任务型阅读试题及答案.docx
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任务型阅读试题及答案.docx
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任务型阅读试题及答案
一、高中英语任务型阅读
1.Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.
Decadesofresearchhasdemonstratedhowjunioremployeesbenefitfrombeingmentored(指导).Guidancefromseniorcolleagueshasalsobeenshowntoenhancementees'jobperformanceandsatisfaction.________
Wewereespeciallyinterestedinunderstandinghowmentoringmighthelpmentorswhoworkinstressfuloccupations.Mentalhealthisagrowingconcernwithinoccupationsthatplayimportantsocialroles,suchasmedicalprofessionals,firefighters,andpoliceofficers.Andbecausepolicingisoneofthemoststressfuloccupations,withhighlevelsofmentalhealthandwell-beingdifficulties,weconductedastudyofaformalmentoringprograminanEnglishpoliceforce.
________ Itwasdesignedtosupportthedevelopmentofjuniorofficersbygivingthemawaytodiscussconcernsandreceiveguidance.Ourstudyinvolvedtwoparts.First,weconductedafieldexperiment:
wecomparedthementalhealthof17mentor-menteepairstoacontrolgroupof18pairsofseniorandjuniorofficersthatdidnotparticipateintheprogram.Second,weinterviewedboththementeesandtheirmentorsseparately.
Ourexperimentresultsshowedthatpeoplewhoservedasmentorsexperiencedlowerlevelsofanxiety,anddescribedtheirjobasmoremeaningful,thanthosewhodidnotmentor.Welearnedfromourinterviewsthatmentoringaffordedseniorofficers,aswellasjuniorofficers,achancetodiscussandreflectonconcerns.________Byacknowledgingthattheseanxietieswerecommon,bothmenteesandmentorsgrewmorecomfortableindiscussingthemandinsharingdifferentcopingmechanisms.
Whydoesmentoringhavethisimpactonmentors?
________ Despitethepressuresthatcomeswiththeirroles—includingabuse,difficultdecisionmaking,andtheriskofdeath—policeofficerstendnottoseeksupportfromotherofficers,includingmoreseniorcolleagues.Thisistoavoidnegativestigma,ashamefulreputation,associatedwithmentalhealthdisorders.Mentoringtherebyofferedawaytobuildtrustwithinarelationshipthatlaidafoundationforopenandhonestcommunicationofsensitivetopics.
A.Webelieveitoffersawaytoreceivesupportthatisoftenlacking.
B.Thementoringprogramwaslaunchedin2013inoneofthepoliceforcesinEnglandandWales.
C.Formalmentoringprogramsprovideanopportunitytoencouragethediscussionofdifficultandsensitivetopics.
D.However,whatwearewonderingiswhymentoringhassuchgreatimpactonmentorsaswellasmentees.
E.Mentorsheardtheirmentees'accountsofanxietyandrealizedthesefeelings—whichtheyalsoshared—werecommon.
F.Weknowfarless,however,abouthowmentoringmightbenefitmentorsthemselves.
【答案】F;B;E;A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,在对别人的指导过程中,不但使被指导人受益,而且使指导人也很受益。
(1)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前"Decadesofresearchhasdemonstratedhowjunioremployeesbenefitfrombeingmentored(指导).Guidancefromseniorcolleagueshasalsobeenshowntoenhancementees'jobperformanceandsatisfaction."可知,几十年的研究已经证明了初级员工如何从被指导中获益。
来自资深同事的指导也被证明可以提高学员的工作表现和满意度。
所以小题1要与前面的句子形成转折关系,以此来表明自己的观点。
F.Weknowfarless,however,abouthowmentoringmightbenefitmentorsthemselves."然而,我们对指导如何使指导者受益知之甚少"符合句意。
故选F。
(2)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前"Andbecausepolicingisoneofthemoststressfuloccupations,withhighlevelsofmentalhealthandwell-beingdifficulties,weconductedastudyofaformalmentoringprograminanEnglishpoliceforce."可知,由于警察巡务是压力最大的职业之一,心理健康和幸福方面的困难程度很高,我们对英国警方的一个正式辅导项目进行了研究。
所以小题2要承接上文来说明辅导计划开始的时间和地点。
B.Thementoringprogramwaslaunchedin2013inoneofthepoliceforcesinEnglandandWales."辅导计划于2013年在英格兰和威尔士的一支警察部队中启动"符合句意。
故B选项切题,选B。
(3)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空后"Byacknowledgingthattheseanxietieswerecommon,bothmenteesandmentorsgrewmorecomfortableindiscussingthemandinsharingdifferentcopingmechanisms."通过承认这些焦虑是普遍存在的,学员和导师在讨论这些问题和分享不同的应对机制时都变得更加自在。
所以小题3要与下一句一同在说明担任导师的人比没有导师的人焦虑程度更低的原因。
E.Mentorsheardtheirmentees'accountsofanxietyandrealizedthesefeelings—whichtheyalsoshared—werecommon."导师们听到了学员们对焦虑的描述,并意识到他们也有相同的感受,这种焦虑感是普遍存在的"符合句意。
故E选项切题,选E。
(4)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前"Whydoesmentoringhavethisimpactonmentors?
"可知,为什么辅导对导师有这样的影响?
所以此空是对上一句的回答。
A.Webelieveitoffersawaytoreceivesupportthatisoftenlacking."我们认为,它提供了一种获得经常缺乏的支持的方式"符合句意。
故选A。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上,着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
2.Directions:
Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.
Inbusiness,thereisaspeeddifference:
It'sthedifferencebetweenhowimportantfirmleaderssayspeedistotheircompetitivestrategyandhowfastthecompanyactuallymoves.Thedifferenceisimportantregardlessofindustryandcompanysize.________
Inourstudyof343businesses,thecompaniesthatchoosetogo,go,gototrytogainanedgeendedupwithlowersalesandoperatingincomesthanthosethatpausedatkeymomentstomakesuretheywereontherighttrack.What'smore,thefirmsthat“sloweddowntospeedup“improvedtheirtopandbottomlines,averaging40%highersalesand52%higheroperatingincomesoverathree-yearperiod.
________Theythoughtdifferentlyaboutwhat"slower"and"faster"mean.Firmssometimesfailtounderstandthedifferencebetweenoperationspeed(movingquickly)andstrategicspeed(reducingthetimeittakestodelivervalue).Simplyincreasingthespeedofproduction,forexample,maybeonewaytotrytoreducethespeeddifference.Butthatoftenleadstoreducedvalueovertime,intheformoflower-qualityproductsandservices.
Inourstudy,higher-performingcompanieswithstrategicspeedalwaysmadechangeswhennecessary.Theybecamemoreopentoideasanddiscussion.________Andtheyallowedtimetolookbackandlearn.Bycontrast,performancesufferedatfirmsthatmovedfastallthetime,paidtoomuchattentiontoimprovingefficiency,stucktotestedmethods,didn'tdevelopteamspiritamongtheiremployees,andhadlittletimethinkingaboutchanges.
Strategicspeedservesasakindofleadership.________Thatkindofstrategymustcomefromthetop.
A.Howdidtheydisobeythelawsofbusinessphysics,takingmoretimethancompetitorsyetperformingbetter?
B.Teamsthatregularlytaketimetogetthingsright,ratherthanploughaheadfullbore,aremoresuccessfulinmeetingtheirbusinessgoals.
C.Morehaste,lessspeed,whichinthestudyproveswrong.
D.Companiesfearfuloflosingtheircompetitiveadvantagespendmuchtimeandmoneylookingforwaystopickupthespeed.
E.Theyvaluedefficiencyratherthanconsideration.
F.Theyencouragednewwaysofthinking.
【答案】D;A;F;B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,围绕速度展开,否定了一味强调速度的盲目性,区分了operationalspeed”操作速度“与strategicspeed”战略速度“,强调了适当时间采取战略速度的重要性。
(1)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前”Thedifferenceisimportantregardlessofindustryandcompanysize.“可知,无论行业和公司规模如何,那些担心失去竞争优势的公司会花费大量的时间和金钱来寻找加快速度的方法。
D.Companiesfearfuloflosingtheircompetitiveadvantagespendmuchtimeandmoneylookingforwaystopickupthespeed.符合此处语境。
故选D。
(2)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前”What'smore,thefirmsthat‘sloweddowntospeedup’improvedtheirtopandbottomlines,averaging40%highersalesand52%higheroperatingincomesoverathree-yearperiod.“可知,那些“放慢速度以加快速度”的公司改善了他们的最高和最低收入,在三年内平均销售额提高了40%,营业收入提高了52%。
A.Howdidtheydisobeythelawsofbusinessphysics,takingmoretimethancompetitorsyetperformingbetter?
”他们是如何违反商业物理定律的,他们比竞争对手花费了更多的时间,却表现得更好的呢?
“符合语境。
故选A。
(3)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前”Theybecamemoreopentoideasanddiscussion.及下文Andtheyallowedtimetolookbackandlearn.“可知,他们对思想和讨论变得更加开放,允许时间回顾和学习。
F.Theyencouragednewwaysofthinking”他们鼓励新的思维方式“符合语境。
故选F。
(4)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前”Strategicspeedservesasakindofleadership.“;以及及空后”Thatkindofstrategymustcomefromthetop.“可知,战略速度是一种领导力,而这种战略必须来自最高层。
B.Teamsthatregularlytaketimetogetthingsright,ratherthanploughaheadfullbore,aremoresuccessfulinmeetingtheirbusinessgoals.”那些经常花时间把事情做好,而不是埋头苦干的人,更能成功地实现他们的商业目标“符合语境。
故选B。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上,着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
3.Directions:
Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.
________AccordingtoanewsurveybytheNationalSleepFoundation,51%ofkidsaged10to18gotobedat10pmorlateronschoolnights,eventhoughtheyhavetogetupearly.LastyeartheFoundationreportedthatnearly60%of7-to12-year-oldssaidtheyfelttiredduringtheday,and15%saidtheyhadfallenasleepatschool.
________Babiesneedalotofrest:
mostofthemsleepabout18hoursaday!
Adultsneedabouteighthours.Formostschool-agechildren,tenhoursisideal.ButthenewNationalSleepFoundationsurveyfoundthat35%of10-to12-year-oldsgetonlysevenoreighthours.Andguesswhatalmosthalfofthesurveyedkidssaidtheydobeforebedtime?
WatchTV.
"MorechildrenaregoingtobedwithTVson,andtherearemoreopportunitiestostayawake,withmorehomework,theInternetandthephone,"saysDr.MaryCarskadon,asleepresearcheratBrownUniversityMedicalSchool.Shesaystheseactivitiesatbedtimecangetkidsallexcitedandmakeithardforthemtocalmdownandsleep.________Changinglevelsofbodychemicalscalledhormonesnotonlymaketeenagers'bodiesdevelopadultcharacteristics,butalsomakeithardforteenagerstofallasleepbefore11pm.
Becausesleepinessissuchaproblemforteenagers,someschooldistrictshavedecidedtostarthighschoolclasseslaterthantheyusedto.________
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