职称英语等级考试试题及答案1.docx
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职称英语等级考试试题及答案1.docx
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职称英语等级考试试题及答案1
2003年职称英语等级考试试题及答案
理工类B级
第一部分:
词汇选项(第1—15题,每题1分,共15分)
下面共有15个句子,每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线,请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1.Thehigh-speedtrainscanhaveamajorimpactontravelpreferences.
AforceBinfluence
CsurpriseDpower
2.Canyoufollowtheplot?
AchangeBinvestigate
CwriteDunderstand
3.Eveninahighlymodernizedcountry,manualworkisstillneeded.
AphysicalBmental
CnaturalDhard
4.Inthelattercasetheoutcomecanbeseriousindeed.
AresultBjudgment
CdecisionDevent
5.NormanBlameyisanartistofdeepconvictions.
AstatementsBbeliefs
CsuggestionsDclaims
6.Uptonow,theworkhasbeeneasy.
ASoBSolong
CSothatDSofar
7.Thereportadvocatedsettingupdaytrainingcolleges.
AsupposedBexcited
CsuggestedDdiscussed
8.Accordingly,anumberofothermethodshavebeenemployed.
AThereforeBAfterwards
CHoweverDFurthermore
9.Theoutlookfromthetopofthemountainisbreathtaking.
AviewBsight
ClookDpoint
10.Ourlivesareintimatelyboundupwiththeirs.
AtenselyBnearly
CcarefullyDclosely
11.Theunionrepresentativeputacrossherargumentveryeffectively.
AexplainedBinvented
CconsideredDaccepted
12.Hetalkstoughbuthasatenderheart.
AheavyBstrong
CkindDwild
13.Itisnousedebatingtherelativemeritsofthispolicy.
AmakingBtaking
CdiscussingDexpecting
14.Ourstatisticsshowthatweconsumeallthatwearecapableofproducing.
AwasteBbuy
CuseDsell
15.Thefueltankshadacapacityof140liters.
AfunctionBability
CpowerDvolume
第2部分:
阅读判断(第16—22题,每题1分,共7分)
阅读下面这篇短文,短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及,请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
TheThreattoKiribati
ThepeopleofKiribatiareafraidthatonedayinthenot-too-distantfuture,theircountrywilldisappearfromthefaceoftheearth-literally.Severaltimesthisyear,thePacificislandnationhasbeenfloodedbyasuddenhightide.Thesetides,whichsweptacrosstheislandanddestroyedhouses,camewhentherewasneitherwindnorrain.“Thisneverhappenedbefore,”saytheoldercitizensofKiribati.
Whatiscausingthesemysterioushightides?
Theanswermaywellbeglobalwarming.Whenfuelslikeoilandcoalarebeingburned,pollutants(污染物)arereleased;thesepollutantstrapheatintheearth’satmosphere.Warmertemperaturescausewatertoexpandandalsocreatemorewaterbymeltingglaciers(冰川)andpolar(极地的)icecaps.
Ifthetrendcontinues,scientistssay,manycountrieswillsuffer,Bangladesh,forexample,mightloseone-fifthofitsland.Thecoral(珊瑚)islandnationsofthePacific,likeKiribatiandtheMarshallIslands,however,wouldfaceanevenworsefate–theywouldbeswallowedbythesea.Thelossofthesecoralislandswouldbeeveryone’sloss.Coralformationsarehometomorespeciesthananyotherplaceonearth.
Thepeopleofthesenationsfeelfrustrated.Thesea,onwhichtheireconomieshavealwaysbeenbased,issuddenlythreateningtheirexistence.Theydon’thavethemoneyforexpensivetechnologicalsolutionslikeseawalls.Andtheyhavenocontroloverthepollutants,whicharebeingreleasedmainlybyactivitiesinlargeindustrializedcountries.Alltheycandoistohopethatindustrializedcountrieswilltakestepstoreducepollution.
16.ThepeopleofKiribatiworrythatonedaytheircountrywillbetakenawaybyasuddenhightide.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
17.HightidesusedtoattackKiribatiwhentherewasstrongwindorheavyrain.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
18.Theheatreleasedbyburningoilandcoalisthedirectcauseofglobalwarming.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
19.Scientistsarenotsurehowserioustheeffectsofglobalwarmingwillbe.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
20.ThecoralislandnationsofthePacifichavealonghistoryofcivilization.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
21.Thepeopleofthecoralislandnationsareunabletodoanythingsubstantialabouttheproblemofglobalwarming.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
22.Someindustrializedcountriesareunwillingtospendmoneyinreducingpollution.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
第3部分:
概括大意与完成句子(第23—30题,每题1分,共8分)
阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任务:
(1)第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2、3、5和6段每段选择1个正确的小标题;
(2)第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。
请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Robots
1Themostsophisticated(先进的)Japaneserobots,whichhavevisionsystemsandworkatveryhighspeeds,arestillbasedonAmericandesigns.Studiesofrobots,particularlycomputercontrolsoftware,areconsideredtobegenerallylessadvancedinJapanthaninAmericaorEurope.
2
Althoughindustrialrobotswereoriginallydevelopedasdevicesforsimplyhandlingobjects,todaytheircommonestusesareformoreskilledworklikewelding(焊接),spray-paintingandassemblingcomponents.
3InBritain,robotsalesappropriatelypeakedin1984,buthavebeendecliningeversince.ThisispartlybecauseBritishwageratesaretoolowtomakerobotsfinanciallyattractiveandpartlybecauseengineersnowhavemoreexperiencewithrobotsandaremoreawareofthedifficultiesofintroducingthemeffectively.
4Ithasbeencalculatedthatarobotusesonaverageabout100timesmoreenergythanahumantodoanequivalentjob.
5Itisestimatedthat20%ofallcomicbookheroesinJapanarerobots.ThisisanenormousnumberbecausecomicsaresopopularthattheymakeupathirdofallmaterialpublishedinJapan.
6ThereliabilityofrobotsismeasuredintheirM.T.B.F.ormeantimebetweenfailures.Thishasrisenfromabout250hoursinthemid-1970stoabout10,000hourstoday(equivalenttoworking18hoursadayfortwoyears.)Onewayrobotmanufacturershaveincreasedreliabilityistotesteverysinglecomponenttheybuy,insteadofthenormalprocedureofjusttestingasmallsample.
7ThebiggestsinglebenefitofintroducingrobotsclaimedbyJapanesecompaniesisthattheyincreasequalitycontrol.Onceprogrammed,therobotscanworkmoreaccuratelyandconsistentlythanhumans,whocangettiredandbored.
23.
AOngoingResearch
BExtensionofUse
CRobotHeroes
DGreaterReliability
EFallingDemand
FHiddenDanger
Paragraph2_____________
24.Paragraph3_____________
25.Paragraph5_____________
26.Paragraph6_____________
27.EventhemostsophisticatedJapaneserobotsare__________.
28.RobotsarelesspopularinBritaintodaypartlybecause________.
29.Onedisadvantageofusingrobotsisthattheyconsume___________.
30.Theuseofrobotsincreases___________.
Atoomuchenergy
BbasedonAmericandesigns
Ctheyaretoocostly
Dtheyarenotreliable
Equalitycontrol
Ffreeofcharge
第4部分:
阅读理解(第31—45题,每题3分,共45分)
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题,每道题后面有4个选项。
请根据文章的内容,从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案,涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇NewFoodsandtheNewWorld
Inthelast500years,nothingaboutpeople–nottheirclothes,ideas,orlanguages–haschangedasmuchaswhattheyeat.Theoriginalchocolatedrinkwasmadefromtheseedsofthecocatree(可可树)bySouthAmericanIndians.TheSpanishintroducedittotherestoftheworldduringthe1500’s.Andalthoughitwasveryexpensive,itquicklybecamefashionable.InLondon,shopswherechocolatedrinkswereservedbecameimportantmeetingplaces.Somestillexisttoday.
ThepotatoisalsofromtheNewWorld.Around1600,theSpanishbroughtitfromPerutoEurope,whereitsoonwaswidelygrown.IrelandbecamesodependentonitthatthousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedwhenthecropfailedduringthe“PotatoFamine(饥荒)”of1845-1846,andthousandsmorewereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmovetoAmerica.
TherearemanyotherfoodsthathavetraveledfromSouthAmericatotheOldWorld.Butsomeotherswentintheoppositedirection.Brazilisnowtheworld’slargestgrowerofcoffee,andcoffeeisanimportantcropinColombiaandotherSouthAmericancountries.ButitisnativetoEthiopia,acountryinAfrica.ItwasfirstmadeintoadrinkbyArabduringthe1400’s.
AccordingtoanArabiclegend,coffeewasdiscoveredwhenapersonnameKaldinoticedthathisgoatswereattractedtotheredberriesonacoffeebush.Hetriedoneandexperiencedthe“wide-awake”feelingthatone-thirdoftheworld’spopulationnowstartsthedaywith.
31.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinghaschangedthemostinthelast500years?
A.Food
B.Clothing
C.Ideology.
D.Language.
32.“Some”inthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphrefersto
A.somecocoatrees.
B.somechocolatedrinks.
C.someshops.
D.somesouthamericanindians.
33.ThousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedduringthe“PotatoFamine”because
A.theyweresodependentonpotatoesthattheyrefusedtoeatanythingelse.
B.theywereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmovetoamerica.
C.theweatherconditionsinirelandwerenotsuitableforgrowingpotatoes.
D.thepotatoharvestwasbad.
34.Whichcountryisthelargestcoffeeproducer?
A.Brazil.
B.Colombia.
C.Ethiopia.
D.Egypt.
35.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue,accordingtothepassage?
A.Onethirdoftheworld’spopulationdrinkscoffee.
B.CoffeeisnativetoColombia.
C.Coffeecankeeponeawake.
D.CoffeedrinkswerefirstmadebyArabs.
第二篇PleaseFastenYourSeatbelts
Severeturbulence(湍流)cankillaircraftpassengers.Now,intestflightsovertheRockyMountains,NASA(美国航空航天局)engineershavesuccessfullydetectedclear-airturbulenceupto10secondsbeforeanaircrafthitsit.
Clear-airturbulenceoftencatchespilotsbysurprise.Invisibletoradar,itisdifficulttoforecastandcanhurl(用力抛出去)passengersaboutthecabin.InDecember1997,onepassengerdiedandahundredotherswereinjuredwhenune
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