英语 高中英语阅读理解教育文化试题有答案和解析.docx
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英语 高中英语阅读理解教育文化试题有答案和解析.docx
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英语高中英语阅读理解教育文化试题有答案和解析
(英语)高中英语阅读理解(教育文化)试题(有答案和解析)
一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类
1.阅读理解
It'sacommonbeliefthattherolesactorsplaymightsomehowreflecttheirtruepersonalities.It'susuallynottrue,butBritishactressPhoebeWaller-Bridge,34,isanexception.
JustlikeFleabag,thecharactersheplayedinthecomedy-dramaseriesofthesamename,Waller-Bridgefeelsthatherlifeisamess."It'sjustreallywonderfultoknowthatadirtyandmessedupwomancanmakeittotheEmmys,"shesaid.Shemaybe"messedup",butVarietymagazinecallsheran"all-aroundicon".
Lastmonth,Waller-BridgetookhomethreeEmmyawardsforherworkonFleabag—bestwritinginacomedyseries,bestleadactress,andbestcomedyseries.
Hersuccessispartlybecauseofherfamily.Waller-Bridgewasbroughtupinafreeenvironment.Hermotheralwaystoldher,"Youcanbewhateveryouwantifyouimagineit."SoWaller-Bridgebrokealltherulesaboutwhata"good"girlshoulddo."Ourlawsandmoralcodesdon'tapply—sheliveswithoutfearofconsequence,"TheSunnoted.
Thatfearlessnessextendstobeingauthentic(真实的)inherwritingandacting.Unlikethecan-doheroinesandstrong,successfulwomeninmanyTVdramas,Waller-Bridgeshowsaflawedbutrealcharacter.ThecharacterFleabagwasascrew-upwhoalwaysfoundawaytosayordothewrongthing."Itresonatedwiththelivesofstressed-outwomeneverywhereinreality—doingtheirbesttofindbalanceintheirlives,"aviewerwroteonUSmoviewebsite.
VillanelleinKillingEve,anotherhitTVseriesdevelopedbyWaller-Bridge,wasalittlebitviolentbutshowednointerestfortherulesotherscreated,whichmakemanypeopleseethemselvesinher.
"Peoplehavebeenscaredtowritecharacterslikethese.ButIthink,now,womenaresorelievedtohavethisnewtemplate(样板).And,aren'tweallabitofeverything?
"Waller-BridgesaidinaninterviewwithIndianExpress.
Withsuchcourageandsincerity,Waller-Bridgeis,withoutadoubt,a"goldengirl"inHollywood,AustraliannewswebsiteTheNewDailycommented.
(1)Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?
A.WhathelpedWaller-Bridgesucceedincomedy.
B.Thepopularityofthecomedy-dramaseriesFleabag.
C.WhatinspiredWaller-Bridgetotakeupwritingandacting.
D.ThesimilaritiesbetweenPhoebeWaller-BridgeandthecharactersheplaysonFleabag.
(2)HowdidWaller-Bridge'sparentsinfluencehergrowth?
A.Theypushedhertofollowsocialcodes.
B.Theyconstantlyencouragedhertobeherself.
C.Theyalwaysremindedhertobecuriousandfearless.
D.Theytaughthertowriteandactwhenshewasyoung.
(3)Theunderlinedphrase"resonatedwith"inParagraph7probablymeans"__________".
A.messedup
B.paidattentionto
C.hadgreateffectson
D.wasinagreementwith
(4)WhatdoVillanelleinKillingEveandFleabaginFleabaghaveincommon?
A.Botharecourageousandorganized.
B.Botharemuchalikeincharacter.
C.Bothsuccessfullyfindbalanceintheirlives.
D.Botharerebelliousbutstrongandsuccessful.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)B
(3)D
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了喜剧演员沃勒·布里奇,因其真诚的个性特点在喜剧上获得了成功,说明了勇于表达真实的自己更为人们欣赏。
(1)考查主旨大意。
纵观全文可知,本文介绍了喜剧演员沃勒·布里奇,因其真诚的个性特点在喜剧上获得了成功,故选A。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“Hermotheralwaystoldher,‘Youcanbewhateveryouwantifyouimagineit.’SoWaller-Bridgebrokealltherulesaboutwhata‘good’girlshoulddo.”可知,她的父母不断鼓励她做自己想做的。
故选B。
(3)考查词义猜测。
根据第七段中的“ThecharacterFleabagwasascrew-upwhoalwaysfoundawaytosayordothewrongthing.”可知,沃勒·布里奇在剧中表演的角色总是说错话或做错事;以及“thelivesofstressed-outwomeneverywhereinreality—doingtheirbesttofindbalanceintheirlives”可知,生活中压力大的女性在平衡她们生活时,也总是会犯错。
由此推测“resonatedwith”与“wasinagreementwith”有相近含义,可解释为“产生共鸣”。
故选D。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据倒数第三段中的“VillanelleinKillingEve,anotherhitTVseriesdevelopedbyWaller-Bridge,wasalittlebitviolentbutshowednointerestfortherulesotherscreated,whichmakemanypeopleseethemselvesinher.”可知,Villanelle有点暴力,对其他人创造的规则毫无兴趣;根据倒数第四段中的“ThecharacterFleabagwasascrew-upwhoalwaysfoundawaytosayordothewrongthing.”可知,Fleabag是个捣蛋鬼。
两者的人物性格都有缺陷,有相似之处。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测,推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查,是一篇教育类阅读,考生需要在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Deareditor(编辑),
Can'tyournewspaperdosomethingaboutthecustom(习惯)ofhitchhiking?
Ashorttimeago,onacartravelIcountedatleast50peoplestandingbesidetheroad,askingforrides.Manyofthemwereyoungwomen.
Don'ttheyunderstandhowdangerousitistogetintothecardrivenbyastranger?
Howmuchdotheyknowaboutthedriver?
Isheagooddriverornot?
Theyknownothing!
Manyoftheseyounghitchhikersmaycomefromgoodfamilies.Don'ttheirparentsteachthemanythingabouttheworld?
Ialwaystaughtmychildrennottotalktostrangers.Ineverletthemtakeridesfrompeopletheydidn'tknow.
Isn'tthereenoughcrime(犯罪)todaywithoutaskingfortroublebyhitchhiking?
Ontheotherhand,hitchhikingmaybringsometraffictrouble.Don'tyouthinkwhatIsaidistrue?
AWorriedGrandfather
(1)Theword"hitchhiking"means .
A. waitingforabusatthebusstop
B. drivingtosomewhereinadangerousway
C. goingsomewherebygettingfreeridesinothers'car
D. askingastrangerthewaywhoisinacar
(2)TheWorriedGrandfather .
A. doesn'tlikeyoungwomentodrivecars
B. thinksitisdangerousforayoungwomantogetintoastranger'scar
C. likesdriverstobecarefulandstrictintheirwork
D. neverletshischildrengetintootherpeople'scar
(3)TheWorriedGrandfather .
A. washitbyacarwhenhewasstandingbytheroad
B. isagooddriverandoftengivesfreeridestostrangers
C. isintroublenowandhewantstogetsomehelpfromthenewspaper
D. hasseenmuchoftheworldandheisverycareful
(4)TheWorriedGrandfatherwrotethelettertotell .
A. thenewspapertoletitsreadersknowthedangerofhitchhiking
B. youngwomennevertogoonalongtravelalone
C. youngpeopletolistentotheirparentsathome
D. hischildrennottotalktostrangersontheroad
(5)Whatdoyouthinkagoodeditorisgoingtodoafterhegetstheletter?
A. Hewilleitherreturnthelettertotheoldmanorgiveittothepolicestation.
B. HewillwritebacktotheWorriedGrandfatherandtellhimnottohitchhike
C. Hewillwritesomethingaboutthedangerofhitchhikinginthenewspaper.
D. Hewillholdameetingtotellthedriverstomakelessthetraffictrouble.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)B
(3)D
(4)A
(5)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,作者认为搭便车,尤其是女性搭便车存在安全隐患。
他向报社求助,希望他们可以让公众意识到这个问题。
(1)考查词义猜测。
根据第二段中的“onacartravelIcountedatleast50peoplestandingbesidetheroad,askingforrides.”在车上我看到至少有50个人站在路边请求搭车;以及第三段中的“Don'ttheyunderstandhowdangerousitistogetintothecardrivenbyastranger?
”难道他们不知道上陌生人的车有多危险吗?
可推测hitchhiking的意思是“免费乘坐陌生人的车去某地”。
故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“”Manyofthemwereyoungwomen.”;以及第三段中的“Don'ttheyunderstandhowdangerousitistogetintothecardrivenbyastranger?
”可知,作者认为女性搭便车非常危险。
故选B。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的“Ialwaystaughtmychildrennottotalktostrangers.Ineverletthemtakeridesfrompeopletheydidn'tknow.”和第五段中的“Isn'tthereenoughcrime(犯罪)todaywithoutaskingfortroublebyhitchhiking?
Ontheotherhand,hitchhikingmaybringsometraffictrouble.”可知作者一直教育他的孩子不要和陌生人讲话更不能坐陌生人的车,他认为即使没有搭便车所造成的麻烦,当今的犯罪已经够多了,而且搭便车还会给交通带来麻烦。
故推测作者是一个很细心而且见过很多事的人。
故选D。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“Don'ttheyunderstandhowdangerousitistogetintothecardrivenbyastranger?
Howmuchdotheyknowaboutthedriver?
Isheagooddriverornot?
Theyknownothing!
”可知作者认为很多人不知道搭便车很危险,故推测他写信的目的是让报纸提醒人们搭便车危险。
故选A。
(5)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“Can'tyournewspaperdosomethingaboutthecustom(习惯)ofhitchhiking?
”作者反问报纸“难道你们的报纸不能为搭便车的习惯做些事吗?
”可推测,如果是一个好的编辑,在看到信后会写一篇关于搭便车会有安全隐患的文章刊登到报纸上。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇教育类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Stressisoneofthemostcommoncausesofhealthproblemsinmodernlife.Toomuchstressresultsinphysical,emotional,andmentalhealthproblems.
Therearenumerousphysicaleffectsofstress.Stresscanaffecttheheart.Itcanincreasethepulserate,maketheheartmissbeats,andcancausehighbloodpressure.Stresscanaffecttherespiratory(呼吸的)system.Itcanleadtoasthmaandcauseapersontobreathetoofast,resultinginalossofimportantcarbondioxide.Stresscanaffectthestomach.Itcancausestomachachesandproblemsofdigestingfood.Theseareonlyafewexamplesofthewiderangeofillnessesandsymptomsresultingfromstress.
Emotionsarealsoeasilyaffectedbystress.Peoplesufferingfromstressoftenfeelanxious.Theymayhavepanicattacksandfeeltiredallthetime.Whenpeopleareunderstress,theyoftenoverreacttolittleproblems.Forexample,anormallygentleparentunderalotofstressatworkmayyellatachildfordroppingaglassofjuice.Stresscanmakepeopleangry,moody,ornervous.
Long-termstresscanleadtoavarietyofseriousmentalillnesses.Depression,anextremefeelingofsadnessandhopelessness,canbetheresultofcontinuedandincreasingstress.Alcoholismandotheraddictionsoftendevelopasaresultofoveruseofalcoholordrugstotrytorelieve(释放)stress.Ifstressisallowedtocontinue,thenone'smentalhealthisputatrisk.
Itisobviousthatstressisaseriousproblem.Itattacksthebody.Itaffectstheemotions.Untreated,itmayeventuallyresultinmentalillness.Stresshasagreatinfluenceonthehealth,ourfeelingsandourminds.So,reducestress:
stoptheworldandrestforawhile.
(1)Whatphysicaleffectsdoesstressresultin?
A.Overreactingtolittleproblems.
B.Makingbloodpressurelow.
C.Sufferingfromdepression.
D.Increasingthe
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