定语从句强化训练.docx
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定语从句强化训练.docx
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定语从句强化训练
定语从句AttributiveClause概述
I定义:
在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,它的作用相当与一个形容词,因此也叫形容词性从句.
II五要素:
1主句2从句3先行词:
被修饰的名词词组或代词4关系代/副词:
连接主从句5先行词在从句中充当的成分
Forexample:
Thisisabookwhichtellsaboutclonetechnology.
III定语从句的关系代/副词
关系代词:
thatwhowhomwhichwhoseas
关系副词:
wherewhenwhy
注意:
what、how不用来引导定语从句。
IV解题思路a
关系代词
1先行词是人,先行词在从句中做主语,关系代词用who/that
TheboywhowonthefirstprizeiscalledRoy.
2先行词是人,先行词在从句中做宾语,关系代词用whom/who/that
ThegirlwhomIlookafterisverybright.
3先行词是物,先行词在从句中做主语,关系代词用which/that
Doyouthinkmoststudentspreferteststhathaveeasyquestions?
4先行词是物,先行词在从句中做宾语,关系代词用which/that
Ilikethemusic___Icandanceto.A.thatB.whoseC.whenD.which
Ilikethemusicto___Icandance.A.thatB.whoseC.whenD.which
5先行词是人/物,先行词在从句中做主/宾语,关系代词用thatthat=who/whom/which
6先行词是人/物,先行词在从句中做某一成分的定语,关系代词用whose
(1).Doyouknowtheman?
(2).Theman?
swatchismissing.
Doyouknowthemanwhosewatchismissing?
可以同ofwhich互换whosewhose+n.=then.+ofwhich注意:
人用whom
(1).Pleasepassmethebook.
(2).Thebook?
scoverisgreen.
Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen
Pleasepassmethebookthecoverofwhichisgreen.
关系副词
7先行词是时间,先行词在从句中做时间状语,关系副词用when
Iwillrememberthetimewhenwestudiedabroad.
8先行词是地点,先行词在从句中做地点状语,关系副词用where
Theplaygroundwhereweusedtoplaybasketballdoesn?
texist.
9先行词是原因,先行词在从句中做原因状语,关系副词用why
IhavetoldyouthereasonwhyIbeathim.Thereason---isthat---
AS的用法:
as/which
1.引导非限制性定语从句。
2.搭配:
so/such/thesame---as---
3.as引导的从句可前可后;which只能在后。
As…,句子。
句子,as/which…。
V解题思路b根据从句所缺的成分填关系代副词
1从句缺主语,填whothatwhich2从句缺宾语,填whomthatwhich
3从句缺表语,填that4从句缺定语,填whose
5从句缺状语,填whenwherewhy6关系词代替一个句子,填aswhich
热身练习1初中版:
用关系代副词填空
1Thebook__Iboughtyesterdayisaboutscience.
2Idon?
tliketheman__istalkingtoLucy.
3Thegirl__IhelplikesEnglish.
4Lucycamelate,___makesmeangry
5Thebook___coverisbrokenseemslikeabox.
6Iwanttomarrythegirl__fatherispresident.
7Iwon?
tforgetthedays__wespenttogether.
8Iwon?
tforgetthedays__weworkedtogether
9Thepark___weoftenwalkliesintheeast.
10Thepark___weoftenvisitliesintheeast.
11Thereason___Icamelateisveryclear.
12Thereason___Iexplainedisveryclear.
定语从句涉及的三个问题
I定语从句与同位语从句的区别II介词+which=where/when/whyIII只能用that作引导词
注意在以下8种情况下,只用that不用which/who
1.先行词是all,any,everything,anything,nothing,something,much,little,few,none,theone时Thereismuchthatshouldbeused.
2.先行词被all,any,no,only,little,much,very,every,some,few,none等修饰时
Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.
3.当先行词前有形容词的最高级修饰时ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.
4.先行词前有序数词或thelast修饰时,.
TheGreatWallisthelastplacethatMr.SmithisgoingtovisitbeforeheleavesBeijing.
5.当先行词既有人又有物的词时Wetalkedofthethingsandpersonsthatweremembered.
6.当先行词在定语从句中做表语时,无论先行词是人还是物
Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatshewas.
7.主句以therebe开头时ThereislittlethatIcandotomakeupforthelosttime.
8.主句是用which,who引导的特殊疑问句,同时which,who在主句中做主语
①Whoisthemanthatisreadingabookthere?
②Whichisthemagazinethatyouborrowedfromthereadingroom?
同步练习
1.He_playswithfiregetsburst.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whose
2.Ididn?
tbelievethematfirstbutinfacteverything___wastrue.
A.theysaid
B.whattheysaid
C.whosetheysaid
D.whichtheysaid
3.Sheheardaterriblenoise,____broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that
4.Haveyoufoundthewoman____pursewaslost?
A.herB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose
5.Mr.Smithisoneofthoseforeignerswho___inChina.
6.Mr.Smithistheonlyoneofthoseforeignerswho_inChina.
A.work
B.isworking
C.areworking
D.hadworking
7.Whenhecamebackfromabroad,Johntoldhisparentsaboutthecitiesandthepeople___hehadvisited.A.whoB.whichC.whereD.that
8.Hisparentswouldn?
tlethimmarryanyone___familywaspoor.
A.ofwhom
B.whom
C.ofwhose
D.whose
定语从句
(二)
1.能识别介词+关系词的定语从句。
2.突破疑难问题。
Step1
Reviewwhatthestudentshavelearnedinthepreviousunit—relativepronouns—withablank-fillingexercise.
Fillintheblankswithrelativepronouns.
1.Thisisthestory__________wewroteforourstorytellingcontest.
2.Thebook__________Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.
3.Helikesthebirthdaygifts_________hisfriendsgavehim.
4.Thegirl_________youhavejustseenisverygoodatEnglish.
5.Idon?
tknowthenameoftheteacher_________Imetinthecomputerroom
Step2
Continuetoreviewwhatwastaughtinthepreviousunitwithanotherfiveblank-fillings.
1.Isthistheplay____________youweretalkingaboutjustnow?
2.Danielistheperson______________Iwanttomakefriendswith.
3.Artisthesubject____________Iknowlittleabout.
4.TheMathteacheristheperson____________IgotanAplusfrom.
5.Thetopic____________EricisinterestedinisPhysics.
Step3
Jointhesentenceswithrelativeclauses—anotherexerciseservesasrevisionofwhathasbeentaughtaswellaspresentationofwhatwillbetaught.
1)Wecouldexpectgooddecisionsfromyou.Wethoughtyouweresuchaperson.
==>Wethoughtyouwereapersonwecouldexpectgooddecisionsfrom.
==>Wethoughtyouwereapersonwecouldexpectgooddecisions.
2)Youweretobuydogfoodwiththemoney.Themoneyisgone.
==>Themoneyyouweretobuydogfoodwithisgone.
==>Themoneyyouweretobuydogfoodisgone.
preposition+which(指物)preposition+whom(指人)
Step4
Consolidatingexercises:
A.Reviewwhathasbeendoneinstep2,andaskthestudentstorewritethesentencesaccordingtothenewly-learnedrules.
B.Howtochoosetherightprepositions
1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定
1.Doyoulikethebookshespent$10?
2.Doyoulikethebookshepaid$10?
3.Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot?
4.Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks?
Exercise
1.Doyouknowthegirl_______________ourheadteacheristalking?
2.Ican?
tfindmydictionary___________Ipaidover$100.
3.Thisisthegoodcar__________Ispentallmymoney.
4.Theteacher_____________youhavebeenwaitingiscominginaminute.
2)根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定
1.I…llneverforgetthedayonwhichhemadethespeech
Thisistheknife______________Iusuallycutmypencil.
2.Isthisthehouseyourfatherwasborn?
3.ThehouseIgrewup____hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.
(2009江西,26)
A.init
B.in
C.inthat
D.inwhich
Thehouse____Igrewuphasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding
3)根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定
Air,________whichmancan?
tlive,isreallyimportant.
Thepen_____whichheiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday
1)TheGermanboss_____________theactressworksisakindperson.
2)Thehost______________theguestspeakerworkslikessinging.
3)Thepenfriend_______________thepoetwritesisgoodatliterature.
C下面两句中的介词能提前吗?
Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?
TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.
在固定短语中介词不能提前常见的这类动词短语有:
lookfor/after/forwardto,carefor(照顾,喜欢)hearof/about/from,takecareof等.
ThisistherightplaceI?
mlookingfor.
Thegirlwhomheislookingafterishissister.
D常见结构拓展
1.名词+介词+关系代词
1)Thisistheteacherwhosedaughterisafamousdoctor.
=Thisistheteacher_________________isafamousdoctor.
2)RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase(花瓶),_______wasveryreasonable(合理的).
A.whichprice
B.thepriceofwhich
C.itsprice
D.thepriceofwhose
2.数词+介词+关系代词(含基数词,序数词,分数和百分数)
1)Wehavethreeforeignteachers,___________arefromCanada.(其中的两个)
2)Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_______aresoldabroad.
A.ofwhich
B.whichof
C.ofthem
D.ofthat
3.代词+介词+关系代词(代词有all,both,none,neither,either,some,any等)
1)Theoldwomanhastwosons,__________areteachers.(两个都是)
2)Lastweek,twopersonscametoseethehouse,___________wantedtobuyit.
A.bothofthem
B.neitherofwhom
C.bothofthem
D.allofwhom
4.形容词最高级+介词+关系代词
1)Chinahasthousandsofislands,_______________isTaiwanIsland.(其中最大的)
1)Therearetwobuildings,________standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.
A.thelarger
B.thelargerofthem
C.thelargeronethat
D.thelargerofwhich
5.介词+关系代词+名词
1)Hespentfouryearsincollege,_____________hestudiedmedicine.(在那段时间内)
2)Intheoffice,Ineverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:
30p.m.,_______timemanypeoplehavegonehome.
A.whose
B.that
C.onwhich
D.bywhich
E.Fillintheblankswith“prep+which/whom”:
1)Areyouinterestedinanysongs_________you?
velistened.
2)Tomorrowisaparticularday_________hisdaughterwillgetmarried.
3)Thisistheknife_________Iusuallycutbread.
4)Wecan?
tlivewithoutthesun_________wegetheatandlight.
5)Thesubject_________Ericisinterestedisphysics.
6)Doyouknowthegirl_________ourheadteacherisshakinghands?
7)Ican?
tfindmydictionary_________Ipaidover$100.
8)Thisisthegoodcar_________Ispentallmymoney.
9)Sheistheteacher_____________allhisstudentsshowrespect.
10)Theteacher_________youhavebeenwaitingiscominginaminute.
Step5介词短语+关系代词
你有没有看见那座红房子,屋子前有一棵大树。
Doyouseetheredhouse?
Thereisabigtreeinfrontofthehouse.
==>Doyouseetheredhouseinfrontofwhichthereisabigtree?
你有没有参观过那座大厦?
在大厦顶上你可以俯瞰整座城市。
Haveyouevervisitedthetallbuilding?
Youcanhaveagoodviewoverthewholecityonthetopofthebuilding.
==>Haveyouevervisitedthetallbuildingonthetopofwhichyoucanhaveagoodviewofthewholecity?
Step6
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