财务中英文对照.docx
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财务中英文对照.docx
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财务中英文对照
会计account
决策人DecisionMaker
投资人Investor
股东Shareholder
债权人Creditor
财务会计FinancialAccounting
管理会计ManagementAccounting
成本会计CostAccounting
私业会计PrivateAccounting
公众会计PublicAccounting
注册会计师CPACertifiedPublicAccountant
国际会计准则委员会IASC
美国注册会计师协会AICPA
财务会计准则委员会FASB
管理会计协会IMA
美国会计学会AAA
税务稽核署IRS
独资企业Proprietorship
合伙人企业Partnership
公司Corporation
会计目标AccountingObjectives
会计假设AccountingAssumptions
会计要素AccountingElements
会计原贝UAccountingPrinciples
会计实务过程AccountingProcedures
财务报表FinancialStatements
财务分析FinancialAnalysis
会计主体假设Separate-entityAssumption
货币计量假设Unit-of-measureAssumption
持续经营假设Continuity(Going-concern)Assumption
会计分期假设Time-periodAssumption
资产Asset
负债Liability
业主权益Owner'sEquity
收入Revenue
费用Expense
收益Income
亏损Loss
历史成本原则CostPrinciple
收入实现原则RevenuePrinciple
配比原则MatchingPrinciple
全面披露原则Full-disclosure(Reporting)Principle客观性原则ObjectivePrinciple
一致性原则ConsistentPrinciple
可比性原则ComparabilityPrinciple
重大性原则MaterialityPrinciple
稳健性原则ConservatismPrinciple
权责发生制AccrualBasis
现金收付制CashBasis
财务报告FinancialReport
流动资产Currentassets
流动负债CurrentLiabilities
长期负债Long-termLiabilities
投入资本ContributedCapital
留存收益RetainedEarning
(2)会计循环
会计循环AccountingProcedure/Cycle
会计信息系统AccountinginformationSystem帐户Ledger
会计科目Account
会计分录Journalentry
原始凭证SourceDocument
日记帐Journal
总分类帐GeneralLedger
明细分类帐SubsidiaryLedger
试算平衡TrialBalanee
现金收款日记帐Cashreceiptjournal
现金付款日记帐Cashdisbursementsjournal
销售日记帐SalesJournal
购货日记帐PurchaseJournal
普通日记帐GeneralJournal
工作底稿Worksheet
调整分录Adjustingentries
结帐Closingentries
(3)现金与应收帐款
现金Cash
银行存款Cashinbank库存现金Cashinhand流动资产Currentassets偿债基金Sinkingfund定额备用金Imprestpettycash支票Check(cheque)银行对帐单Bankstatement银行存款调节表Bankreconciliationstatement在途存款Outstandingdeposit在途支票Outstandingcheck应付凭单Voucherspayable应收帐款Accountreceivable应收票据Notereceivable起运点交货价shippingpoint目的地交货价destinationpoint商业折扣Tradediscount现金折扣Cashdiscount
销售退回及折让Salesreturnandallowanee坏帐费用Baddebtexpense备抵法Allowaneemethod备抵坏帐Baddebtallowanee
损益表法Incomestatementapproach资产负债表法Balaneesheetapproach帐龄分析法Aginganalysismethod直接冲销法Directwrite-offmethod带息票据Interestbearingnote不带息票据Non-interestbearingnote出票人Maker受款人Payee本金Principal禾利息率Interestrate到期日Maturitydate本票Promissorynote贴现Discount背书Endorse
拒付费Protestfeecom
⑷存货
存货Inventory
商品存货Merchandiseinventory
产成品存货Finishedgoodsinventory
在产品存货Workinprocessinventory
原材料存货Rawmaterialsinventory
起运地离岸价格shippingpoint
目的地抵岸价格destination
寄销Consignment
寄销人Consignor
承销人Consignee
定期盘存Periodicinventory
永续盘存Perpetualinventory
购货Purchase
购货折让和折扣Purchaseallowaneeanddiscounts存货盈余或短缺Inventoryoveragesandshortages分批认定法Specificidentification
加权平均法Weightedaverage
先进先出法First-in,first-outorFIFO
后进先出法Lost-in,first-outorLIFO
移动平均法Movingaverage
成本或市价孰低法LowerofcostormarketorLCM
市价Marketvalue
重置成本Replacementcost
可变现净值Netrealizablevalue
上限Upperlimit
下限Lowerlimit
毛禾U法Grossmarginmethod
零售价格法Retailmethod
成本率Costratio
(5)长期投资
长期投资Long-terminvestment
长期股票投资Investmentonstocks
长期债券投资Investmentonbonds
成本法Costmethod
权益法Equitymethod
合并法Consolidationmethod
股利宣布日Declarationdate
股权登记日Dateofrecord
除息日Ex-dividenddate
付息日Paymentdate
债券面值Facevalue,Parvalue
债券折价Discountonbonds
债券溢价Premiumonbonds
票面利率Contractinterestrate,statedrate
市场利率Marketinterestratio,Effectiverate
普通股CommonStock
优先股PreferredStock
现金股利Cashdividends
股票股利Stockdividends
清算股利JLiquidatingdividends
到期日Maturitydate
到期值Maturityvalue
直线摊销法Straight-Linemethodofamortization
实际禾利息摊销法Effective-interestmethodofamortization
⑹固定资产
固定资产PlantassetsorFixedassets
原值Originalvalue
预计使用年限Expectedusefullife
预计残值Estimatedresidualvalue
折旧费用Depreciationexpense
累计折旧Accumulateddepreciation
帐面价值Carryingvalue
应提折旧成本Depreciationcost
净值Netvalue
在建工程Construction-in-process
磨损Wearandtear
过时Obsolescenee
直线法Straight-linemethod(SL)
工作量法Units-of-productionmethod(UOP)
力口速折旧法Accelerateddepreciationmethod
双倍余额递减法Double-decliningbalaneemethod(DDB)年数总和法Sum-of-the-years-digitsmethod(SYD)
以旧换新Tradein
经营租赁Operatinglease
融资租赁Capitallease
廉价购买权Bargainpurchaseoption(BPO)
资产负债表外筹资Off-balance-sheetfinancing
最低租赁付款额Minimumleasepayments
(7)无形资产
无形资产Intangibleassets
专利权Patents
商标权Trademarks,Tradenames
着作权Copyrights
特许权或专营权Franchises
商誉Goodwill
开办费Organizationcost
租赁权Leasehold
摊销Amortization
(8)流动负债
负债Liability
流动负债Currentliability
应付帐款Accountpayable
应付票据Notespayable
贴现票据Discountnotes
长期负债一年内到期部分CurrentmaturitiesofIong-termliabilities
应付股利Dividendspayable
预收收益Prepaymentsbycustomers
存入保证金Refundabledeposits
应付费用Accrualexpense
增值税valueaddedtax
营业税Businesstax
应付所得税Incometaxpayable
应付奖金Bonusespayable
产品质量担保负债Estimatedliabilitiesunderproductwarranties赠品和兑换券Premiums,couponsandtradingstamps或有事项Contingency或有负债Contingent
或有损失Losscontingencies
或有利得Gaincontingencies
永久性差异Permanentdifferenee时间性差异Timingdifferenee应付税款法Taxespayablemethod纟纳税影响会计法Taxeffectaccountingmethod递延所得税负债法Deferredincometaxliabilitymethod
(9)长期负债
长期负债Long-termLiabilities应付公司债券Bondspayable有担保品的公司债券SecuredBonds
抵押公司债券MortgageBonds保证公司债券GuaranteedBonds信用公司债券DebentureBonds一次还本公司债券TermBonds分期还本公司债券SerialBonds可转换公司债券ConvertibleBonds可赎回公司债券CallableBonds可要求公司债券RedeemableBonds记名公司债券RegisteredBonds无记名公司债券CouponBonds普通公司债券OrdinaryBonds收益公司债券IncomeBonds名义利率,票面利率Nominalrate
实际利率Actualrate有效利率Effectiverate溢价Premium折价Discount面值Parvalue直线法Straight-linemethod实际利率法Effectiveinterestmethod到期直接偿付Repaymentatmaturity提前偿付Repaymentatadvanee偿债基金Sinkingfund长期应付票据Long-termnotespayable抵押借款Mortgageloan
(10)业主权益
权益Equity
业主权益Owner'sequity
股东权益Stockholder'sequity
投入资本Contributedcapital
缴入资本Paid-incapital
股本Capitalstock
资本公积Capitalsurplus
留存收益Retainedearnings
核定股本Authorizedcapitalstock
实收资本Issuedcapitalstock
发行在外股本Outstandingcapitalstock
库藏股Treasurystock
普通股Commonstock
优先股Preferredstock
累积优先股Cumulativepreferredstock
非累积优先股Noncumulativepreferredstock
完全参加优先股Fullyparticipatingpreferredstock咅B分参加优先股Partiallyparticipatingpreferredstock非部分参加优先股Nonpartiallyparticipatingpreferredstock
现金发行Issuaneeforcash
非现金发行Issuaneefornoncashconsideration
股票的合并发行Lump-sumsalesofstock
发行成本Issuaneecost
成本法Costmethod
面值法Parvaluemethod
捐赠资本Donatedcapital
盈余分酉己Distributionofearnings
股禾UDividend
股利政策Dividendpolicy
宣布日Dateofdeclaration
股权登记日Dateofrecord
除息日Ex-dividenddate
股利支付日Dateofpayment
现金股利Cashdividend
股票股利Stockdividend
拨款appropriation
(11)财务报表
财务报表FinancialStatement
资产负债表BalaneeSheet
收益表IncomeStatement
帐户式AccountForm
报告式ReportForm
编制(报表)Prepare
工作底稿Worksheet
多步式Multi-step
单步式Single-step
(12)财务状况变动表
财务状况变动表中的现金基础Basis
(现金流量表)
财务状况变动表中的营运资金基础CapitalBasis
(资金来源与运用表)
营运资金WorkingCapital
全部资源概念All-resourcesconcept
直接交换业务Directexchanges
正常营业活动Normaloperatingactivities
财务活动Financingactivities
投资活动Investingactivities
(13)财务报表分析
财务报表分析Analysisoffinancialstatements
比较财务报表Comparativefinancialstatements
趋势百分比Trendpercentage
比率Ratios
普通股每股收益Earningspershareofcommonstock
股利收益率Dividendyieldratio
价益比Price-earningsratio
普通股每股帐面价值Bookvaluepershareofcommonstock
资本报酬率Returnoninvestment
总资产报酬率Returnontotalasset
债券收益率Yieldrateonbonds
已获禾利息倍数Numberoftimesinterestearned
债券比率Debtratio
优先股收益率Yieldrateonpreferredstock
营运资本WorkingCapital
周转Turnover
存货周转率Inventoryturnover
应收帐款周转率Accountsreceivableturnover
流动比率Currentratio
速动比率Quickratio
酸性试验比率Acidtestratio
(14)合并财务报表
合并财务报表Consolidatedfinancialstatements
吸收合并Merger
创立合并Consolidation
控股公司Parentcompany
附属公司Subsidiarycompany
少数股权Minorityinterest
权益联营合并Poolingofinterest
购买合并Combinationbypurchase
权益法Equitymethod
成本法Costmethod
(15)物价变动中的会计计量
物价变动之会计Price-levelchangesaccounting
一般物价水平会计Generalprice-levelaccounting
货币购买力会计Purchasing-poweraccounting
统一币值会计Constantdollaraccounting
历史成本Historicalcost
现行价值会计Currentvalueaccounting
现行成本Currentcost
重置成本Replacementcost
物价指数Price-levelindex
国民生产总值物价指数Grossnationalproductimplicitpricedeflator(orGNP
deflator)
消费物价指数Consumerpriceindex(orCPI)
批发物价指数Wholesalepriceindex
货币性资产Monetaryassets
货币性负债Monetaryliabilities
货币购买力损益Purchasing-powergainsorlosses
资产持有损益Holdinggainsorlosses
未实现的资产持有损益Unrealizedholdinggainsorlosses
1资产assets11~12流动资产currentassets111现金及约
当现金cashandcashequivalents1111库存现金cashonhand1112零
用金/周转金pettycash/revolvingfunds1113银行存款cashinbanks1116
在途现金cashintransit1117约当现金cashequivalents1118其它现
金及约当现金othercashandcashequivalents112短期投资short-term
investment1121短期投资-股票short-terminvestments-stock1122期投资-短期票券short-terminvestments-short-termnotesandbills1123
短短期
投资-政府债券short-terminvestments-governmentbonds1124短期投资-受
益凭证short-terminvestments-beneficiarycertificates1125
短期投资-公司债
short-terminvestments-corporateinvestments-other1129
bonds1128
备抵短期投资跌价损失
短期投资-其它short-term
allowanceforreductionof
short-terminvestmenttomarket113
应收票据notesreceivable1131
应收票据notesreceivable1132
应收票据贴现
discountednotesreceivable
1137
应收票据-关系人
notesreceivable-relatedparties
1138
其它应收
票据othernotesreceivable1139
备抵呆帐-应收票据allowancefor
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