dbetter_________yourself_______thejunkfood.
4.从那以后,我们再也没有见过他了。
______________,wehaven’tseenhim.
5.现在,人们都会用电子邮件相互保持联系。
Now,peopleusee-mailsto________________________________eachother.
6.你不可以同时做两件不同的事情。
Youcan’tdotwodifferentthings________________________________
7.因为他身体不舒服,所以我代替他去。
Becausehedidn’tfeelwell,Iwentthere________________him
8.在20世纪初,汽车变得流行起来。
____________________________________,carsbecamepopular.
七.连词成句:
1.i
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