Unit 12.docx
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Unit 12.docx
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Unit12
Unit12
Task1
【答案】
1)£229.
2)TheSpanish.
3)Italians.
4)Theyviewmostoftheirmealsasrefueling.
5)Higherqualityfood.
6)Low-fatalternatives(suchassushiandorganicsalads).
【原文】
UKresidentsspendanaverage£229ayearonfoodconsumedintransit,thehighestinEurope,theresearchgroupDatamonitorsays.Incontrast,Spanishpeoplespendonly£56ayear,whileItaliansspend£128ayearonaverage.
Thereport'sauthorsaysthedifferenceisduetothegreateramountoftimeBritonsspendatworkandcommuting.IntheUKpeoplespendonaverage48minutesadaytravelingtoandfromwork.TheSpanishandItaliansspend34and24minutesrespectively.
Attitudestowardsfoodarealsoimportant,thestudyclaims.
"TherearealotofpeopleintheUKwhoviewmostoftheirmealsasrefueling,"saysLawrenceGould,thereport'sauthor.
Butitisnotallbad,headds.
"Onethingemergingisagreaterdemandforhigherqualityfood,evenifitisfood-on-the-go,"saysMr.Gould.
Traditionalfastfoodsuchasburgersandchipsarenowcompetingwithlow-fatalternatives.Whilethefoodmayhavebeeneatenintransit,peopleareincreasinglybeingofferedhealthyfare:
fromsushitoorganicsalads.
Task2
【答案】
A.
StressinEverydayLife
Terms
Parentingasataskandaproblem,ratherthan
somethingthatcomesnaturally
singlemother,one-parentfamily
Peoplewantingtobeparentsbutnotbeingabletoforvariousreasons
surrogacy,test-tubebabies
Behaviourofchildren
truanting
Whatdothesetermssuggest?
Therereallyisakindofcrisisorabreakdowninold-fashionedfamilylife.
B.
1)Wordsuchas"stressedout","rage","roadrage".
2)TheUnitedStates.
3)Inthe1960s.
4)Itmeansthatapersoniscapableoffeeling,expressingandsharingemotions,anditimpliesthatemotionissomethingyoucanlearn.
【原文】
1)Therewasanincreasingamountofstressineverydaylifeforordinarypeople,particularlysoforfamilies.Andsoyougetalotoflanguagegeneratedoutofthesesocialproblems—termslike"singlemother","one-parentfamily",thewholeideaofparentingbeingataskandaproblem,ratherthansomethingthatcomesnaturally.Yougetthingslike"surrogacy',"test-tubebabies",thekindofthingwherepeoplewanttobeparentsandcan'tforvariousreasons.Yougetthebehaviorofchildren:
You'vegot"truanting",anotherkeywordthatusedtobecalled"playingtruant"—stayingawayfromschool.Andallofthesesuggestthattherereallyisakindofcrisisorabreakdowninold-fashionedfamilylife.
2)Stresswasarealsocialproblem,notofcourseonlyinBritain,butparticularlyinBritain.Andthisgaverisetoawholelotofwords,wordsforstressitself:
"stressedout","rage","roadrage".Weneededanewlanguagetoexpressthisnewkindofemotionalism.WetookitofcoursefromtheUS,fromtheUnitedStates,wheretherehadbeenawholelanguageoftherapyandoffeeling,andexpressingemotions,andsharingemotions,whichhadstartedinthe60sbuthadn'treallyspreadtoBritainuntilthe90s.Andyouhaveallthislanguagelike"caringandsharing","gettingintouchwithyourfeelings","emotionalliteracy"andtheideathatyoucouldbecome"emotionallyliterate",thatemotionissomethingyoucanlearn,likelearningtoread.
Task3
【答案】
A.1)c)2)c)3)a)4)b)
B.1)F2)T3)F4)T
【原文】
“Youhavetograblifebythethroatandgoforit—therearefewsecondchances.”
ThatisthelifephilosophyofSomervillecancersurvivorCarolynnMerks,whoislearningtoflyinspiteofthelimitationsoftwoartificialknees.
The53-year-oldregisterednurse,whoworksinpathologyinHastings,canbendherkneesonlypartiallybutsaidlearningtoflywasagoalshewasdeterminedtoachieve.
“ThreeyearsagoIwashitwithbreastcancerandthemIlostaclosefriendwiththesamedisease,”shesaid.“Itmademetakestockofmylifeandtotallychangedmythinking.Irealizedyouonlyhaveonechanceinlifeastherearenodressrehearsals.Idon’twanttowaitaroundformycancertocomeback,soIdecidedtotrytoachievemydreamsandgoalsinlife.”
Mrs.Merkshasalreadycompleted34out150hoursofsoloflyingtimeandisabouttositinhersecondofsevenmajorexamstogainthedifficultcommercialhelicopterpilot’slicense.
Theonlyconstraintsheacknowledgesisthatoffinances—itispredictedtocostabout$55,000intotaltogainherlicense.
“Drainingthefuel,checkingforwaterinthefuellineandcheckingforoilaretheonlytrickyparts,becauseIhavetobendmykneesasfarastheygo,butImanageitbecauseIamdetermined,”shesaid.“Notevenmyhusband’sdistinctlackofenthusiasmwasgoingtochangemymind.Helicopterflyingisalotmoredifficultthanfixedwing—itistheharderofthetwo,butitissomethingIhavealwayswantedtodo.IfeelIhavetogiveitmybestshot,tryhard,andifIfailatleastIcangotomygravesaying,wellatleastItried.AndwhenIcompletethis,mynextgoalislearningtoplaythesaxophone!
”
Task4
【答案】
A.
1)Whattrulyislogic?
Whodecidesreason?
2)Itisonlyinlovethatanylogicorreasonscanbefound.
3)HarvardLawSchool’sGraduationCeremony
4)"Thelawisreasonfreefrompassion.”
5)Thespeaker’s65thbirthday.
6)Theygobyinablink.
B.
1)numbers,logics,reason,physical,mysteriousequationsoflove
2)passion,akeyingredient,law,life,courageofconviction,strongsenseofself,firstimpressions,havefaithinpeople,havefaithinyourself
3)sneakaway,glorious,memory,upsanddowns,foranight,breakprecedent,one-candlewish,asluckyasmine,Idon'twantanythingmore
【原文】
Extract1
JohnNash:
Thankyou.I'vealwaysbelievedinnumbersandtheequationsandlogicsthatleadtoreason.Butaftera
lifetimeofsuchpursuits,Iask,"Whattrulyislogic?
Whodecidesreason?
"
Myquesthastakenmethroughthephysical,themetaphysical,thedelusional,andback.AndIhavemadethemostimportantdiscoveryofmycareer,themostimportantdiscoveryofmylife:
Itisonlyinthemysteriousequationsoflovethatanylogicorreasonscanbefound.
I'monlyheretonightbecauseofyou[hiswife,Alicia].
YouarethereasonIam.Youareallmyreasons.
Thankyou.
Extract2:
ProfessorStromwell:
Iam,personally,veryhonoredtointroducethisyear'sclass-electedspeaker.AftergettingoffaquiteinterestingstarthereatHarvard,shegraduatestodaywithaninvitationtojoinoneofBoston'smostprestigiouslawfirms.Iamsurewearegoingtoseegreatthingsfromher.LadiesandGentlemen:
ElleWoods.
ElleWoods:
OnourveryfirstdayatHarvard,averywiseProfessorquotedAristotle:
"Thelawisreasonfreefrompassion.”Well,nooffensetoAristotle,butinmythreeyearsatHarvardIhavecometofindthatpassionisakeyingredienttothestudyandpracticeoflaw,andoflife.Itiswithpassion,courageofconviction,andstrongsenseofselfthatwetakeournextstepintotheworld,rememberingthatfirstimpressionsarenotalwayscorrect.Youmustalwayshavefaithinpeople.Andmostimportantly,youmustalwayshavefaithinyourself.
Congratulations,classof2004—wedidit!
Extract3:
WilliamParrish:
IthoughtIwasgoingtosneakawaytonight.Whatagloriousnight!
EveryfaceIseeisamemory.Itmaynotbeaperfectlyperfectmemory.Sometimeswe'vehadourupsanddowns.Butwe'realltogether.You'remine—foranight.AndI'mgoingtobreakprecedenceandtellyoumyone-candlewish:
thatyouwouldhavealifeasluckyasmine,whereyoucanwakeuponemorningandsay,"Idon'twantanythingmore."
Sixty-fiveyears,don'ttheygobyinablink…
Task5
【答案】
A.
Title:
TheNewEthics:
AGuidedTouroftheTwenty-FirstCenturyMoralLandscape
Author:
AnitaAllen(ProfessoroflawandphilosophyattheUniversityofPennsylvania)
Description:
AprofessionalandpersonallookathowlifeinAmericaischangingwithaneyeonthisquestion:
Dowweneednewethicsinthisnewage?
B.
1)Where?
—thebusinesssector,politics,government,education,journalism,sports
What?
—lying,cheating,fraud,plagiarism;violationofclear-cutrules
2)What?
—optionsofferedbyscienceandtechnology
3)What?
—notknowinghowtodealwithotherpeople
→underinvolvementinthepoliticalprocess,inourneighborhoodsandinthecommunity
【原文】
JoePalca:
Isbehavingethicallygettingmorecomplicatedintheearlyyearsofthe21stcentury?
Isitmoreacceptabletolie,cheatorjustbendtherulesalittlebitinordertosucceedinourhighlycompetitiveworld?
ArethescandalsinvolvingEnron,TycoandMarthaStewarttheexceptions,oraretheyjusttheonesweknowabout?
Andwhataboutthenewproblemsbroughtonbyscience?
Ifwecouldusegeneticstomakeourchildrensmarter,shouldwe?
AnitaAllenhasbeengrapplingwithquestionslikethese.SheisaprofessoroflawandphilosophyattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaandtheauthorofanewbookcalledTheNewEthics:
AGuidedTouroftheTwenty-FirstCenturyMoralLandscape.HerbookisaprofessionalandpersonallookathowlifeinAmericaischangingwithaneyeonthisquestion:
Doweneednewethicsinthisnewage?
Thanksverymuchforjoiningusontheshowtoday.
Prof.Allen:
Goodtobewithyou.
JoePalca:
Soyousayinyourbookthatourethicalmapusedtobeclear,oratleastclearer.Whatdoyoumeanbythat?
Prof.Allen:
Well,itusedtobethatyougrowupand,youknow,ifyouwereagirl,youwereprobablygoingtobeamom,ateacher,awife,learnhowtocookandsew,andyouhadtosimplylearnhowtomastertherolessetoutforyouwithgraceandpoiseandvirtue.Andifyouwereaguy,youhadtolearnhowtotakecareofafamilyand
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