第一讲 名词.docx
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第一讲 名词.docx
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第一讲名词
第一讲名词
要求掌握的知识点
1.名词的分类
2.可数名词和不可数名词及可数名词的复数形式
3.名词所有格
知识点详解
一.名词的分类
英语中可分为专有名词和普通名词
1.专有名词
可数名词
2.普通名词<
不可数名词
二.可数名词和不可数名词及可数名词的复数形式
1.辨析可数名词及不可数名词
<1>可数名词有单复数两种形式,而不可数名词只有单数形式
<2>不定冠词、基数词可直接修饰可数名词而不能修饰不可数名词
<3>不可数名词表数量时则用“不定冠词/基数词+单位名词+of+不可数名词”
apieceofbread,fourglassesofwater
<4>many,few,afew,several等词修饰可数名词
Much,little,alittle等词修饰不可数名词
Lotsof/alotof,some/any等词修饰可数名词和不可数名词
2.名词的复数形式构成
<1>规则名词复数形式的构成
A.一般情况下加-s
B.以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的加-es
C.与辅音字母+y结尾的,改y为i再加-es
D.–f或者-fe结尾的,改f或者fe为-ves
E.以o结尾的词,有的加s有的加es
Photo,piano,radio,zoo+s
Tomato,potato,hero+es
<2>不规则名词的复数形式有
A.foot–feet,man-men,woman-women,child–children,tooth-teeth,goose-geese
Frenchman-FrenchmenFrenchwoman-Frenchwomen,Englishman-Englishmen,Englishwoman-Englishwomen,policeman–policemen,policewoman-policewomen
友情提醒German-Germans
B.单复数同性
Sheep-sheepdeer-deerChinese-ChineseJapanese–Japanese等
C.只有复数形式的名词
Trousersclothespeople等
友情提示:
A.有些名词即是可数名词又是不可数名词,但意义有所不同
room(空间,余地),aroom(一个房间)work(工作),awork(一本著作)
glass(玻璃),aglass(一个玻璃杯)paper(纸),apaper(一张试卷/证件)
tea(茶),atea(一种茶)wood(木头),awood(一片小树林)
B.合成名词的复数形式,只需将其主题词变为复数形式。
agirlstudent,twogirlstudents
C.有man和woman构成的合成名词变复数时将名词及man或woman都变成复数
awomanteacher,twowomenteachers
三.名词所有格
概念:
表示名词之间的所有或所属关系
形式:
1.有生命的,在名词后加’s.
2.表时间、距离等无生命的,在名词后加’s。
3.其他无生命的,常用of所有格
Thecoverofthebook,thewindowoftheroom
友情提示:
1.以s结尾的复数名词所有格,在名词后加’
2.表示两人或多人各自的所属关系,要在各个词尾分别加’s
3.表示两人或多人的共同的所属关系只需在最后一个词尾加’s
4.表示某人的家、店铺、办公室时常省略’s后面的名词,atthedoctor’s,atLinglei’s
专题训练
一、写出下面名词的复数形式
busclassdressglassbox
matchwatchtomatoradiophoto
zoocityfamilycountryfactory
partystorydaywaykey
boylifeknifeleafGerman
FrenchmanmanwomanChinese
JapaneseAmericansheepfoot
toothchild
二、单项选择题
()1.Iwantthree________whitepaper.
A.piecesB.pieceofC.piecesof
()2.Doyouwanttodrinkmuch________?
A.amilkB.milkC.milks
()3.Thisis________room.It’sverybig.
A.LilyandLucy’sB.Lily’sandLucy’sC.Lily’sandlucy
()4.Wevisited________houseyesterday.
A.TomB.TomsC.Tom’s
()5.Doyouwantsome_______forsupper?
A.apotatoB.potatoesC.potatos
()6.Inautumn,youcanseealotof_____ontheground.
A.leafB.leafsC.leaves
()7.Mysisterhastwo_________.Oneisold,theotherisnew.
A.awatchB.watchsC.watches
()8.Bestwishestoyoufor_______Day!
A.Teacher’sB.Teachers’C.Teacher
()9.Manychildrenliketogothe_______PalaceonSunday.
AChildrenB.Children’sC.Childrens’
()10.TheycomefromJapan.They’re_________.
A.JapaneseB.JapanesesC.aJapanese
()11.Thereare______ontheplate.
A.twomeatB.twomeatsC.twopieces
ofmeat
()12.Some______arecomingtohelpus.
A.peoplesB.peopleC.thepeople
()13.Doyouthinkthe________ofbusesisterrible?
A.noiseB.voiceC.sound
()14.Allthe______aremadeof_______,notplastics.
A.glass,glassB.glasses,glassC.glasses,glasses
()15.Thehorsehasfour________.
A.feetB.feetsC.foots
()16.Canyouseemany_____areeatingthegrassatthefootofthehill?
A.sheepsB.sheepC.asheep
()17.Isawquiteafew________walkinginthestreetlastnight.
A.GermenB.GermanC.Germans
()18.Thetwo________havebeenhiddenamongthosetrees.
A.thiefsB.thievesC.athief
()19.--Jim,wherewereyoulastnight?
--At___________
A.DoctorLi’sB.DoctorLisC.DoctorLis’
()20.MrGreentakesa_______aftersupper.
A.20minute’swalkB.20-minutewalkC.20-minuteswalk
典型考题
1.—Where’sMr.Wang?
--Hehasgonetothe________.
A.doctorB.doctor’sC.doctors’
2.TheJapanese________willnotleaveChinauntilshefinishesherstudy.
A.womanB.womenC.manD.men
3.Oneoftheshirts_____Tom’s,butmineisnothere.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
4.---Whatisyourfavourite_______?
----Summer.Icangoswimmingatthattime.
A.festivalB.seasonC.monthD.weather
5.Howmany________arethereintheinternationalvillage?
A.ChineseB.RussianC.American
6.-September10this_____DayinChina,isn’tit?
-Yes,itis.
A.AteacherB.Teachers’C.TeacherD.Teachers
7._________roomisbigandbright.Theylikeitverymuch.
A.TomandSamB.Tom’sandSamC.TomandSam’sD.Tom’sandSam’s
8.Idon’tthinklookingafterchildrenisjust______work.
A.womanB.woman’sC.womenD.women’s
9.Theheadteacherwithhisstudents_______theparkifit________tomorrow.
A.isgoingto;isn’trainyB.aregoingto;isn’trainy
C.isgoingto;won’trainD.aregoingto;doesn’train
10.Twoyears______quitealongtime.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
11.Tendollars________enough.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
12.Apairofshoes______underthebed.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
13.Thewomanwithtwochildren_________cominghere.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
14.Thepoetandwriteroften_________usareportonChineseliterature.
A.giveB.givesC.isgivingD.aregiving
15.---Goodmorning,madam.CanIhelpyou?
----Sure,I'dlike_______forcookingvegetables.
A.twocupsofteaB.threepiecesofbread
C.fivekilosofoil
16.---Howfarisyourhomefromschool?
---It'sabouttwo_____walk.
A.hour'sB.hoursC.hours'
17.---Whyareyoustillwaitingme?
---I'vemissedmy______.
A.placeB.orderC.turnD.time
18.Mary'sskirtisthesameasher______.
A.sistersB.brotherC.sister'sD.brothers
19.Wedon'thaveenoughnursestolookafterthepatients.Atleast________areneeded.
A.tenanothernursesB.moretennurses
C.othertennursesC.anothertennurses
20.---Ihearyourunforhalfanhoureveryday.
---Right,wehaveto.Itisoneofthe______inourschool.
A.rulesB.plansC.hobbiesD.choices
三.短文填词。
Mr.andMrs.Whitehadtwos___andthreed_____.OneSunday,Mrs.Whitesaidtoherhusband,“Thec______don'thaveanyl______today,andyou'refreetoo.There'sanewfunfairinthepark.let'sallgotheretoplay.
Herhusbandsaid,“Iwanttofinishsomew____today.”“Oh,forgetit.Gothereandmakeourchildrenhappy.That'sthemostimportantw_____,”Mrs.Whitesaid.
SoMr.andMrs.Whitetooktheirchildrentothefunfair.Mr.Whitewasforty-fiveyearsold,butheenjoyedthefunfairmorethanhischildren.Hehurriedfromonethingtoanother,andatelotsofs_______.Oneofthechildrensaidtohermother,“Dadisjustlikeasmallc_____,isn'the,Mom?
”Mrs.Whitedidn'twanttofollowherhusbandaroundanymoreatthattimeandanswered.“Heisevenworsethanasmallchild,Mary,becausehemightspendmorem_____thanasmallchild.
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